By the middle of the fourteenth century, Christian control of the Iberian Peninsula extended to the borders of the emirate of Granada, whose Muslim rulers acknowledged Castilian suzerainty. No longer threatened by Moroccan incursions, the kings of Castile were diverted from completing the Reconquest by civil war and conflicts with neighboring Christian kings. Mindful, however, of their traditional goal of recovering lands formerly ruled by the Visigoths, whose heirs they claimed to be, the Castilian monarchs continued intermittently to assault Granada until the late fifteenth century. Matters changed thereafter, when Fernando and Isabel launched a decade-long effort to subjugate Granada. Utilizing artillery and expending vast sums of money, they methodically conquered each Na?rid stronghold until the capitulation of the city of Granada itself in 1492. Effective military and naval organization and access to a diversity of financial resources, joined with papal crusading benefits, facilitated the final conquest. Throughout, the Na?rids had emphasized the urgency of a jih?d waged against the Christian infidels, while the Castilians affirmed that the expulsion of the "enemies of our Catholic faith" was a necessary, just, and holy cause. The fundamentally religious character of this last stage of conflict cannot be doubted, Joseph F. O'Callaghan argues.
Описание: Philosophers will be richly rewarded by reading John O’Callaghan’s new book, Thomistic Realism and the Linguistic Turn. Based on his broad knowledge of Aristotle and Aquinas, O’Callaghan provides not only an excellent treatment of Aquinas’s epistemology but also a superb demonstration of just how Aquinas might contribute to contemporary debates. Traditionally, the camps of realism and idealism fiercely engaged one another in the field of epistemology. Thomists participated in confronting idealism from their unique realist position. Post-Wittgenstein, the conflict has been dominated by a form of epistemology that grounds all knowledge in linguistic practice. Since Thomists work in a textual and historical mode, their response to the technical approach of the analytic philosophy in which most of the linguistic epistemologists write has been slow in coming. O’Callaghan expertly closes that gap by successfully bringing together these fields.
Автор: O`Neil-O`Callaghan Jeanette Название: Matrose: The Story of Reinhold Scholz ISBN: 0692257322 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780692257326 Издательство: Неизвестно Рейтинг: Цена: 6406.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Автор: O`Callaghan James F. Название: No Circuses: Novel ISBN: 0692263926 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780692263921 Издательство: Неизвестно Цена: 2405.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: American Foreign Service Officers abroad ought not to organize anti-American demonstrations, but young Max Lacey does so from love of country. It makes sense in the magical, dysfunctional, Republic of Enga ada, where imagination supplies what history has denied.
Early in his diplomatic career Lacey arrives in the port city of Alcal as Director of the Enga adan-American Cultural Center. He finds a decaying building, a spaced-out Academic Director, an unhelpful Embassy supervisor in the distant capital, and internal plots against the nearly-bankrupt Center. With the help of his imaginative local staff (very much including the lovely Rosa Fuentes Serena), and inspired by the visit of larger-than-life Cultural Affairs Officer Harvey Tyrone, he makes progress until exiled President Espejo returns to challenge the military government. Convoluted Enga adan politics then present new dilemmas and dangers: Max can serve U.S. interests by saving the Center, but only if he undermines the U.S. Ambassador.
As he agonizes over opposing loyalties to his country, he develops new loyalties to the people of Enga ada. When civil war threatens he makes his fateful choice, ending up with more romance and adventure, and a briefer diplomatic career, than he ever dreamed.
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