Автор: Baumard Nicolas, Baumard N. Название: The Origins of Fairness: How Evolution Explains Our Moral Nature ISBN: 0190210222 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780190210229 Издательство: Oxford Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 10296.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: In order to describe the logic of morality, "contractualist" philosophers have studied how individuals behave when they choose to follow their moral intuitions. These individuals, contractualists note, often act as if they have bargained and thus reached an agreement with others about how to distribute the benefits and burdens of mutual cooperation. Using this observation, such philosophers argue that the purpose of morality is to maximize the benefits of human interaction. The resulting "contract" analogy is both insightful and puzzling. On one hand, it captures the pattern of moral intuitions, thus answering questions about human cooperation: why do humans cooperate? Why should the distribution of benefits be proportionate to each person's contribution? Why should the punishment be proportionate to the crime? Why should the rights be proportionate to the duties? On the other hand, the analogy provides a mere as-if explanation for human cooperation, saying that cooperation is "as if" people have passed a contract-but since they didn't, why should it be so? To evolutionary thinkers, the puzzle of the missing contract is immediately reminiscent of the puzzle of the missing "designer" of life-forms, a puzzle that Darwin's theory of natural selection essentially resolved. Evolutionary and contractualist theory originally intersected at the work of philosophers John Rawls and David Gauthier, who argued that moral judgments are based on a sense of fairness that has been naturally selected. In this book, Nicolas Baumard further explores the theory that morality was originally an adaptation to the biological market of cooperation, an arena in which individuals competed to be selected for cooperative interactions. In this environment, Baumard suggests, the best strategy was to treat others with impartiality and to share the costs and benefits of cooperation in a fair way, so that those who offered less than others were left out of cooperation while those who offered more were exploited by their partners. It is with this evolutionary approach that Baumard ultimately accounts for the specific structure of human morality.
Автор: Bennett Название: Evolution and Ethics ISBN: 1137523816 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781137523815 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 10480.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Does evolution inform the ancient debate regarding the roles that reason and instinct play in how we decide what to do? Evolution and Ethics offers an insightful analysis of four epistemological types of sociobiology which appear in the extant literature, and includes a preliminary analysis of Darwinism itself.
Автор: McKenzie Alexander Название: The Structural Evolution of Morality ISBN: 0521152690 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780521152693 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 6653.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Drawing upon aspects of evolutionary game theory, the theory of bounded rationality, and computational models of social networks, this 2007 book shows how moral behaviour can emerge in socially structured environments, and how it can persist even when it is not typically viewed as `rational` from a traditional economic perspective.
Автор: Ayala, Francisco J. Название: Evolution, Mind and Method ISBN: 0128036931 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780128036938 Издательство: Elsevier Science Рейтинг: Цена: 5220.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание:
Evolution, Explanation, Ethics and Aesthetics: Towards a Philosophy of Biology focuses on the dominant biological topic of evolution. It deals with the prevailing philosophical themes of how to explain the adaptation of organisms, the interplay of chance and necessity, and the recurrent topics of emergence, reductionism, and progress. In addition, the extensively treated topic of how to explain human nature as a result of natural processes and the encompassed issues of the foundations of morality and the brain-to-mind transformation is discussed.
The philosophy of biology is a rapidly expanding field, not more than half a century old at most, and to a large extent is replacing the interest in the philosophy of physics that prevailed in the first two-thirds of the twentieth century. Few texts available have the benefit of being written by an eminent biologist who happens to be also a philosopher, as in this work.
This book is a useful resource for seminar courses and college courses on the philosophy of biology. Researchers, academics, and students in evolutionary biology, behavior, genetics, and biodiversity will also be interested in this work, as will those in human biology and issues such as ethics, religion, and the human mind, along with professional philosophers of science and those concerned with such issues as whether evolution is compatible with religion and/or where morality comes from.
Описание: The book presents a re-reading of H. G. Wells` novel "The Island of Doctor Moreau" as a key to addressing the controversies of our own humanity. It raises the issue: without human exceptionalism, where do ethics come from?
Автор: Sandler Ronald Название: Food Ethics: the Basics ISBN: 0415836441 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780415836449 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 3061.00 р. Наличие на складе: Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Food Ethics: The Basics is a concise yet comprehensive introduction to the ethical dimensions of the production and eating of food. It offers an impartial exploration of the most important aspects of key ethical questions relating to food.
Автор: Bergandi Название: The Structural links between Ecology, Evolution and Ethics ISBN: 9400750668 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789400750661 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 18866.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Examining the defining moments in the history of evolutionary biology, ecology and environmental ethics, this volume views such material as linked and attempts to trace their common epistemological tendencies, a task of urgent scientific necessity.
Автор: Singer Peter Название: The Expanding Circle: Ethics, Evolution, and Moral Progress ISBN: 0691150699 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780691150697 Издательство: Wiley Рейтинг: Цена: 2374.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: What is ethics? Where do moral standards come from? Are they based on emotions, reason, or some innate sense of right and wrong? This title argues that altruism began as a genetically based drive to protect one`s kin and community members but has developed into a consciously chosen ethic with an expanding circle of moral concern.
Автор: Patterson Название: Media Ethics: Issues and Cases ISBN: 1259010813 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781259010811 Издательство: McGraw-Hill Рейтинг: Цена: 7720.00 р. Наличие на складе: Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Media Ethics is a diverse, classroom tested compilation of 60 diverse cases that will help students prepare for the ethical situations they will confront in their media careers. This title focuses on ethical theory and practice, which works as a main text in a media ethics course, and in an "across the curriculum" approach in other media courses.
Автор: Harris John Название: Enhancing Evolution ISBN: 0691148163 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780691148168 Издательство: Wiley Рейтинг: Цена: 3960.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Intends to dismantle objections to genetic engineering, stem-cell research, designer babies, and cloning and makes an ethical case for biotechnology that is both forthright and rigorous.
Автор: Moore Название: The Evolution of Modern Metaphysics ISBN: 0521616557 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780521616553 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 6018.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book charts the evolution of metaphysics since Descartes, providing an unusually wide-ranging history that includes both analytic and non-analytic schools of thought. It also provides a compelling case for why metaphysics matters and how it can help us to cope with continually changing demands on our humanity by making sense of things in ways that are radically new.
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