Описание: Addressing the debate around what makes a good citizen, this work proposes a new form of post-colonial citizenship education which can be applied in any cultural setting. International educational partnerships provide the opportunity for participants to live out values such as cultural empathy and thus demonstrate their right to citizenship.
Автор: Topal Название: Boosting Competitiveness Through Decentralization ISBN: 1138268623 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781138268623 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 5205.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Decentralization is accepted as one of the defining features of the third wave of democratic transitions in Latin America and commonly understood as an index and an agent of democratization. This rather optimistic perspective is inherent in the literature which is dominated by two theories. The liberal-individualist approach, especially as advocated by the World Bank, promotes decentralization policies on the premise of their efficiency, equity, and responsiveness to local demands. Similarly, the statist approach claims that decentralization can be the route to greater accountability, transparency and participation in governance; they add that this path should be guided by political elites and institutions. These dominant views nevertheless understate the extent to which certain decentralization policies have been implemented in lockstep with neoliberalization. This book examines the relationship between global economic processes and decentralization. It argues that through decentralization policies, the imperatives of neoliberal rules of competitiveness have been diffused into local governments and economies, generating different local development models. Whether decentralization produces democratic opening at the local level is contingent on how the local economy is integrated into global economic processes, and which social and economic groups are empowered, and disempowered, in that transition.
Название: ADB Through the Decades: ADB`s Third Decade (1987–1996) ISBN: 9292579215 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789292579210 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 2759.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: The 5-volume publication, ADB through the Decades, provides a historical account of how ADB has evolved to respond to the dynamic changes across the Asia and Pacific region over the past 5 decades. This third volume from the series presents ADB's response to expert recommendations for a new role for ADB in the 1990s, and greater emphasis on effectiveness in the delivery of development assistance. The growth momentum within the region continued. Intraregional trade and investment grew rapidly as Asian economies drew increasing strength from within the region. Interest was growing both within and outside Asia to understand and assess policy recipes for rapid and sustained “miracle growth.” The decade opened with recommendations from a panel of eminent development experts for a new role for ADB in the 1990s. Donor expectations evolved and placed greater emphasis on aid effectiveness of development assistance. In response, ADB strengthened internal procedures and gave greater attention to project quality. ADB moved to a new headquarters to centralize its operations. New members joined from Central Asia and some existing but nonactive members renewed their regular links with ADB. Lending picked up considerably while regional activities began to grow.
Название: ADB Through the Decades: ADB`s Second Decade (1977–1986) ISBN: 9292579150 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789292579159 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 2508.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: The 5-volume publication, ADB through the Decades, provides a historical account of how ADB has evolved to respond to the dynamic changes across the Asia and Pacific region over the past 5 decades. This second volume from the series shows how ADB responded to the growing diversity among its developing member countries as both membership and operations widened during 1977-1986. The Asia and Pacific region continued to grow despite a difficult external global environment, demonstrating resilience after a second oil shock and the international debt crisis that followed. This volume shows how ADB responded to the growing diversity among its developing member countries. During this decade, ADB sought to position itself as a “regional resource center” with a broader role of providing not only financial assistance but becoming a center of new thinking on development issues in the region. ADB moved closer to the ground by opening its first Resident Office in Bangladesh in 1982. New lending products were introduced, including program and sector lending, direct lending to private sector without government guarantees, and equity investment. As the decade closed, two key historical landmarks occurred: ADB made its first loan to India, and the People’s Republic of China became a member.
Название: ADB Through the Decades: ADB`s First Decade (1966–1976) ISBN: 9292579134 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789292579135 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 2508.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: The 5-volume publication, ADB through the Decades, provides a historical account of how ADB has evolved to respond to the dynamic changes across the Asia and Pacific region over the past 5 decades. This first volume from the series explains how the idea of a regional development bank for Asia emerged and gained support, and how ADB established itself as a sound and credible institution. When ADB was established in 1966, the Asia and Pacific region was undergoing a process of deep change. Several countries gained independence and a sense of regional identity was emerging. The region was defined by poverty and feeding people remained a primary concern, even while the Green Revolution was under way. The first oil crisis in 1973 tested many Asian economies. This volume explains the beginnings of a regional development bank for Asia. During its formative years, ADB dealt with administrative, organizational, and funding issues to establish itself as a sound and credible institution. ADB’s first President, Takeshi Watanabe, envisioned ADB’s role as Asia’s “family doctor.” The Bank conducted several studies to have a fuller understanding of the region before lending on energy, transport, agriculture, and finance gained momentum during the latter half of the first decade.
Название: ADB Through the Decades: ADB`s Fourth Decade (1997–2006) ISBN: 9292579231 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789292579234 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 3010.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: The 5-volume publication, ADB through the Decades, provides a historical account of how ADB has evolved to respond to the dynamic changes across the Asia and Pacific region over the past 5 decades. This fourth volume from the series presents how ADB responded to rapid changes in the region following the Asian financial crisis and the changes in international development thinking. The 1997 Asian financial crisis hit the region and became a defining moment for Asia and ADB. As ADB participated in coordinated crisis responses, Asian policy-makers reassessed their economic policies in a fundamental way. This volume presents how ADB met the challenges of designing strategies to respond to rapid changes in the region following the Asian financial crisis and changes in international development thinking. Several important policies and strategies were approved, including ADB’s Poverty Reduction Strategy as well as ADB’s first Long-Term Strategic Framework to 2015. ADB embarked on two major reorganizations (in 2002 and 2006) and committed to an internal reform agenda to be a more responsive, relevant, and results-oriented organization.
Название: ADB Through the Decades: ADB`s Fifth Decade (2007–2016) ISBN: 9292579258 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789292579258 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 3260.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: The 5-volume publication, ADB through the Decades, provides a historical account of how ADB has evolved to respond to the dynamic changes across the Asia and Pacific region over the past 5 decades. This fifth volume from the series presents ADB's response to intensified development challenges, a more ambitious global development agenda, and the emergence of new sources of development finance. Asia proved resilient to the effects of the 2008–2009 global financial crisis, but sustaining rapid growth became more difficult afterward. Development challenges intensified, the global development agenda became more ambitious, and new sources of development finance emerged. This volume shows how ADB continued to reform to meet these challenges. A new long-term strategic framework, Strategy 2020, was launched in 2008, to respond to the changing needs of the region. A midterm review of Strategy 2020 was released in 2014, further refining and adjusting priorities in order for ADB to remain relevant and responsive to borrowers. Various organizational changes were introduced, internal business processes were improved, and several new instruments were adopted as part of ADB’s efforts to become “stronger, better, faster.” ADB’s lending capacity expanded significantly, with the fifth general capital increase in 2009, followed by the unique and groundbreaking combination of the Asian Development Fund portfolio with the ordinary capital resources balance sheet approved in 2015.
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