Bedner, Peter Steinhauser, Christian Crucial role for astrocytes in epilepsy 9781615047147

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Автор: Bedner, Peter Steinhauser, Christian
Название: Crucial role for astrocytes in epilepsy
ISBN: 9781615047147
Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan)
Классификация:

Неврология и клиническая нейрофизиология

ISBN-10: 161504714X
Обложка/Формат: Paperback
Страницы: 89
Вес: 0.19 кг.
Дата издания: 30.08.2015
Серия: Colloquium series on neuroglia in biology and medicine: from physiology to disease
Язык: English
Иллюстрации: Colour illustrations
Размер: 237 x 191 x 10
Читательская аудитория: General (us: trade)
Ключевые слова: Neurology & clinical neurophysiology
Рейтинг:
Поставляется из: Англии
Описание: This book summarizes current evidence of astrocyte dysfunction in epilepsy and discusses presumed underlying mechanisms. Epilepsy is characterized by the periodic occurrence of seizures. Currently available anticonvulsant drugs and therapies are insufficient to controlling seizures in about one third of patients. Thus, there is an urgent need for new therapies that prevent generation of the disorder and improve seizure control in individuals already afflicted. The vast majority of epileptic cases are of idiopathic origin with their underlying mechanisms being unclear. Neurosurgical specimens from patients presenting with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) demonstrate marked reactive gliosis. Since recent studies have implicated astrocytes in important physiological roles in the CNS, such as synchronization of neuronal firing, it is plausible that they may also have a role in seizure generation and/or seizure spread. In support of this view, various membrane channels, receptors, and transporters in astrocytic membranes are altered in the epileptic brain. Excitingly, recent evidence suggests that in the course of the pathogenesis of MTLE, these glial changes alter homeostatic network functions and temporally precede the alterations in neurons. These findings might eventually classify MTLE as a glial rather than a neuronal disorder, and identify astrocytes as promising new targets for the development of more specific antiepileptogenic therapeutic strategies. Although research on astrocytes in epilepsy is still in its infancy, this book clearly demonstrates a critical role of astrocytes in the disturbance of K+ and transmitter homeostasis and its impact on seizure generation.

Crucial role for astrocytes in epilepsy, Bedner, Peter Steinhauser, Christian