Agricultural Biomass Based Potential Materials, Khalid Rehman Hakeem; Mohammad Jawaid; Othman Y. A
Автор: S?lvio Vaz Jr. Название: Analytical Techniques and Methods for Biomass ISBN: 3319414135 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783319414133 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 16979.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book deals with the application of techniques and methods of chemical analysis for the study of biomass and its conversion processes, aiming to fill the current gap in the book literature on the subject.The use of various techniques and analytical methods is presented and discussed in a straightforward manner, providing the reader with the possibility of choosing the most appropriate methodologies for analysis of the major classes of plant biomass and its products.In the present volume, a select group of international specialists describes different approaches to understand the biomass structure, their physical and chemical properties, the parameters of conversion processes, the products and by-products formation and quantification, quality parameters, etc.Modern chemistry plays a strong economic role in industrial activities based on biomass, with an increasing trend of the importance of its application from the deployment of biorefineries and the principles of green chemistry, which make use of the potential of biomass with decreasing impact negative environmental. In this context, analytical chemistry can contribute significantly to the supply chains of biomass, be it plant or animal origin; however, with the first offering the greatest challenges and the greatest opportunity for technical, scientific and economic progress, given its diversified chemical constitution. Thus, the chemical analysis can be used to examine the composition for characterizing physicochemical properties and to monitor their conversion processes, in order to obtain better products and uses of biomass.The quality of the biomass used determines the product quality. Therefore, reliable information is required about the chemical composition of the biomass to establish the best use (e.g., most suitable conversion process and its conditions), which will influence harvest and preparation steps. Conversion processes should be monitored for their yield, integrity, safety, and environmental impact. Effluent or residues should be monitored and analyzed for environmental control. Co-products need to be monitored to avoid interference with the product yield and product purity; however, co-products are also a good opportunity to add value to the biomass chain. Finally, products need to be monitored and analyzed to determine their yields and purity and to ensure their quality. In this context, analytical chemistry can contribute significantly to the biomass supply chains, be it of plant or animal origin.
Описание: Developing countries are searching for alternative energy options to promote sustainable and equitable development. This study analyzes the current sources, usage and environmental impact of biomass energy in India. Case studies of successful bioenergy projects are presented.
Автор: Pentti Hakkila Название: Utilization of Residual Forest Biomass ISBN: 364274074X ISBN-13(EAN): 9783642740749 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 20896.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: An increase in the demand for wood results in improved recovery and less residual biomass in the forests. Furthermore, since these countries possess no reserves of fossil fuels, and since their per-capita consump- tion of primary energy is exceptionally high, they also consider unmerchantable forest biomass a realistic source of indigenous energy.
Автор: Samir S. Sofer; Oskar R. Zaborsky Название: Biomass Conversion Processes for Energy and Fuels ISBN: 1475703031 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781475703030 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 15672.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Countless pages have been written on alternative energy sources since the fall of 1973 when our dependence on fossil petroleum resources became a grim reality. Currently, biomass contributes about 15 2 quadrillion Btu (l quad = 10 Btu) of energy to our total energy consump- tion of about 78 quad.
Автор: Fangming Jin Название: Application of Hydrothermal Reactions to Biomass Conversion ISBN: 3642544576 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783642544576 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 18284.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: It introduces the properties of high-temperature water, the merits of hydrothermal conversion of biomass, and some novel hydrothermal conversion processes, mainly including hydrothermal production of value-added products, hydrothermal gasification, hydrothermal liquefaction and hydrothermal carbonization.
Автор: Susanne Barth; Donal Murphy-Bokern; Olena Kalinina Название: Perennial Biomass Crops for a Resource Constrained World ISBN: 3319445294 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783319445298 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 30745.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book presents a flavour of activities focussed on the need for sustainably produced biomass to support European strategic objectives for the developing bioeconomy. The chapters cover five broad topic areas relating to the use of perennial biomass crops in Europe. These are: ‘Bioenergy Resources from Perennial Crops in Europe’, ‘European Regional Examples for the Use of Perennial Crops for Bioenergy’, ‘Genotypic Selection of Perennial Biomass Crops for Crop Improvement’, ‘Ecophysiology of Perennial Biomass Crops’ and ‘Examples of End-Use of Perennial Biomass Crops’. Two major issues relating to the future use of biomass energy are the identification of the most suitable second generation biomass crops and the need to utilise land not under intensive agricultural production, broadly referred to as ‘marginal land’. The two main categories of plants that fit these needs are perennial rhizomatous grasses and trees that can be coppiced. The overarching questions that are addressed in the book relate to the suitability of perennial crops for providing feedstocks for a European bioeconomy and the need to exploit environments for biomass crops which do not compete with food crops. Bioenergy is the subject of a wide range of national and European policy measures. New developments covered are, for example, the use of perennial grasses to produce protein for animal feed and concepts to use perennial biomass crops to mitigate carbon emissions through soil carbon sequestration. Several chapters also show how prudent selection of suitable genotypes and breeding are essential to develop high yielding and sustainable second generation biomass crops which are adapted to a wide range of unfavourable conditions like chilling and freezing, drought, flooding and salinity. The final chapters also emphasise the need to be kept an eye out for potential new end-uses of perennial biomass crops that will contribute further to the developing bioeconomy.
Автор: Tingyue Gu Название: Green Biomass Pretreatment for Biofuels Production ISBN: 9400760515 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789400760516 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 7182.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Reviews a range of pretreatment methods such as ammonium fiber explosion, steam explosion, dilute acid hydrolysis, alkali hydrolysis, and supercritical carbon dioxide explosion focusing on their sugar yields from hemicellulose, glucose yields from cellulose, as well as on their feasibilities in bioenergy production processes at various scales.
Автор: Vaclav Smil Название: Biomass Energies ISBN: 1461336937 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781461336938 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 14365.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: It presents the theoretical evaluation of the energetics and catalytic species involved in potential pathways of catalyzed carbohydrate conversion, pathways leading to the formation of humin-based by-products, and thermal pathways in deriving chemicals from lignin pyrolysis and hydrodeoxygenation.
