Invitation to Abstract Mathematics, Bajnok Bela

Автор: F. William Lawvere
Название: Sets for Mathematics
ISBN: 0521010608 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780521010603
Издательство: Cambridge Academ
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Описание: In this book, first published in 2003, categorical algebra is used to build a foundation for the study of geometry, analysis, and algebra. Starting with intuitive descriptions of mathematically and physically common phenomena, it leads up to a precise specification of the Category of Sets. Suitable for advanced undergraduates and beginning graduate students.

Автор: Flood, Raymond; Rice, Adrian; Wilson, Robin
Название: Mathematics in Victorian Britain
ISBN: 0199601399 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780199601394
Издательство: Oxford Academ
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Описание: With a foreword by Adam Hart-Davis, this book constitutes perhaps the first general survey of the mathematics of the Victorian period. It charts the institutional development of mathematics as a profession, as well as exploring the numerous innovations made during this time, many of which are still familiar today.

Автор: Friedman, Michael.
Название: A history of folding in mathematics :
ISBN: 331972486X ISBN-13(EAN): 9783319724867
Издательство: Springer
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Цена: 30745.00 р.
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Описание: While it is well known that the Delian problems are impossible to solve with a straightedge and compass – for example, it is impossible to construct a segment whose length is cube root of 2 with these instruments – the discovery of the Italian mathematician Margherita Beloch Piazzolla in 1934 that one can in fact construct a segment of length cube root of 2 with a single paper fold was completely ignored (till the end of the 1980s). This comes as no surprise, since with few exceptions paper folding was seldom considered as a mathematical practice, let alone as a mathematical procedure of inference or proof that could prompt novel mathematical discoveries. A few questions immediately arise: Why did paper folding become a non-instrument? What caused the marginalisation of this technique? And how was the mathematical knowledge, which was nevertheless transmitted and prompted by paper folding, later treated and conceptualised?Aiming to answer these questions, this volume provides, for the first time, an extensive historical study on the history of folding in mathematics, spanning from the 16th century to the 20th century, and offers a general study on the ways mathematical knowledge is marginalised, disappears, is ignored or becomes obsolete.In doing so, it makes a valuable contribution to the field of history and philosophy of science, particularly the history and philosophy of mathematics and is highly recommended for anyone interested in these topics.

Автор: Stillwell John
Название: Reverse Mathematics: Proofs from the Inside Out
ISBN: 0691177171 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780691177175
Издательство: Wiley
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Описание:

This book presents reverse mathematics to a general mathematical audience for the first time. Reverse mathematics is a new field that answers some old questions. In the two thousand years that mathematicians have been deriving theorems from axioms, it has often been asked: which axioms are needed to prove a given theorem? Only in the last two hundred years have some of these questions been answered, and only in the last forty years has a systematic approach been developed. In Reverse Mathematics, John Stillwell gives a representative view of this field, emphasizing basic analysis--finding the "right axioms" to prove fundamental theorems--and giving a novel approach to logic.

Stillwell introduces reverse mathematics historically, describing the two developments that made reverse mathematics possible, both involving the idea of arithmetization. The first was the nineteenth-century project of arithmetizing analysis, which aimed to define all concepts of analysis in terms of natural numbers and sets of natural numbers. The second was the twentieth-century arithmetization of logic and computation. Thus arithmetic in some sense underlies analysis, logic, and computation. Reverse mathematics exploits this insight by viewing analysis as arithmetic extended by axioms about the existence of infinite sets. Remarkably, only a small number of axioms are needed for reverse mathematics, and, for each basic theorem of analysis, Stillwell finds the "right axiom" to prove it.

By using a minimum of mathematical logic in a well-motivated way, Reverse Mathematics will engage advanced undergraduates and all mathematicians interested in the foundations of mathematics.