Описание: The forty-percent drop in crime that occurred across the U.S. from 1991 to 2000 remains largely an unsolved mystery. Even more puzzling is the eighty-percent drop over nineteen years in New York City. Twice as long and twice as large, it is the largest crime decline on record. In The City That Became Safe, Franklin E. Zimring seeks out the New York difference through a comprehensive investigation into the city's falling crime rates. The usual understanding is that aggressive police created a zero-tolerance law enforcement regime that drove crime rates down. Is this political sound bite true-are the official statistics generated by the police accurate? Though zero-tolerance policing and quality-of-life were never a consistent part of the NYPD's strategy, Zimring shows the numbers are correct and argues that some combination of more cops, new tactics, and new management can take some credit for the decline. That the police can make a difference at all in preventing crime overturns decades of conventional wisdom from criminologists, but Zimring also points out what most experts have missed: the New York experience challenges the basic assumptions driving American crime- and drug-control policies. New York has shown that crime rates can be greatly reduced without increasing prison populations. New York teaches that targeted harm reduction strategies can drastically cut down on drug related violence even if illegal drug use remains high. And New York has proven that epidemic levels of violent crime are not hard-wired into the populations or cultures of urban America. This careful and penetrating analysis of how the nation's largest city became safe rewrites the playbook on crime and its control for all big cities.
Автор: Siegel Название: Organized Crime: Culture, Markets and Policies ISBN: 0387097104 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780387097107 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 6282.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: The term `global organized crime` is often used to refer to worldwide illegitimate activities of criminal groups and networks. This book deals with various aspects of organized crime (drugs, diamonds, human trafficking, eco-crime, conflict resolution, underground banking, crime facilitators) in various parts of the world.
Автор: Lee Maggy Название: Trafficking and Global Crime Control ISBN: 1412935571 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781412935579 Издательство: Sage Publications Рейтинг: Цена: 7285.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Addresses all the major areas of debate including organised crime, human rights, transnational policing and accountability.
Описание: ??????This Brief provides a clearly outlined and accessible overview of the challenges in creating and enforcing hate crime legislation in the United States. As the author explains, while it is generally not controversial that hate crime behavior should be stopped, the question of how to do so effectively is complex.
This volume begins with an introduction about defining hate crimes, and the history of hate crimes and hate crime legislation in the United States. The author shows arguments in favor of hate crime statutes, for example: hate crimes reach beyond their victims to members of the victims’ protected group and cohesion of society at large, and should therefore carry higher penalties.The author also shows arguments against hate crime statutes, for example that they sometimes contain enhanced penalties for certain specially protected groups and not others, and have a high potential for ambiguity and uneven enforcement. From a law enforcement perspective, the author explores the practical challenges in enforcing these statutes, and solutions to address them. Investigative techniques and resources vary significantly across police departments, as does training to identify and distinguish hate crimes from ordinary crimes. There is high potential for law enforcement and prosecutors’ personal biases to effect the classification of crimes as hate crimes. Law enforcement organizations are constantly faced with the dilemma of what and how to enforce legislation.
This brief will be relevant for researchers in criminology and criminal justice, policy makers involved in hate crime legislation, social justice, and police-community relations, as well as related fields such as sociology, public policy and demography.?
Автор: Tonry, Michael Название: The Oxford Handbook of Crime and Public Policy ISBN: 0195336178 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780195336177 Издательство: Oxford Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 22968.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This handbook offers a comprehensive examination of crimes as public policy subjects to provide an authoritative overview of current knowledge about the nature, scale, and effects of diverse forms of criminal behavior and of efforts to prevent and control them. Michael Tonry, a leading authority on criminology, has brought together twenty-four of the most distinguished active scholars in the field to present a wide-ranging overview and analysis of violent crimes, property crimes, crimes against morality, transactional crimes, and transnational crimes. It is the only work to focus on crimes as public policy problems, and its accessible style and straightforward approach will appeal to social scientists and public officials concerned with crime or criminal justice.
Название: Routledge Handbook of Public Policy ISBN: 1138908886 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781138908888 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 9033.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание:
This Handbook provides a comprehensive global survey of the policy process. Written by an outstanding line up of distinguished scholars and practitioners, the Handbook covers all aspects of the policy process including:
Theory - from rational choice to the new institutionalism
Frameworks - network theory, advocacy coalition and development models
Key stages in the process - Formulation, implementation and evaluation
Agenda setting and decision making
The roles of key actors and institutions
This is an invaluable resource for all scholars, graduate students and practitioners in public policy and policy analysis.
Автор: Wilson Название: Crime, Victims and Policy ISBN: 1137383925 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781137383921 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 11179.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book provides critically examines how recent international developments in victims theory and policy are experienced within specific local contexts. The chapters approach key criminological issues including the experience of criminal justice agencies, policy formulation, the construction of victim identities and the `discovery` of new victims.
Автор: Gwladys Gillieron Название: Public Prosecutors in the United States and Europe ISBN: 3319045032 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783319045030 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 18167.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book offers a comparative analysis of the US and European prosecution system. It offers solutions on how to improve the American system as well as details lessons that European criminal justice systems can draw from the experience in the US.
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