Understanding and Avoiding the Oil Curse in Resource-rich Arab Economies, Ibrahim Elbadawi, Hoda Selim
Автор: Ascher William Louis Название: Understanding the Policymaking Process in Developing Countri ISBN: 1108405517 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781108405515 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 5069.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book provides a uniquely comprehensive and practical guide to help development practitioners, leaders, activists, and students to diagnose and improve policy processes in developing countries. It covers a wide range of issues and challenges, including aborted programs and projects, policy impasses, distorted implementation, unnecessary harm and conflict, and shortsighted initiatives.
Автор: John Lowry Название: Avoiding Carbon Apocalypse Through Alternative Energy ISBN: 3319521942 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783319521947 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 15372.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This important book lays bare the dangers of global warming caused by carbon dioxide emissions stemming from fossil fuel use, and proposes pathways toward mitigation. A discussion of the current main uses of fossil fuels acts as a basis for presenting viable, economically sound alternatives.
Описание: Since many policymakers aspire to pull their countries out of the middle-income trap and into the ranks of high-income countries, they must understand the factors that hinder or support the transition. This book defines the middle-income trap and examines the roles of manufacturing, finance, and trade openness in achieving sustainable development. The book also explores the role of government policy in fostering growth in the People’s Republic of China. A common theme is that such policies may have unforeseen side effects that undermine their effectiveness, including how the hukou registration system and land-use policy control the pace of urbanization.
Описание: Sub-Saharan Africa's natural resource-rich countries have poor human development. Children in these countries are more likely to die before their first birthday, more likely to be stunted, and less likely to attend school than children in other countries with similar income. Despite the current price downturn, extractives will remain an important part of Sub-Saharan Africa's growth story--using resource rents wisely remains a long term challenge. Governments must choose how to allocate resource rents between spending, investing in human or physical capital, or investing in global financial assets. The return to investing in physical and human capital will be high in countries where the capital stock is low. Moreover, higher levels of human capital make investments in physical capital more productive, which suggests that the optimal portfolio will involve investing in both. Human capital should be prioritized in many of Sub-Saharan Africa's resource-rich countries because of the low starting point. Investing effectively in human capital is hard because it involves delivering services, which means coordinating a large number of actors and activities. Three dimensions of governance are key: institutions, incentives and information. Decentralization and leveraging the private sector are entry points to reforming institutional structures. Revenues from natural resources can fund financial incentives to strengthen performance or demand. Producing information, making it available, and increasing social accountability helps citizens understand their rights and hold governments and providers accountable. Improving the quality of education and health services is central to improving human capital. Two additional areas are promising. First, early child development--mother and newborn health, and early child nutrition, care, and education--improves outcomes in childhood and later on. Second, cash transfers--either conditional or unconditional--reduce poverty, increase household investments in child education, nutrition, and health, and increase the investment in productive assets which foster further income generation.
Описание: The `oil curse` is a common phrase used to describe how oil-rich Arab countries often fall behind others in terms of economic growth. In this book, leading economists provide fresh insight into how resource-dependent Arab countries can best exploit their oil revenues through macroeconomic management, industrial policy and political reforms.
Описание: This highlights the drawbacks of possessing natural mineral resources. These can quickly become a curse on the ore-exporting economies of developing countries leading to drainage of resources and the faltering of long term growth
Описание: Sovereign Wealth Funds in Resource Economies explains the fiscal rules and institutional structures that can make SWFs thrive, providing a practical and theoretical guide to their optimal use in resource-revenue management. Khalid Alsweilem and Malan Rietveld`s institutional perspective examines both investment and disbursement strategies.
Описание: Strengthening Domestic Resource Mobilization: Moving from Theory to Practice in Low- and Middle-Income Countries analyzes the present status of government revenues and presents policy and administrative options relevant to these settings. The authors call for a joint consideration of tax and expenditure policy to enhance the likelihood of success in ensuring revenue sufficiency for sustained economic and social development. Increased domestic revenues can only lead to improved development outcomes if they are translated into productive and beneficial public expenditures. Public spending plays a key role in the economic growth and development in low- and middle-income countries. When revenue and expenditure reforms are embedded in broader public financial management reforms, Domestic resource mobilization becomes a development tool to support sustainable, inclusive development. The role of subnational governments in revenue mobilization and service delivery expenditure must also be included in the revenue mobilization agenda. The authors discuss the challenges of funding the Sustainable Development Goals, present revenue trends, explore reasons for continued revenue gaps and approaches to revenue augmentation, and detail issues in tax structure reform and initiatives to modernize tax administration. They provide a broad landscape of practical examples, drawing from lessons learned in World Bank operations across Global Practices in recent decades. The authors intend this publication to be a starting point for a more comprehensive research agenda rather than a complete inventory in itself.
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