Описание: Challenges long-standing linear notions of scientific progress, arguing that transformative ideas don`t arise from the day-to-day, gradual process of experimentation and data accumulation, but that revolutions in science, those breakthrough moments that disrupt accepted thinking and offer unanticipated ideas, occur outside of normal science.
Описание: This volume employs philosophical and historical perspectives to shed light on classic social, ethical, and philosophical issues raised with renewed urgency against the backdrop of the mapping of the human genome.
Автор: Maria Luisa Dalla Chiara; Kees Doets; Daniele Mund Название: Logic and Scientific Methods ISBN: 0792343832 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780792343837 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 46399.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Contains the papers submitted by the participants to the Tenth International Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science, held in Florence, August 1995. This work covers the traditional subdisciplines of mathematical logic and philosophical logic, as well as their interfaces with computer science, linguistics and philosophy.
Автор: P. Humphreys Название: Patrick Suppes: Scientific Philosopher ISBN: 0792325532 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780792325536 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 38433.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Contains 4 volumes with contributions ranging over probability and statistics, mathematical and experimental psychology, the foundations of physics, education theory, the philosophy of language, measurement theory, and the philosophy of science. This work is useful for philosophers of language, and of mathematical social sciences, and linguists.
Автор: P. Humphreys Название: Patrick Suppes: Scientific Philosopher ISBN: 0792325524 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780792325529 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 49613.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Contains 4 volumes with contributions ranging over probability and statistics, mathematical and experimental psychology, the foundations of physics, education theory, the philosophy of language, measurement theory, and the philosophy of science. This work is useful for philosophers of language, and of mathematical social sciences, and linguists.
Описание: Individuals are things that everybody knows--or thinks they do. Yet even scholars who practice or analyze the biological sciences often cannot agree on what an individual is and why. One reason for this disagreement is that the many important biological individuality concepts serve very different purposes--defining, classifying, or explaining living structure, function, interaction, persistence, or evolution. Indeed, as the contributors to Biological Individuality reveal, nature is too messy for simple definitions of this concept, organisms too quirky in the diverse ways they reproduce, function, and interact, and human ideas about individuality too fraught with philosophical and historical meaning.
Bringing together biologists, historians, and philosophers, this book provides a multifaceted exploration of biological individuality that identifies leading and less familiar perceptions of individuality both past and present, what they are good for, and in what contexts. Biological practice and theory recognize individuals at myriad levels of organization, from genes to organisms to symbiotic systems. We depend on these notions of individuality to address theoretical questions about multilevel natural selection and Darwinian fitness; to illuminate empirical questions about development, function, and ecology; to ground philosophical questions about the nature of organisms and causation; and to probe historical and cultural circumstances that resonate with parallel questions about the nature of society. Charting an interdisciplinary research agenda that broadens the frameworks in which biological individuality is discussed, this book makes clear that in the realm of the individual, there is not and should not be a direct path from biological paradigms based on model organisms through to philosophical generalization and historical reification.
An analysis of two heuristic strategies for the development of mechanistic models, illustrated with historical examples from the life sciences.
In Discovering Complexity, William Bechtel and Robert Richardson examine two heuristics that guided the development of mechanistic models in the life sciences: decomposition and localization. Drawing on historical cases from disciplines including cell biology, cognitive neuroscience, and genetics, they identify a number of "choice points" that life scientists confront in developing mechanistic explanations and show how different choices result in divergent explanatory models. Describing decomposition as the attempt to differentiate functional and structural components of a system and localization as the assignment of responsibility for specific functions to specific structures, Bechtel and Richardson examine the usefulness of these heuristics as well as their fallibility -- the sometimes false assumption underlying them that nature is significantly decomposable and hierarchically organized.
When Discovering Complexity was originally published in 1993, few philosophers of science perceived the centrality of seeking mechanisms to explain phenomena in biology, relying instead on the model of nomological explanation advanced by the logical positivists (a model Bechtel and Richardson found to be utterly inapplicable to the examples from the life sciences in their study). Since then, mechanism and mechanistic explanation have become widely discussed. In a substantive new introduction to this MIT Press edition of their book, Bechtel and Richardson examine both philosophical and scientific developments in research on mechanistic models since 1993.
Автор: Seymour Mauskopf; Tad Schmaltz Название: Integrating History and Philosophy of Science ISBN: 9400738072 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789400738072 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 18866.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Offering a variety of perspectives, this volume combines general reflections on the current state of history and philosophy of science with studies of the relationships between the two disciplines in specific historical and scientific cases.
Автор: Maria Carla Galavotti; A. Pagnini Название: Experience, Reality, and Scientific Explanation ISBN: 0792354974 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780792354970 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 20962.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Contains essays that cover topics related to the work of Merrilee and Wesley Salmon. This volume includes discussions of scientific explanation, rationality, inference and induction, social behaviour, philosophy of physics and biology. It is intended for scholars and researchers in such fields as philosophy of science and epistemology.
Автор: Peter J. Riggs Название: Natural Kinds, Laws of Nature and Scientific Methodology ISBN: 0792342259 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780792342250 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 23053.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Issues covered in this collection of essays include: the nature of physical laws; the basic entities that we can expect the world to consist of; the problem of induction; the aim(s) of science; the discovery of natural laws through scientific methods; and natural necessity and its status.
Автор: K. Gavroglu; John Stachel; Marx W. Wartofsky Название: Physics, Philosophy, and the Scientific Community ISBN: 0792329880 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780792329886 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 31305.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: In three volumes, this book contains contributions from a distinguished group of scholars from a variety of disciplines in the natural and social sciences, the humanities and the arts. The essays presented herein focus on philosophical and historical issues in contemporary physics.
Автор: P. Humphreys Название: Patrick Suppes: Scientific Philosopher ISBN: 0792328620 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780792328629 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 41647.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Patrick Suppes is a philosopher and scientist whose contributions range over probability and statistics, mathematical and experimental psychology. This work features papers that were commissioned with the mandate of advancing research in their respective fields rather than retrospectively surveying the contributions that Suppes himself has made.
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