Описание: ??????This Brief provides a clearly outlined and accessible overview of the challenges in creating and enforcing hate crime legislation in the United States. As the author explains, while it is generally not controversial that hate crime behavior should be stopped, the question of how to do so effectively is complex.
This volume begins with an introduction about defining hate crimes, and the history of hate crimes and hate crime legislation in the United States. The author shows arguments in favor of hate crime statutes, for example: hate crimes reach beyond their victims to members of the victims’ protected group and cohesion of society at large, and should therefore carry higher penalties.The author also shows arguments against hate crime statutes, for example that they sometimes contain enhanced penalties for certain specially protected groups and not others, and have a high potential for ambiguity and uneven enforcement. From a law enforcement perspective, the author explores the practical challenges in enforcing these statutes, and solutions to address them. Investigative techniques and resources vary significantly across police departments, as does training to identify and distinguish hate crimes from ordinary crimes. There is high potential for law enforcement and prosecutors’ personal biases to effect the classification of crimes as hate crimes. Law enforcement organizations are constantly faced with the dilemma of what and how to enforce legislation.
This brief will be relevant for researchers in criminology and criminal justice, policy makers involved in hate crime legislation, social justice, and police-community relations, as well as related fields such as sociology, public policy and demography.?
Автор: Bauschatz Название: Law and Enforcement in Ptolemaic Egypt ISBN: 1107037131 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781107037137 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 17266.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book details the activities of a broad array of police officers in Ptolemaic Egypt (323-30 BC). The Ptolemaic police investigated crimes; held trials; and arrested, questioned and sometimes even imprisoned wrongdoers. Such an autonomous police organization is unparalleled in the evidence from the rest of the Greco-Roman world.
Автор: Andy Bain Название: Law Enforcement and Technology ISBN: 1137579145 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781137579140 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 6986.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This edited book explores the history, development and use of technology in the policing of society, showing that technology plays a key, if not pivotal role in the work of law enforcement.
Автор: James Adrian Название: Examining Intelligence-Led Policing ISBN: 1137307366 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781137307361 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 16769.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book provides a critical analysis of the employment of intelligence-led policing (ILP) strategies. It aims to convey a better understanding of some of the realities of the police investigative and criminal intelligence worlds, and to examine what the story of intelligence-led policing tells us about policing and the police organization.
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