An American Scientist on the Research Frontier, Ralph R. Hamerla
Автор: Compton, Richard Guy Wildgoose, Gregory George Zak Название: A.G. Stromberg; First Class Scientist, Second Class Citizen: Letters from the GULAG and a History of Electroanalysis in the USSR ISBN: 1848166753 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781848166752 Издательство: World Scientific Publishing Рейтинг: Цена: 14082.00 р. 20117.00-30% Наличие на складе: Есть (1 шт.) Описание: Armin G Stromberg was arguably one of the founding fathers of the technique of stripping voltammetry frequently used in chemical analysis, yet he is virtually unheard of in Western Scientific circles. This title presents the complete set of 74 surviving letters written by Stromberg to his wife during the second world war.
An analysis of two heuristic strategies for the development of mechanistic models, illustrated with historical examples from the life sciences.
In Discovering Complexity, William Bechtel and Robert Richardson examine two heuristics that guided the development of mechanistic models in the life sciences: decomposition and localization. Drawing on historical cases from disciplines including cell biology, cognitive neuroscience, and genetics, they identify a number of "choice points" that life scientists confront in developing mechanistic explanations and show how different choices result in divergent explanatory models. Describing decomposition as the attempt to differentiate functional and structural components of a system and localization as the assignment of responsibility for specific functions to specific structures, Bechtel and Richardson examine the usefulness of these heuristics as well as their fallibility -- the sometimes false assumption underlying them that nature is significantly decomposable and hierarchically organized.
When Discovering Complexity was originally published in 1993, few philosophers of science perceived the centrality of seeking mechanisms to explain phenomena in biology, relying instead on the model of nomological explanation advanced by the logical positivists (a model Bechtel and Richardson found to be utterly inapplicable to the examples from the life sciences in their study). Since then, mechanism and mechanistic explanation have become widely discussed. In a substantive new introduction to this MIT Press edition of their book, Bechtel and Richardson examine both philosophical and scientific developments in research on mechanistic models since 1993.
Автор: Shneiderman Ben Название: The New ABCs of Research ISBN: 0198758839 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780198758839 Издательство: Oxford Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 5780.00 р. Наличие на складе: Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book is a guide for junior researchers, and a manifesto for senior researchers and policy makers about how to update policies to respond to the immense challenges of our times. The guiding principles are to combine applied and basic research in ways that use the methods of science, engineering, and design.
