Описание: Clinical Fluid Therapy in the Peri-Operative Setting brings together some of the world's leading clinical experts in fluid management to explain what you should know when providing infusion fluids to surgical and critical care patients. Current evidence-based knowledge, essential basic science and modern clinical practice are explained in 25 focused and authoritative chapters. Each chapter guides the reader in the use of fluid therapy in all aspects of peri-operative patient care. Guidance is given on the correct selection, quantity and composition of fluids required as a consequence of the underlying pathology and state of hydration of the patient, and the type and duration of surgery. Edited by Robert G. Hahn, a highly experienced clinician and award-winning researcher in fluid therapy, this is essential reading for all anaesthetists, intensivists and surgeons.
Описание: Before making significant policy decisions, political actors and parties must first craft an agenda designed to place certain issues at the center of political attention. This book features essays that make clear the efficacy of the agenda-setting approach for understanding not only how policies evolve, but also how political systems function.
Competition and intellectual property rights (IPRs) are both necessary for a market to work efficiently and to promote consumer welfare. Properly applied, intellectual property rules define a legal framework which allows undertakings to profit from their inventions. This in turn encourages competition among firms and enhances dynamic efficiency, to the benefit of consumer welfare. Standard setting represents one of the fields where the interaction between competition law and IPRs clearly comes to light. The collaborative goal of standard setting organizations (SSOs) is to adopt and promote standards that either do not conflict with anyone's right or, if they do, are developed under condition that patents are licensed under defined terms.
This book examines the tension between IPRs and competition in the standard setting field which can arise when innovators over-exploit the rights they have been granted and hold up an entire industry. The book compares EU and U.S. jurisdictions with a particular focus on the IT and telecommunication sectors. It scrutinizes those practices which could harm standard setting and its goals, looking at misleading conducts by SSOs' members which may lead to breach the EU and U.S. antitrust provisions on abuse of market power. Recent developments in EU and U.S. standard setting are analysed highlighting the differences in enforcement approaches. The book considers how the optimal balance between IPRs and industry standards can be struck, suggesting a policy model which takes into account both innovators' interests and SSOs' goals.
Описание: Dove, Lipton, Knorr, Ben & Jerry`s, and SlimFast are a few of the brands that are part of the $66 billion global empire known as Unilever. When the story opens, one of its divisions is in deep trouble- declining volume, eroding margins, critical quality problems- and is close to being sold off.
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