Politics of parliamentary pensions in western democracies, Warfelmann, Anna Caroline
Автор: Clark, Gordon L. Название: European Pensions and Global Finance ISBN: 0199253641 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780199253647 Издательство: Oxford Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 4988.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This volume argues that state-sponsored social security will not deliver promised retirement incomes for the baby-boom generation. The author considers the future of pensions and in particular the prospects for a pan-European approach to retirement income provision.
Over the past two decades, China has rapidly increased its spending on its public pension programs, to the point that pension funding is one of the government's largest expenditures. Despite this, only about fifty million citizens—one-third of the country's population above the age of sixty—receive pensions. Combined with the growing and increasingly violent unrest over inequalities brought about by China's reform model, the escalating costs of an aging society have brought the Chinese political leadership to a critical juncture in its economic and social policies.
In Socialist Insecurity, Mark W. Frazier explores pension policy in the People's Republic of China, arguing that the government's push to expand pension and health insurance coverage to urban residents and rural migrants has not reduced, but rather reproduced, economic inequalities. He explains this apparent paradox by analyzing the decisions of the political actors responsible for pension reform: urban officials and state-owned enterprise managers. Frazier shows that China's highly decentralized pension administration both encourages the "grabbing hand" of local officials to collect large amounts of pension and other social insurance revenue and compels redistribution of these revenues to urban pensioners, a crucial political constituency.
More broadly, Socialist Insecurity shows that the inequalities of welfare policy put China in the same quandary as other large uneven developers—countries that have succeeded in achieving rapid growth but with growing economic inequalities. While most explanations of the formation and expansion of welfare states are derived from experience in today's mature welfare systems, developing countries such as China, Frazier argues, provide new terrain to explore how welfare programs evolve, who drives the process, and who sees the greatest benefit.
Why has old-age security become less solidaristic and increasingly tied to risky capitalist markets? Drawing on rich archival data that covers more than fifty years of American history, Michael A. McCarthy argues that the critical driver was policymakers' reactions to capitalist crises and their political imperative to promote capitalist growth.Pension development has followed three paths of marketization in America since the New Deal, each distinct but converging: occupational pension plans were adopted as an alternative to real increases in Social Security benefits after World War II, private pension assets were then financialized and invested into the stock market, and, since the 1970s, traditional pension plans have come to be replaced with riskier 401(k) retirement plans. Comparing each episode of change, Dismantling Solidarity mounts a forceful challenge to common understandings of America’s private pension system and offers an alternative political economy of the welfare state. McCarthy weaves together a theoretical framework that helps to explain pension marketization with structural mechanisms that push policymakers to intervene to promote capitalist growth and avoid capitalist crises and contingent historical factors that both drive them to intervene in the particular ways they do and shape how their interventions bear on welfare change. By emphasizing the capitalist context in which policymaking occurs, McCarthy turns our attention to the structural factors that drive policy change. Dismantling Solidarity is both theoretically and historically detailed and superbly argued, urging the reader to reconsider how capitalism itself constrains policymaking. It will be of interest to sociologists, political scientists, historians, and those curious about the relationship between capitalism and democracy.
Автор: Hennessy Название: The Europeanization of Workplace Pensions ISBN: 1107041058 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781107041059 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 7285.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book examines an area of Europeanization that has been largely ignored by political analysts: the development of an internal market for workplace pensions. Employing statistical analysis, formal modelling, and in-depth case study research, the author highlights the role of informal signalling and communication processes in designing a common pension market.
Описание: Weiss Ratings Guide to Life & Annuity Insurers provides independent, unbiased ratings on the financial strength of 1,000 life and annuity insurers, including companies providing life insurance, annuities, guaranteed investment contracts (GICs) and other pension products.
Автор: Holzmann Robert, Piggott John Название: The Taxation of Pensions ISBN: 0262038323 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780262038324 Издательство: MIT Press Рейтинг: Цена: 6772.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание:
Theoretical and policy perspectives on the taxation of pension, viewed in an international context.
Policy makers and academic researchers have been preoccupied in recent decades with the design of pension schemes and effective pension system reform. Relatively little attention has been given to the taxation of pensions and, more broadly, the provision of retirement income. In this book, experts from a range of countries explore the interconnection. Their contributions are especially timely, given recent demographic and political developments including population aging that lengthens the time between contribution payment and benefit receipt, the mobility of capital and labor brought about by globalization, and the complexity of pension taxation within and between countries.
In shedding light on these issues, the chapters document the various forms of taxation of pension systems; use economic theory to explain both qualitative and quantitative observations; and consider whether the observed interaction of taxation and pensions is efficient. Theoretical overviews are followed by rigorous analyses of pension taxation in specific countries, including Denmark, Sweden, Portugal, Australia, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
Contributors Torben M. Andersen, Spencer Bastani, Hazel Bateman, S ren Blomquist, Axel B rsch-Supan, Jorge Miguel Bravo, Gary Burtless, Rafal Chomik, Helmuth Cremer, Carl Emmerson, Csaba Feher, Bernd Genser, Robert Holzmann, Paul Johnson, Alain Jousten, Christian Keuschnigg, Eric Koepcke, George Kudrna, Jukka Lassila, Luca Micheletto, Pierre Pestieau, John Piggott, Christopher Quinn, Tarmo Valkonen, Alan Woodland
Pension fund benefits are crucial for pensioners' welfare and pension fund savings have accumulated to huge amounts, covering a major part of world-wide institutional investments. However, the literature on pension fund economics and finance is rather limited, caused, in part, to limited data availability. This book contributes to this literature and focuses on three important areas. The first is pension fund (in)efficiency, which has a huge impact on final benefits, particularly when annual spoilage accumulates over a lifetime. Scale economies, pension plans complexity and alternative pension saving plans are important issues.
