Описание: Challenges long-standing linear notions of scientific progress, arguing that transformative ideas don`t arise from the day-to-day, gradual process of experimentation and data accumulation, but that revolutions in science, those breakthrough moments that disrupt accepted thinking and offer unanticipated ideas, occur outside of normal science.
Автор: Kretsinger Robert E. Название: History and Philosophy of Biology ISBN: 9814635049 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789814635042 Издательство: World Scientific Publishing Рейтинг: Цена: 7603.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: History and Philosophy of Biology summarizes the major philosophical ideas that have attended the development of science in general and of biology in particular.
A broad theory of research methodology for psychology and the behavioral sciences that offers a coherent treatment of a range of behavioral research methods.
This book considers scientific method in the behavioral sciences, with particular reference to psychology. Psychologists learn about research methods and use them to conduct their research, but their training teaches them little about the nature of scientific method itself. In Investigating the Psychological World, Brian Haig fills this gap. Drawing on behavioral science methodology, the philosophy of science, and statistical theory, Haig constructs a broad theory of scientific method that has particular relevance for the behavioral sciences. He terms this account of method the abductive theory of method (ATOM) in recognition of the importance it assigns to explanatory reasoning. ATOM offers the framework for a coherent treatment of a range of quantitative and qualitative behavioral research methods, giving equal treatment to data-analytic methods and methods of theory construction.
Haig draws on the new experimentalism in the philosophy of science to reconstruct the process of phenomena detection as it applies to psychology; he considers the logic and purpose of exploratory factor analysis; he discusses analogical modeling as a means of theory development; and he recommends the use of inference to the best explanation for evaluating theories in psychology. Finally, he outlines the nature of research problems, discusses the nature of the abductive method, and describes applications of the method to grounded theory method and clinical reasoning. The book will be of interest not only to philosophers of science but also to psychological researchers who want to deepen their conceptual understanding of research methods and methodological concerns.
Автор: L?na Soler; H. Sankey; Paul Hoyningen-Huene Название: Rethinking Scientific Change and Theory Comparison: ISBN: 9400786875 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789400786875 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 38992.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This volume presents a collection of essays devoted to the analysis of scientific change and stability. The book constitutes fully revised versions of papers that were originally presented at an international colloquium held at the University of Nancy, France, in June 2004.
Описание: The concept of symmetry is inherent to modern science. This study is based on primary sources, presented in context: the authors examine the trajectory of the concept in the mathematical and scientific disciplines as well as in art and architecture.
Автор: W.R. Woodward; Robert S. Cohen Название: World Views and Scientific Discipline Formation ISBN: 9401053952 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789401053952 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 27950.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: The various efforts to develop a Marxist philosophy of science in the one- time `socialist` countries were casualties of the Cold War.
An analysis of two heuristic strategies for the development of mechanistic models, illustrated with historical examples from the life sciences.
In Discovering Complexity, William Bechtel and Robert Richardson examine two heuristics that guided the development of mechanistic models in the life sciences: decomposition and localization. Drawing on historical cases from disciplines including cell biology, cognitive neuroscience, and genetics, they identify a number of "choice points" that life scientists confront in developing mechanistic explanations and show how different choices result in divergent explanatory models. Describing decomposition as the attempt to differentiate functional and structural components of a system and localization as the assignment of responsibility for specific functions to specific structures, Bechtel and Richardson examine the usefulness of these heuristics as well as their fallibility -- the sometimes false assumption underlying them that nature is significantly decomposable and hierarchically organized.
When Discovering Complexity was originally published in 1993, few philosophers of science perceived the centrality of seeking mechanisms to explain phenomena in biology, relying instead on the model of nomological explanation advanced by the logical positivists (a model Bechtel and Richardson found to be utterly inapplicable to the examples from the life sciences in their study). Since then, mechanism and mechanistic explanation have become widely discussed. In a substantive new introduction to this MIT Press edition of their book, Bechtel and Richardson examine both philosophical and scientific developments in research on mechanistic models since 1993.
Описание: Making clear the meaning of "context" and highlighting the complexity hidden in the words "teaching" and "learning", this book presents comparatist approaches and emphasizes the notion of teaching as projects embedded in coherent treatises or productions.
Автор: Fraassen Bas C van Название: Scientific Representation ISBN: 0199278237 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780199278237 Издательство: Oxford Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 5859.00 р. Наличие на складе: Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Bas C. van Fraassen presents an original exploration of how we represent the world. He investigates the nature of representation in both science and art; he defends a distinctive position in contemporary philosophy of science; and he illuminates the complex relationship between appearance and reality.
Автор: Thomas Nickles Название: Scientific Discovery, Logic, and Rationality ISBN: 9027710708 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789027710703 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 32144.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: For what these volumes achieve, in effect, is the continuation of a tradition which had once been strong in the philosophy of science - namely, that tradition which addressed the question of scientific discovery as a central question in the understanding of science.
Автор: G.L. Pandit Название: The Structure and Growth of Scientific Knowledge ISBN: 9027714347 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789027714343 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 25149.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Автор: Erik Weber; Jeroen Van Bouwel; Leen De Vreese Название: Scientific Explanation ISBN: 9400764456 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789400764453 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 6986.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: The second chapter (How to Study Scientific Explanation?) scrutinizes the working-method of three important philosophers of explanation, Carl Hempel, Philip Kitcher and Wesley Salmon and shows what went wrong.
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