Political Fallout is the story of one of the first human-driven, truly global environmental crises—radioactive fallout from nuclear weapons testing during the Cold War—and the international response. Beginning in 1945, the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union detonated hundreds of nuclear weapons in the atmosphere, scattering a massive amount of radioactivity across the globe. The scale of contamination was so vast, and radioactive decay so slow, that the cumulative effect on humans and the environment is still difficult to fully comprehend.
The international debate over nuclear fallout turned global radioactive contamination into an environmental issue, eventually leading the nuclear superpowers to sign the landmark Partial Test Ban Treaty (PTBT) in 1963. Bringing together environmental history and Cold War history, Toshihiro Higuchi argues that the PTBT, originally proposed as an arms control measure, transformed into a dual-purpose initiative to check the nuclear arms race and radioactive pollution simultaneously. Higuchi draws on sources in English, Russian, and Japanese, considering both the epistemic differences that emerged in different scientific communities in the 1950s and the way that public consciousness around the risks of radioactive fallout influenced policy in turn. Political Fallout addresses the implications of science and policymaking in the Anthropocene—an era in which humans are confronting environmental changes of their own making.
Автор: Balloffet Lily Pearl Название: Argentina in the Global Middle East ISBN: 1503611744 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781503611740 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 16302.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
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Argentina lies at the heart of the American hemisphere's history of global migration booms of the mid-nineteenth to early twentieth century: by 1910, one of every three Argentine residents was an immigrant—twice the demographic impact that the United States experienced in the boom period. In this context, some one hundred and forty thousand Ottoman Syrians came to Argentina prior to World War I, and over the following decades Middle Eastern communities, institutions, and businesses dotted the landscape of Argentina from bustling Buenos Aires to Argentina's most remote frontiers.
Argentina in the Global Middle East connects modern Latin American and Middle Eastern history through their shared links to global migration systems. By following the mobile lives of individuals with roots in the Levantine Middle East, Lily Pearl Balloffet sheds light on the intersections of ethnicity, migrant–homeland ties, and international relations. Ranging from the nineteenth century boom in transoceanic migration to twenty-first century dynamics of large-scale migration and displacement in the Arabic-speaking Eastern Mediterranean, this book considers key themes such as cultural production, philanthropy, anti-imperial activism, and financial networks over the course of several generations of this diasporic community. Balloffet's study situates this transregional history of Argentina and the Middle East within a larger story of South-South alliances, solidarities, and exchanges.
World War I utterly transformed the lives of Jews around the world: it allowed them to display their patriotism, to dispel antisemitic myths about Jewish cowardice, and to fight for Jewish rights. Yet Jews also suffered as refugees and deportees, at times catastrophically. And in the aftermath of the war, the replacement of the Habsburg Monarchy and the Russian and Ottoman Empires with a system of nation-states confronted Jews with a new set of challenges. This book provides a fascinating survey of the ways in which Jewish communities participated in and were changed by the Great War, focusing on the dramatic circumstances they faced in Europe, North America, and the Middle East during and after the conflict.
Political Fallout is the story of one of the first human-driven, truly global environmental crises—radioactive fallout from nuclear weapons testing during the Cold War—and the international response. Beginning in 1945, the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union detonated hundreds of nuclear weapons in the atmosphere, scattering a massive amount of radioactivity across the globe. The scale of contamination was so vast, and radioactive decay so slow, that the cumulative effect on humans and the environment is still difficult to fully comprehend.
The international debate over nuclear fallout turned global radioactive contamination into an environmental issue, eventually leading the nuclear superpowers to sign the landmark Partial Test Ban Treaty (PTBT) in 1963. Bringing together environmental history and Cold War history, Toshihiro Higuchi argues that the PTBT, originally proposed as an arms control measure, transformed into a dual-purpose initiative to check the nuclear arms race and radioactive pollution simultaneously. Higuchi draws on sources in English, Russian, and Japanese, considering both the epistemic differences that emerged in different scientific communities in the 1950s and the way that public consciousness around the risks of radioactive fallout influenced policy in turn. Political Fallout addresses the implications of science and policymaking in the Anthropocene—an era in which humans are confronting environmental changes of their own making.
