Автор: Stephen Y. Lin; Carlton W. Dence Название: Methods in Lignin Chemistry ISBN: 3642740677 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783642740671 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 20896.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: An up-to-date compilation of the theoretical background and practical procedures involved in lignin characterization. The advantages and limitations of individual methods are discussed and, more importantly, illustrated by typical analytical data in comparison to results obtained from other methods.
Описание: As in other scientific fields, the importance of boundary areas in wood research, such as that between lignin chemistry and hemicellulose chemis- try, continues to increase. Although the utilization of individual wood components has advanced to an appreciable extent, research into oligo- merie or polymerie compounds of two or more different components has made little progress. By contrast, in other fields, glycoproteins and pro te- oglycans have been found to form biochemical active centers in enzymes and microbes. The association between lignin and carbohydrates in lignified plants was first recognized in 1866. However, research has advanced slowly because of difficulty in the isolation and determination of wood glycocon- jugates, whieh likely have an important influence on the formation of wood, pulping behavior, pulp quality and digestibility by ruminants. Most plants contain both hydrophilie polysaccharides and hydrophobie lignins in their tissues. Lignins have been recognized to not only give mechanieal strength or rigidity to a tree or wood, but also to prevent invasion by fungi, and provide cell wall material, especially in the tracheids and vessels that deliver water extracted from the soil to the top of woody plants. How- ever, in trees, lignins have been found to interact with the polysaccharides, partieularly hemicelluloses, with whieh they coexist, leading to the forma- tion of another chemical component, a kind of glycoconjugate. Therefore, it is necessary to inc1ude lignin or p-hydroxycinnamie acids in any discus- sion on wood hemieelluloses.
Автор: Goh Название: Discontinuous-Fibre Reinforced Composites ISBN: 1447173031 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781447173038 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 16769.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book provides a simple and unified approach to the mechanics of discontinuous-fibre reinforced composites, and introduces readers as generally as possible to the key concepts regarding the mechanics of elastic stress transfer, intermediate modes of stress transfer, plastic stress transfer, fibre pull-out, fibre fragmentation and matrix rupture. These concepts are subsequently applied to progressive stages of the loading process, through to the composite fractures. The book offers a valuable guide for advanced undergraduate and graduate students attending lecture courses on fibre composites. It is also intended for beginning researchers who wish to develop deeper insights into how discontinuous fibre provides reinforcement to composites, and for engineers, particularly those who wish to apply the concepts presented here to design and develop discontinuous-fibre reinforced composites.
Автор: Lau, Alan Kin-tak Название: Natural Fibre-Reinforced Biodegradable and Bioresorbable Polymer ISBN: 008100656X ISBN-13(EAN): 9780081006566 Издательство: Elsevier Science Рейтинг: Цена: 27791.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание:
Natural Fiber-Reinforced Biodegradable and Bioresorbable Polymer Composites focuses on key areas of fundamental research and applications of biocomposites. Several key elements that affect the usage of these composites in real-life applications are discussed. There will be a comprehensive review on the different kinds of biocomposites at the beginning of the book, then the different types of natural fibers, bio-polymers, and green nanoparticle biocomposites are discussed as well as their potential for future development and use in engineering biomedical and domestic products.
Recently mankind has realized that unless the environment is protected, he himself will be threatened by the over consumption of natural resources as well as a substantial reduction in the amount of fresh air produced in the world. Conservation of forests and the optimal utilization of agricultural and other renewable resources like solar, wind, and tidal energy, have become important topics worldwide. With such concern, the use of renewable resources--such as plant and animal-based, fiber-reinforced polymeric composites--are now becoming an important design criterion for designing and manufacturing components for a broad range of different industrial products.
Research on biodegradable polymeric composites can contribute, to some extent, to a much greener and safer environment. For example, in the biomedical and bioengineering fields, the use of natural fiber mixed with biodegradable and bioresorbable polymers can produce joint and bone fixtures to alleviate pain in patients.
Includes comprehensive information about the sources, properties, and biodegradability of natural fibers
Discusses failure mechanisms and modeling of natural fibers composites
Analyzes the effectiveness of using natural materials for enhancing mechanical, thermal, and biodegradable properties
Автор: Francisco G. Calvo?€“Flores,José A. Dobado,Joaqu?n Isac?€“Garc?a,Francisco J. Mart?n?€“Mart?nez Название: Lignin and Lignans as Renewable Raw Materials: Chemistry, Technology and Applications ISBN: 1118597869 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781118597866 Издательство: Wiley Рейтинг: Цена: 21693.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: As naturally occurring and abundant sources of non-fossil carbon, lignin and lignans offer exciting possibilities as a source of commercially valuable products, moving away from petrochemical-based feedstocks in favour of renewable raw materials.
Автор: Xu, Chunbao Название: Conversion of lignin into bio-based chemicals and materials ISBN: 3662549573 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783662549575 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 13974.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Looking at the value of lignin in industry and the economy, this book overviews the types and their structures and properties, plus uses of crude or modified technical lignin for high-value bioproducts such as PF resins, epoxy resins, PF and PU foams, rubber reinforcement and carbon fibers and as dispersants in drilling fluids in oil and gas.
Автор: Thomas Q. Hu Название: Chemical Modification, Properties, and Usage of Lignin ISBN: 1461351731 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781461351733 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 22359.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: The pulp and paper industry not only produces an enormous amount of lignins as by- products of chemical wood pulps, but it also utilizes about 10 million metric tons of lignin per year as a component of mechanical wood pulps and papers.
Автор: Karl Freudenberg; A. C. Neish Название: Constitution and Biosynthesis of Lignin ISBN: 3540042741 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783540042747 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 14365.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Among terrestrial plants the vascular plants are the largest and the most con- spicuous. Thus lignin is found in vascular plants such as lycopods, ferns, gymnosperms and angiosperms, whereas it is absent from simple plants such as fungi, and from all other organisms.
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