In the mid-nineteenth century, the Paris we know today was born, the vision of two extraordinary men: the endlessly ambitious Emperor Napol on III and his unstoppable accomplice, Baron Haussmann. This is the vivid and engrossing account of the greatest transformation of a major city in modern history.
Traditionally known as a dirty, congested, and dangerous city, Paris was transformed in an extraordinary period from 1848 to 1870, when the government launched a huge campaign to build streets, squares, parks, churches, and public buildings. The Louvre Palace was expanded, Notre-Dame Cathedral was restored, and the masterpiece of the Second Empire, the Op ra Garnier, was built. A very large part of what we see when we visit Paris today originates from this short span of twenty-two years.
The vision for the new Paris belonged to Napol on III, who had led a long and difficult climb to absolute power. But his plans faltered until he brought in a civil servant, Georges-Eug ne Haussmann, to take charge of the implementation. Heedless of controversy, at tremendous cost, Haussmann pressed ahead with the giant undertaking until, in 1870, his political enemies brought him down, just months before the collapse of the whole regime brought about the end of an era.
Stephane Kirkland's Paris Reborn is a must-read for anyone who ever wondered how Paris, the city universally admired as a standard of urban beauty, became what it is.
Автор: Kirkland Justin B. Название: Jb Pumpernikel Vs the Sock Monster ISBN: 0615814565 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780615814568 Издательство: Неизвестно Цена: 948.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Автор: Kirkland Caroline M. Название: Western Clearings. ISBN: 1275691404 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781275691407 Издательство: Неизвестно Цена: 3690.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Автор: Kirkland Anna Название: Vaccine Court: The Law and Politics of Injury ISBN: 1479876933 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781479876938 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 5518.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание:
A behind-the-scenes examination of the special court dedicated to claims that vaccines have caused harm The so-called vaccine court is a small special court in the United States Court of Federal Claims that handles controversial claims that a vaccine has harmed someone. While vaccines in general are extremely safe and effective, some people still suffer severe vaccine reactions and bring their claims to vaccine court. In this court, lawyers, activists, judges, doctors, and scientists come together, sometimes arguing bitterly, trying to figure out whether a vaccine really caused a person’s medical problem. In Vaccine Court, Anna Kirkland draws on the trials of the vaccine court to explore how legal institutions resolve complex scientific questions. What are vaccine injuries, and how do we come to recognize them? What does it mean to transform these questions into a legal problem and funnel them through a special national vaccine court, as we do in the US? What does justice require for vaccine injury claims, and how can we deliver it? These are highly contested questions, and the terms in which they have been debated over the last forty years are highly revealing of deeper fissures in our society over motherhood, community, health, harm, and trust in authority. While many scholars argue that it’s foolish to let judges and lawyers decide medical claims about vaccines, Kirkland argues that our political and legal response to vaccine injury claims shows how well legal institutions can handle specialized scientific matters. Vaccine Court is an accessible and thorough account of what the vaccine court is, why we have it, and what it does.
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