Описание: Higher education exchange between America and the Middle East is a comparatively recent development, but the colorful history of circumstances and events that preceded the relationship is ancient and deep. Here, Bevis explores the multifarious and intriguing story from antiquity to the end of the twentieth century.
Even the most seasoned Middle East observers were taken aback by the events of early 2011. Protests born of oppression and socioeconomic frustration erupted throughout the streets; public unrest provoked violent police backlash; long-established dictatorships fell. How did this all happen? What might the future look like, and what are the likely ramifications for the United States and the rest of the world? In The Arab Awakening, experts from the Brookings Institution tackle such questions to make sense of this tumultuous region that remains at the heart of U.S. national interests.
The first portion of The Arab Awakening offers broad lessons by analyzing key aspects of the Mideast turmoil, such as public opinion trends within the Arab Street; the role of social media and technology; socioeconomic and demographic conditions; the influence of Islamists; and the impact of the new political order on the Arab-Israeli peace process.
The next section looks at the countries themselves, finding commonalties and grouping them according to the political evolutions that have (or have not) occurred in each country. The section offers insight into the current situation, and possible trajectory of each group of countries, followed by individual nation studies.
The Arab Awakening brings the full resources of Brookings to bear on making sense of what may turn out to be the most significant geopolitical movement of this generation. It is essential reading for anyone looking to understand these developments and their consequences.
World War I utterly transformed the lives of Jews around the world: it allowed them to display their patriotism, to dispel antisemitic myths about Jewish cowardice, and to fight for Jewish rights. Yet Jews also suffered as refugees and deportees, at times catastrophically. And in the aftermath of the war, the replacement of the Habsburg Monarchy and the Russian and Ottoman Empires with a system of nation-states confronted Jews with a new set of challenges. This book provides a fascinating survey of the ways in which Jewish communities participated in and were changed by the Great War, focusing on the dramatic circumstances they faced in Europe, North America, and the Middle East during and after the conflict.
Описание: This book presents peer-reviewed texts from the International Peace Research Association’s Ecology and Peace Commission: M.I. Abazie-Humphrey (Nigeria) reviews “Nigeria’s Home-Grown DDR Programme”; C. Christian and H. Speight (USA) analyse “Water, Cooperation, and Peace in the Palestinian West Bank”; T. Galaviz (Mexico) discusses “The Peace Process Mediation Network between the Colombian Government and the April 19th Movement”; S.E. Serrano Oswald (Mexico) examines “Social Resilience and Intangible Cultural Heritage: Case Study in Mexico”; A. F. Rashid (Pakistan) and F. Feng (China) focus on “Community Perceptions of Ecological Disturbances Caused During Terrorists Invasion and Counter-insurgency Operations in Swat, Pakistan”; M. Yoshii (Japan) examines “Structure of Discrimination in Japan’s Nuclear Export” and finally, S. Takemine (Japan) discusses “‘Global Hibakusha’ and the Invisible Victims of US Nuclear Testing in the Marshall Islands”.
Описание: Details the cultural history and personal stories behind an iconic figure of Cold War masculinity - the fallout shelter father. Thomas Bishop demonstrates that the nuclear crisis years of 1957 to 1963 were not just pivotal for the history of international relations but were also a transitional moment in the social histories of American fatherhood.
Автор: Abdel-khalik, A Rashad (univ Of Illinois At Urbana-champaign,usa) Название: Brazen: big banks, swap mania and the fallout ISBN: 9811203121 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789811203121 Издательство: World Scientific Publishing Рейтинг: Цена: 4752.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание:
For nearly two decades, countless non-profits in the U.S. were forced to pay big banks enormous sums of money to settle or terminate bilateral contracts known as Interest Rate Swaps (IRSs). Officials at non-profits had entered into these costly contracts unaware that each contract has only one winner, and that big banks did not intend to be the losers.
