Описание: This study assesses the potential for job creation through infrastructure investment in the Middle East and North Africa. The region has experience in making the most of infrastructure investments, but maintaining and spreading the momentum in infrastructure will be important to support future growth and job creation. To do so, policymakers will have to recognize that there are large differences in initial conditions across the region in terms of starting stock, needs, fiscal commitments, private sector participation and job creation potential. Overall, the region’s infrastructure needs through 2020 are quite large and estimated at about 106 billion dollars per year or 6.9 percent of the annual regional GDP. The differences in infrastructure and maintenance needs across sub-regions are also impressive, with developing oil exporters expected to require almost 11 percent of their GDP annually, while the oil importing countries and the GCC oil exporters expected to need approximately 6 and 5 percent of their GDP, respectively. Investment and rehabilitation needs are likely to be especially high in the electricity and transport sectors, particularly roads. Rehabilitation needs are expected to account for slightly more than half of total infrastructure needs. While oil exporters will be able to meet their national infrastructure needs if they maintain investment spending at rates prevailing in the 2000s, oil importers will fall short. The infrastructure sector has the potential to contribute to employment creation in MENA. The region could generate 2.0 million direct jobs and 2.5 million direct, indirect and induced infrastructure-related jobs just by meeting estimated, annual investment needs. However, the potential varies greatly across countries, and infrastructure alone will not resolve MENA’s unemployment problem. Going forward, decisions on what types of public spending to expand and what to downsize in order to achieve balanced budgets will have important implications for jobs. In designing country specific solutions, governments will have to tackle predictable challenges: the governance of job creation, the proper targeting and fiscal costs assessment of subsidies needed to create jobs, the design and fiscal costs of the (re)training programs needed and the expectations on the job creation effects of infrastructure.
Автор: Kirkaldy Название: Industrial Relations in Conditions of Full Employment ISBN: 1107676266 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781107676268 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 2374.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Originally published in 1945, this book presents the content of Harold Stewart Kirkaldy`s inaugural lecture upon taking up the position of Montague Burton Chair of Industrial Relations at Cambridge University. This book will be of value to anyone with an interest in the history of industrial relations, trade unions and economics.
Описание: This book examines the impact of globalization on employment, income distribution and poverty reduction in developing countries using the five country studies of Ghana, Kazakhstan, Morocco, Nepal and Vietnam, looking at the evidence for targeted economic and social policies both at national and international levels.
Автор: Bardhan Ashok Название: Oxford Handbook of Offshoring and Global Employment ISBN: 0199765901 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780199765904 Издательство: Oxford Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 22968.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: The book contains essays from around the world addressing how globalization and offshoring have affected employment structure and job creation in both developing and developed countries.
Автор: Cangul Mehmet Название: Toward a Future Beyond Employment ISBN: 113734962X ISBN-13(EAN): 9781137349620 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 12577.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Toward a Future Beyond Employment proposes that as poor nations move to the emerging stage and as emerging economies become advanced, advanced economies are transitioning to a stage of their own, to a type of post-employment economy where society works less, consumes less, but instead has more time.
Автор: Craig Название: The Employment of Cambridge Graduates ISBN: 1107623790 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781107623798 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 4117.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Originally published in 1963, this book presents a study of the occupations of Cambridge graduates from 1952 and 1953, the levels of responsibility and salaries attained by them, the satisfaction derived from their occupations, and their career progression patterns.
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