An analysis of two heuristic strategies for the development of mechanistic models, illustrated with historical examples from the life sciences.
In Discovering Complexity, William Bechtel and Robert Richardson examine two heuristics that guided the development of mechanistic models in the life sciences: decomposition and localization. Drawing on historical cases from disciplines including cell biology, cognitive neuroscience, and genetics, they identify a number of "choice points" that life scientists confront in developing mechanistic explanations and show how different choices result in divergent explanatory models. Describing decomposition as the attempt to differentiate functional and structural components of a system and localization as the assignment of responsibility for specific functions to specific structures, Bechtel and Richardson examine the usefulness of these heuristics as well as their fallibility -- the sometimes false assumption underlying them that nature is significantly decomposable and hierarchically organized.
When Discovering Complexity was originally published in 1993, few philosophers of science perceived the centrality of seeking mechanisms to explain phenomena in biology, relying instead on the model of nomological explanation advanced by the logical positivists (a model Bechtel and Richardson found to be utterly inapplicable to the examples from the life sciences in their study). Since then, mechanism and mechanistic explanation have become widely discussed. In a substantive new introduction to this MIT Press edition of their book, Bechtel and Richardson examine both philosophical and scientific developments in research on mechanistic models since 1993.
Автор: Vladimir Vovk; Harris Papadopoulos; Alexander Gamm Название: Measures of Complexity ISBN: 3319357786 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783319357782 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 13275.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book brings together historical notes, reviews of research developments, fresh ideas on how to make VC (Vapnik-Chervonenkis) guarantees tighter, and new technical contributions in the areas of machine learning, statistical inference, classification, algorithmic statistics, and pattern recognition.
Автор: Brian Castellani; Frederic William Hafferty Название: Sociology and Complexity Science ISBN: 3642100139 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783642100130 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 15672.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book explores the basics and the latest in the integration of sociology and complexity science. It offers an array of real-life applications and showcases a new method for studying social complexity called the Social Systems Toolbox.
Автор: Lineweaver Название: Complexity and the Arrow of Time ISBN: 110702725X ISBN-13(EAN): 9781107027251 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: от 829.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть
Описание: Experts from science, philosophy and theology jointly address the widespread assumption that the universe is `getting more complex with time`. This unique cross-disciplinary work offers insights in complexity that reach deep into key areas of physics, biology, complexity science, philosophy and religion. A must-read for anyone interested in complexity theory.
Автор: Juan C. Burguillo Название: Self-organizing Coalitions for Managing Complexity ISBN: 3319698966 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783319698960 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 20962.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание:
This book provides an interdisciplinary approach to complexity, combining ideas from areas like complex networks, cellular automata, multi-agent systems, self-organization and game theory. The first part of the book provides an extensive introduction to these areas, while the second explores a range of research scenarios. Lastly, the book presents CellNet, a software framework that offers a hands-on approach to the scenarios described throughout the book.
In light of the introductory chapters, the research chapters, and the CellNet simulating framework, this book can be used to teach undergraduate and master's students in disciplines like artificial intelligence, computer science, applied mathematics, economics and engineering. Moreover, the book will be particularly interesting for Ph.D. and postdoctoral researchers seeking a general perspective on how to design and create their own models.
Описание: Based on natural language processing techniques, the approach presented in this book provides a qualitative estimation of the learning process and enhances understanding as a "mediator of learning" by providing automated feedback to both learners and teachers.
Автор: Boulton Jean G Название: Embracing Complexity ISBN: 0199565260 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780199565269 Издательство: Oxford Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 6414.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book discusses the concept of complexity. It describes what it means to say the world is complex and explores what that means for managers, policy makers and individuals. The authors cover the theory and ideas of complexity and explore issues of complexity in the fields of management, strategy, economics and international development
Автор: Vladimir Vovk; Harris Papadopoulos; Alexander Gamm Название: Measures of Complexity ISBN: 3319218514 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783319218519 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 16769.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book brings together historical notes, reviews of research developments, fresh ideas on how to make VC (Vapnik-Chervonenkis) guarantees tighter, and new technical contributions in the areas of machine learning, statistical inference, classification, algorithmic statistics, and pattern recognition.
Автор: Stefano Cagnoni; Marco Mirolli; Marco Villani Название: Evolution, Complexity and Artificial Life ISBN: 3642375766 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783642375767 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 13275.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book includes chapters from leading scientists in the fields of artificial life, complex systems, and evolutionary computing. The contributions identify both fundamental theoretical issues and state-of-the-art real-world applications.
Автор: J. A. Tenreiro Machado; Dumitru Baleanu; Albert C Название: Discontinuity and Complexity in Nonlinear Physical Systems ISBN: 3319014102 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783319014104 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 22359.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book provides Lie group analysis with nonlinear self-adjointess and conservation laws. It presents computational methods and control in fractional calculus as well as discusses discontinuous dynamics and chaos in drilling systems and vibro-impact systems.
Автор: Klaus Schredelseker; Florian Hauser Название: Complexity and Artificial Markets ISBN: 3540705538 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783540705536 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 16769.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Agent-based simulation has become a widely accepted tool when dealing with complexity in economics and other social sciences. This book includes contributions which apply agent-based methods to derive results from complex models related to market mechanisms, evolution, decision making, and information economics.
Автор: Mitchell Sandra D. Название: Unsimple Truths: Science, Complexity, and Policy ISBN: 022600662X ISBN-13(EAN): 9780226006628 Издательство: Wiley Рейтинг: Цена: 3010.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: The author argues that the long-standing scientific and philosophical deference to reductive explanations founded on simple universal laws, linear causal models, and predict-and-act strategies fails to accommodate the kinds of knowledge that many contemporary sciences are providing about the world.
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