The effects of such monetary transfers have been catastrophic. Money-strapped non-profits had to dismiss schoolteachers, shut off water supply to thousands of poor households, and downsize many other essential public services. Local and state governments, public school districts, universities, hospitals and transit authorities from New York to Los Angeles have been among the largest hit.
This book presents selected cases and highlights the lack of evidence that decision makers at non-profits had fully understood the terms and complexities of IRSs. The evident unequal bargaining power thus gives rise to the high likelihood of unconscionable contracting. Additionally, for terminating these contracts, big banks collected huge sums of money for services that had not been, and will never be, rendered. Accordingly, questions arise as to whether these termination payments are tantamount to unjust enrichment.
Описание: The atomic bomb was the unnecessary product of mistrust and deceit between World War II allies--resulting in a threat of nuclear war that still haunts us today. Between December 1943 and August 1944, Franklin Delano Roosevelt and Winston Churchill ignited the Cold War by building an atomic bomb, even though they were confident by then that Germany, the notional target of the bomb, had no weapon of its own. Nevertheless, a series of lies, pretenses and deceptions between the Allies resulted in the most dangerous killing machine in history. The Americans did not tell the UK that the atomic research was compromised by Soviet spies; the British did not tell the Americans that in 1943 they knew for sure that Germany did not have a nuclear bomb program. And neither country admitted this to the scientists developing the bomb. Had they done so, many of the scientists, knowing the destructive power of the bomb, would have refused to build it. Peter Watson recounts this pulse-pounding story of military overreach, which led to the development of an unnecessary weapon that, once it existed, was inevitably going to be deployed. He shows how politicians fatally failed to understand the nature of atomic science and, in so doing, needlessly exposed the world to great danger--a danger that is still very much with us today.
Автор: , Rashad A. K. Название: Brazen: Big Banks, Swap Mania and the Fallout ISBN: 9813275561 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789813275560 Издательство: World Scientific Publishing Рейтинг: Цена: от 4792.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть
Описание: Following the 2008 Financial Crisis, news broke that big banks in the US were collecting hundreds of billions of dollars from non-profit parties. These enormous sums represented annual settlement and termination payments for bilateral contracts known as Interest Rate Swaps (IRSs). Starting in the late 1990s, big banks targeted non-profits for massive sales of all types of such contracts. Non-profits ended up being perennial losers, eventually owing enormous sums of money to the banks for nothing received.The effects of such monetary transfers have been disastrous -- money-strapped non-profits had to dismiss schoolteachers, shut off water supply to thousands of poor households and downsize many other essential public services. For example, over 108 public school districts and 105 government agencies in the state of Pennsylvania suffered massive losses because of dealing in IRSs. Local and state governments, universities, hospitals and transit authorities from New York to San Francisco have been and are among the largest hit. Moreover, about 500 hospitals ranging from charity to large healthcare centers became victims of bank-generated swap contracts. Members of the Service Employee International Union identified the curse of IRS payments to big banks as being 'Money for Nothing.'This book discusses selective cases of the costly undertaking of many, many non-profits whose officials were not informed that an IRS contract has only one winner, and that big banks had no intention of being the losers. The author lends support that, curiously, officials of non-profits relied heavily on the banks' self-serving representations with respect to IRS contracts. There is no evidence that any of these officials, and their advisors, fully understood the complexities, terms and nuances of IRS contracts offered by big banks. As a result, the contracting parties did not have equal bargaining power. Therefore, should not IRS contracts with non-profits be considered unconscionable contracts? Moreover, once an IRS is terminated, the presumed services of hedging, managing risk and betting would terminate. Thus, the huge sums of money big banks had collected for termination, based on the duration from the time of termination to maturity, were taken for services that had not been, and will never be, rendered. Could one then consider these termination payments tantamount to unjust enrichment?
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