Автор: Bertola, Luis; Ocampo, Jose Antonio Название: The Economic Development of Latin America since Independence ISBN: 0199662142 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780199662142 Издательство: Oxford Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 8237.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: A comprehensive and accessible overview of the economic history of Latin America over the two centuries since Independence. It considers its principal problems and the main policy trends and covers external trade, economic growth, and inequality.
Автор: Paul Hallwood, Stuart Sinclair Название: Oil, Debt and Development: OPEC in the Third World (Routledge Library Editions: The Economics and Politics of Oil and Gas) Volume 7 ISBN: 1138643165 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781138643161 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 15541.00 р. 22202.00-30% Наличие на складе: Есть (1 шт.) Описание: This Book, Originally Published In 1981, Discusses The Various Welfare Effects – Including Ai, Debt, Trade And Labour Flows - Of The Rise In Oil Prices And Revenues Which Took Place In The 1970S. These Complex Effects And The Negotiating Stances Of The Developing Countries Are All Examined An Dinvestigated, Drawing Upon A Wide Range Of Sources And Material For The More Quantitative Parts. Throughout, However, The Treatment Is Non-Mathematical And Is Written In Clear English Accessible Not Only To Bankers And Polititians, But Also Students Of Economics, International Relationjs And Area Studies.
Автор: Ha-joon, Chang Название: The East asian development experience ISBN: 1842771418 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781842771419 Издательство: NBN International Рейтинг: Цена: 6756.00 р. Наличие на складе: Нет в наличии.
Описание: East Asia`s development experience, at least until its crisis in 1997, has been a source of hope for other countries in the South. And in modern economic theory, it has been at the centre of the debate about how the role of the state relates to processes of intentional economic progress.
Название: ADB Through the Decades: ADB`s Third Decade (1987–1996) ISBN: 9292579215 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789292579210 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 2759.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: The 5-volume publication, ADB through the Decades, provides a historical account of how ADB has evolved to respond to the dynamic changes across the Asia and Pacific region over the past 5 decades. This third volume from the series presents ADB's response to expert recommendations for a new role for ADB in the 1990s, and greater emphasis on effectiveness in the delivery of development assistance. The growth momentum within the region continued. Intraregional trade and investment grew rapidly as Asian economies drew increasing strength from within the region. Interest was growing both within and outside Asia to understand and assess policy recipes for rapid and sustained “miracle growth.” The decade opened with recommendations from a panel of eminent development experts for a new role for ADB in the 1990s. Donor expectations evolved and placed greater emphasis on aid effectiveness of development assistance. In response, ADB strengthened internal procedures and gave greater attention to project quality. ADB moved to a new headquarters to centralize its operations. New members joined from Central Asia and some existing but nonactive members renewed their regular links with ADB. Lending picked up considerably while regional activities began to grow.
Описание: This volume presents a new perspective on demographic transition, economic growth, and national development via exploration of the Third World economies. It provides a multidimensional approach to the close relationship between the concept of the chaos and complexity theory and provides a deliberate glance into the plight of policy.
Автор: Dutt Название: Growth, Distribution and Uneven Development ISBN: 1316601382 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781316601389 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 4435.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book presents an international study of economic growth and income distribution, with a focus on North-South differences. The text discusses the topic from a purely theoretical perspective, comparing the relations between economies by using formal mathematical models.
Описание: Reforms spurred by accession to the European Union (EU) boosted productivity and integrated Romania into the EU economic space. Gross domestic product per capita rose from 30 percent of the EU average in 1995 to 59 percent in 2016. Today, over 70 percent of the country's exports go to the EU, and their technological complexity is increasing rapidly. Yet, Romania remains the country in the EU with by far the largest share of poor people, with over a quarter of the population living on less than $5.50 a day. There are widening disparities in economic opportunity and poverty across regions and between urban and rural areas. Although Bucharest has already exceeded the EU average income per capita, and many secondary cities are becoming hubs of prosperity and innovation, Romania remains one of the least urbanized countries in the EU. Access to public services remains constrained for many citizens, particularly in rural areas, and there is a large infrastructure gap, which is a drag on the international competitiveness of the more dynamic areas of Romania while limiting economic opportunities in lagging and rural areas. Growth is constrained by weak commitment to policy implementation, creating a poor business environment and misallocation of resources to politically connected firms. Equal opportunities are constrained by weak local service delivery and an inability to ensure sufficient local funding due to patronage-based politics. And resilience to natural disasters and climate change is constrained by lack of coordination between central and local authorities. As argued in this report, Romania has no choice but to address these institutional challenges if it is to sustain the impressive growth performance of recent years, share prosperity among all of its citizens, and improve its resilience to natural hazards.
Over the past two decades, China has rapidly increased its spending on its public pension programs, to the point that pension funding is one of the government's largest expenditures. Despite this, only about fifty million citizens—one-third of the country's population above the age of sixty—receive pensions. Combined with the growing and increasingly violent unrest over inequalities brought about by China's reform model, the escalating costs of an aging society have brought the Chinese political leadership to a critical juncture in its economic and social policies.
In Socialist Insecurity, Mark W. Frazier explores pension policy in the People's Republic of China, arguing that the government's push to expand pension and health insurance coverage to urban residents and rural migrants has not reduced, but rather reproduced, economic inequalities. He explains this apparent paradox by analyzing the decisions of the political actors responsible for pension reform: urban officials and state-owned enterprise managers. Frazier shows that China's highly decentralized pension administration both encourages the "grabbing hand" of local officials to collect large amounts of pension and other social insurance revenue and compels redistribution of these revenues to urban pensioners, a crucial political constituency.
More broadly, Socialist Insecurity shows that the inequalities of welfare policy put China in the same quandary as other large uneven developers—countries that have succeeded in achieving rapid growth but with growing economic inequalities. While most explanations of the formation and expansion of welfare states are derived from experience in today's mature welfare systems, developing countries such as China, Frazier argues, provide new terrain to explore how welfare programs evolve, who drives the process, and who sees the greatest benefit.
Описание: Introduction to International Development integrates the work of leading experts from various disciplines to provide foundational overviews as well as in-depth coverage of issues at the heart of today`s most pressing international debates.
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