The second area is investment behavior and risk-taking. A key question refers to the allocation of investments over high risk/high return and relatively safe assets. Bikker investigates whether pension funds follow the life-cycle hypothesis: more risk and return for pension funds with young participants. Many pension funds are rather limited in size, which may raise the question how financially sophisticated the pension fund decision makers are: rather professionals or closer to unskilled private persons?
The third field concerns two regulation issues. How do pension fund respond to shocks such as unexpected investment returns or changes in life expectancy? What are the welfare implications to the beneficiary for different methods of securing pension funding: solvency requirements, a pension guarantee fund, or sponsor support?
This groundbreaking book will challenge the way pension fund economics is thought about and practiced.
Why has old-age security become less solidaristic and increasingly tied to risky capitalist markets? Drawing on rich archival data that covers more than fifty years of American history, Michael A. McCarthy argues that the critical driver was policymakers' reactions to capitalist crises and their political imperative to promote capitalist growth.Pension development has followed three paths of marketization in America since the New Deal, each distinct but converging: occupational pension plans were adopted as an alternative to real increases in Social Security benefits after World War II, private pension assets were then financialized and invested into the stock market, and, since the 1970s, traditional pension plans have come to be replaced with riskier 401(k) retirement plans. Comparing each episode of change, Dismantling Solidarity mounts a forceful challenge to common understandings of America’s private pension system and offers an alternative political economy of the welfare state. McCarthy weaves together a theoretical framework that helps to explain pension marketization with structural mechanisms that push policymakers to intervene to promote capitalist growth and avoid capitalist crises and contingent historical factors that both drive them to intervene in the particular ways they do and shape how their interventions bear on welfare change. By emphasizing the capitalist context in which policymaking occurs, McCarthy turns our attention to the structural factors that drive policy change. Dismantling Solidarity is both theoretically and historically detailed and superbly argued, urging the reader to reconsider how capitalism itself constrains policymaking. It will be of interest to sociologists, political scientists, historians, and those curious about the relationship between capitalism and democracy.
Автор: Gass Название: Ecclesiastical Pensions ISBN: 0813223466 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780813223469 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Цена: 8316.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: CUA Press is proud to announce the CUA Studies in Canon Law. In conjunction with the School of Canon Law of the Catholic University of America, we are making available, both digitally and in print, more than 400 canon law dissertations from the 1920s to 1960s, many of which have long been unavailable.These volumes are rich in historical content, yet remain relevant to canon lawyers today. Topics covered include such issues as abortion, excommunication, and infertility. Several studies are devoted to marriage and the annulment process; the acquiring and disposal of church property, including the union of parishes; the role and function of priests, vicars general, bishops, and cardinals; and juridical procedures within the church.For those who seek to understand current ecclesial practices in light of established canon law, these books will be an invaluable resource.
Let's be honest, Social Security can be complicated.
Social Security is vital to many people's retirement plans. Yet is so shrouded in uncertainty. There are so many different rules, income limitations, age requirements, cut-offs, and so on that it can drive a person mad.
Your choices influence the size of your Social Security checks and making mistakes could accidentally shrink them.
Understanding how your decisions affect your Social Security benefits can help you avoid devastating mistakes that could cost you tens of thousands of dollars over your retirement. Or cost you and your family important benefits.
Find out what's important to you and get the information you need...Read on to learn all you need to know about Social Security.
Here is just a tiny amount of what you will discover inside:
The BEST Age to file for Social Security
Avoid depending on your children, family, relatives, or the community
How to calculate Your Social Security Benefits (3 Easy Steps)
Social Security Mistakes that have BIG consequences
Why early retirement could be an expensive mistake and the secret to maximum benefits (patience pays off)
How to easily apply for Social Security within twenty minutes
The MAIN reason why people stop receiving disability benefits and how to avoid it
The Four Parts of Medicare and what they mean for you
Are Social Security benefits taxed?
The best ways to make your claim decisions much easier and quicker
What to do when your claim is denied
And much, much more..
Social Security encompasses more than just retirement benefits, and the more you know, the more money you might collect from it.
It can seem confusing and this book will help you in making the best decision for you instead of relying on some generic advice you find online or hear on the TV.
Описание: This is a topical area for the courts, which have moved to imply various limitations or tests on decision makers powers and when they can be challenged. This is made more difficult for lay users and lawyers alike in that implied restrictions are (by definition) not apparent from the words of the relevant contract itself. These limits are applied by the courts not just to fiduciaries (such as trustees or directors), but also to non-fiduciaries (eg banks and employers).Recent case law includes:· Pitt v Holt (SC) – trustee decisions (2013)· Braganza (SC) – contractual discretions (2015)· Eclairs (SC) – directors powers: proper purposes (2015)· IBM UK Holdings v Dalgleish (CA) – employer powers under pension plans (2017)· British Airways (CA)– pension plan – proper purposes (2018)The book reviews the relevant doctrines of:· Interpretation rules· Proper purposes;· Due consideration of relevant factors· Full perversity (no reasonable decision maker)
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