Автор: Carter, Barry E. Название: International economic sanctions ISBN: 0521067065 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780521067065 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 5069.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This is a comprehensive analysis of the myriad US laws for imposing economic sanctions for foreign policy reasons. Against a broad range of target countries, the United States has resorted increasingly to a variety of economic pressures as a major tool in its foreign policy. Examples include South Africa, Panama, Libya, Nicaragua, the Soviet Union, Poland and Iran.
Описание: This book focuses on the World Bank’s sanctions system, which is an innovative instrument of global governance implemented by the leading multilateral development bank in order to impose penalties on legal entities and individuals that are involved in Bank-financed projects. Although similar regimes have also been implemented by other regional multilateral development banks, the World Bank’s legal framework is currently the most comprehensive one.The book offers a rich and detailed analysis of the sanctions system, presenting an in-depth examination of all the phases of its procedure with a special focus on key aspects such as the criteria for assigning liability to legal entities and corporate groups, as well as the World Bank’s jurisdictional reach over non-contractors. The book also explores the compatibility between the legal framework implemented by the Bank and the rule of law, the role of precedents, and the level of due process. It highlights the fact that the sanctions system is currently characterized by a lack of legal guarantees, and that there are compelling reasons for supporting the argument that due process safeguards should be applied to it in their entirety. To that end, the book conducts a thorough analysis of specific procedural aspects such as the right to a hearing, the right to evidence disclosure, the time limit regime, the standard of proof and shift of the burden of proof, the evidential value of a party’s silence, and the consistency and predictability of the World Bank’s sentencing practice. The study is conducted on the basis of a detailed and painstaking examination of the most relevant decisions taken by the Sanctions Board, providing the first-ever commentary on the World Bank’s case law.
Описание: First in a series examining connections between international and public law, this book discusses the difficulties inherent in implementing international sanctions in domestic arenas. What tensions emerge from efforts to enforce international law across diverse national jurisdictions? Do domestic public law principles strengthen or undermine efforts to implement international law?
Автор: Matthew Happold, Paul Eden Название: Economic Sanctions and International Law ISBN: 1849465908 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781849465908 Издательство: Bloomsbury Academic Рейтинг: Цена: 11088.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: In recent years sanctions have become an increasingly popular tool of foreign policy, not only at the multilateral level (at the UN), but also regionally (the EU in particular) and unilaterally. The nature of the measures imposed has also changed: from comprehensive sanctions regimes (discredited since Iraq in the 1990s) to ‘targeted’ or ‘smart’ sanctions, directed at specific individuals or entities (through asset freezes and travel bans) or prohibiting particular activities (arms embargoes and export bans). Bringing together scholars, government and private practitioners, Economic Sanctions and International Law provides an overview of recent developments and an analysis of the problems that they have engendered. Chapters examine the contemporary practice of the various actors, and the legality (or otherwise) of their activities. Issues considered include the human rights of persons targeted, and the mechanisms established to challenge their listing; as well as, in cases of sanctions imposed by regional organisations and individual states, the rights of third States and their nationals. The book will be of interest to scholars and practitioners of international law and politics.
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