An analysis of two heuristic strategies for the development of mechanistic models, illustrated with historical examples from the life sciences.
In Discovering Complexity, William Bechtel and Robert Richardson examine two heuristics that guided the development of mechanistic models in the life sciences: decomposition and localization. Drawing on historical cases from disciplines including cell biology, cognitive neuroscience, and genetics, they identify a number of "choice points" that life scientists confront in developing mechanistic explanations and show how different choices result in divergent explanatory models. Describing decomposition as the attempt to differentiate functional and structural components of a system and localization as the assignment of responsibility for specific functions to specific structures, Bechtel and Richardson examine the usefulness of these heuristics as well as their fallibility -- the sometimes false assumption underlying them that nature is significantly decomposable and hierarchically organized.
When Discovering Complexity was originally published in 1993, few philosophers of science perceived the centrality of seeking mechanisms to explain phenomena in biology, relying instead on the model of nomological explanation advanced by the logical positivists (a model Bechtel and Richardson found to be utterly inapplicable to the examples from the life sciences in their study). Since then, mechanism and mechanistic explanation have become widely discussed. In a substantive new introduction to this MIT Press edition of their book, Bechtel and Richardson examine both philosophical and scientific developments in research on mechanistic models since 1993.
Автор: Yunqing Huang; Ralf Kornhuber; Olof Widlund; Jinch Название: Domain Decomposition Methods in Science and Engineering XIX ISBN: 3642265693 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783642265693 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 24456.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: These are the proceedings of the 19th international conference on domain decomposition methods in science and engineering.
Domain decomposition (DD) methods provide powerful tools for constructing parallel numerical solution algorithms for large scale systems of algebraic equations arising from the discretization of partial differential equations. These methods are well-established and belong to a fast developing area. In this volume, the reader will find a brief historical overview, the basic results of the general theory of domain and space decomposition methods as well as the description and analysis of practical DD algorithms for parallel computing. It is typical to find in this volume that most of the presented DD solvers belong to the family of fast algorithms, where each component is efficient with respect to the arithmetical work. Readers will discover new analysis results for both the well-known basic DD solvers and some DD methods recently devised by the authors, e.g., for elliptic problems with varying chaotically piecewise constant orthotropism without restrictions on the finite aspect ratios.
The hp finite element discretizations, in particular, by spectral elements of elliptic equations are given significant attention in current research and applications. This volume is the first to feature all components of Dirichlet-Dirichlet-type DD solvers for hp discretizations devised as numerical procedures which result in DD solvers that are almost optimal with respect to the computational work. The most important DD solvers are presented in the matrix/vector form algorithms that are convenient for practical use.
Автор: Dmytro Iatsenko Название: Nonlinear Mode Decomposition ISBN: 3319200151 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783319200156 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 14365.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This work introduces a new method for analysing measured signals: nonlinear mode decomposition, or NMD. Scientists often need to be able to analyse time series data that include a complex combination of oscillatory modes of differing origin, usually contaminated by random fluctuations or noise.
Описание: Hodge theory is a standard theory in characterizing differential complexes and the topology of manifolds. This text is a study of the Hodge-Kodaira and related decompositions on manifolds with boundary under mainly analytic aspects.
Автор: Ulrich Langer; Marco Discacciati; David E. Keyes; Название: Domain Decomposition Methods in Science and Engineering XVII ISBN: 354075198X ISBN-13(EAN): 9783540751984 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 25853.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Domain decomposition is an active, interdisciplinary research field concerned with the development, analysis, and implementation of coupling and decoupling strategies in mathematical and computational models.
Автор: Jocelyne Erhel; Martin J. Gander; Laurence Halpern Название: Domain Decomposition Methods in Science and Engineering XXI ISBN: 331905788X ISBN-13(EAN): 9783319057880 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 23757.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This volume contains a selection of papers presented at the 21st international conference on domain decomposition methods in science and engineering held in Rennes, France, June 25-29, 2012.
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