Biotic Diversity and Germplasm Preservation, Global Imperatives, Lloyd Knutson; Allan K. Stoner

Автор: Y. P. S. Bajaj
Название: Cryopreservation of Plant Germplasm I
ISBN: 3642081843 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783642081842
Издательство: Springer
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Описание: The germ plasm of numerous plant species, especially those of forest trees, some agricultural crops, and medicinal plants, is endangered and threatened with extinction. This depletion of germplasm pools and the shrinkage of naturally occurring genetic resources have caused international concern. Conventionally, the germplasm of plants is conserved through seeds, tubers, roots, corms, rhizomes, bulbs, cuttings, etc. However, the germ plasm of a number of trees and plantation crops (such as coconut, cocao, coffee, oil palm, rubber, mango, horse chestnut, etc. ) cannot be preserved since their seed are short-lived (recalcitrant). Likewise, germplasm of vegetatively propagated crops (such as potato and cassava) cannot be stored on a long- term basis and has to be grown and multiplied periodically in nurseries and fields. The plants are thus exposed to unpredictable weather conditions and diseases, with the result that instances are known where entire genetic stocks are lost. Therefore, unconventional methods are being developed for the storage and international exchange of germplasm. For this purpose in vitro cultures have been employed, but they can only enable short-to medium- term preservation; moreover, cell cultures upon repeated subculture undergo genetic erosion. In view of the recent developments in the in vitro induction of genetic variability through somaclonal variation, somatic hybridization, recombinant DNA technology, etc., new methods need to be employed for the storage of desirable cultures. In this regard freeze preservation of cells in liquid nitrogen (-196 0q, like that of semen, enables long-term storage, theoretically, for an indefinite period of time.

Автор: Guoping Zhang
Название: Exploration, Identification and Utilization of Barley Germplasm
ISBN: 0128029226 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780128029220
Издательство: Elsevier Science
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Описание: Exploration, Identification and Utilization of Barley Germplasm explores the timely global challenges related to barley production posed by the narrowing of biodiversity and problem soils, identifying elite genotypes which will enhance barley breeding and be essential to genetic and evolution studies. The book covers the utilization of barley germplasm for improving the quality of both food and feed barley as well as exploring and utilizing varieties of germplasm that are tolerant to drought, waterlogged, salt, and acid soil. Chapters are devoted to prime strategies for future research, including identifying barley germplasm by applying Omics, exploring barley germplasm by means of the Focused Identification of Germplasm Strategy (FIGS), and creating barley germplasm through mutation. . Users will find this book to be a key research reference for both professionals and academics, providing a comprehensive update for established barley researchers that equips them with an understanding of the new methodologies needed for innovation and discovery, while also providing a helpful entry to the subject for young researchers and students.

Автор: L.E. Towill; Y.P.S. Bajaj
Название: Cryopreservation of Plant Germplasm II
ISBN: 3642075029 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783642075025
Издательство: Springer
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Описание: Ex situ preservation of germplasm for higher plant species has been accom- plished using either seeds or clones, but storage of these under typical condi- tions does not provide the extreme longevities that are needed to minimize risk of loss. Costs of maintenance and regeneration of stocks are also high. Systems that provide virtually indefinite storage should supplement existing methods and it is within this context that cryopreservation is presented. The use of low temperature preservation was initially more a concern of medicine and animal breeding, and was expanded to plants in the 1970s. Sur- vival after cryogenic exposure has now been demonstrated for diverse plant groups including algae, bryophytes, fungi and higher plants. If survival is com- monplace, then the eventual application is a cryopreservation system, whereby cells, tissues and organs are held indefinitely for use, often in the unforeseen future. The increasing interest and capabilities for application could not have occurred at a more opportune time since expanding human populations have placed unprecedented pressures on plant diversity. This book emphasizes cry- opreservation of higher plants and was initially driven by the concern for loss of diversity in crops and the recognized need that this diversity would be essential for continued improvement of the many plants used by society for food, health and shelter. The interest in cryopreservation has been expanded by conservationists and their concerns for retaining, as much as possible, the diversity of natural populations. The need for cryopreservation, thus, is well established.

Автор: Mohammad Miransari
Название: Abiotic and Biotic Stresses in Soybean Production
ISBN: 0128015365 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780128015360
Издательство: Elsevier Science
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Описание:

Abiotic and Biotic Stresses in Soybean Production: Soybean Production Volume One presents the important results of research in both field and greenhouse conditions that guide readers to effectively manage the chemical, physical, and biological factors that can put soybean production at risk.

Автор: Roberto Fritsche-Neto; Alu?zio Bor?m
Название: Plant Breeding for Biotic Stress Resistance
ISBN: 3642448836 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783642448836
Издательство: Springer
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Описание: This book collects the latest advances and discoveries concerning breeding for biotic stresses, and biotic challenges to agriculture and food production. Reviews plant stresses caused by microorganisms, weeds and insects, and discusses how to breed for them.

Автор: Becard, Guillaume
Название: How Plants Communicate with their Biotic Environment,82
ISBN: 0128014318 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780128014318
Издательство: Elsevier Science
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Описание: How Plants Communicate with Their Biotic Environment addresses how plants perceive the presence of organisms (other plants, microbes, insects and nematodes) living in their proximity, how they manage to be attractive when these organisms are friendly, and how they defend themselves from foes. Specific chapters delve into ecology and defense mechanisms, allelopathy and the role of allelochemicals in plant defense, plant signaling, and plant communication with microbes and animals, including herbivores. In addition, the book presents discussions on communication and its role in plant pollination. This comprehensive resource presents tactics that can be taken from the lab, to the bench, to the forest.

• Gathers, under a common general outline, a comprehensive knowledge issued from distinct scientific communities
• Combines three life science disciplines, including ecology, evolutionary biology, and molecular biology
• Addresses a topical subject as the natural biological processes described represent basic knowledge that help develop low input sustainable agriculture
• Written by renowned scientists in their field

Автор: John L. Cloudsley-Thompson
Название: Biotic Interactions in Arid Lands
ISBN: 3642646379 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783642646379
Издательство: Springer
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Цена: 18167.00 р.
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Описание: The exigencies of life in the desert environment have resulted in the se- lection of a diversity of adaptations, both morphological and physiologi- cal, in the flora and fauna.