Preliminary Overview of the Economies of Latin America and the Caribbean 2015, United Narions Economic and Social Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean
Описание: Reviews international and regional developments from a trade perspective, describing the principal global economic trends and structural changes in international trade, the main areas of trade growth and the changes these drive in the region. This edition examines how a third consecutive year of increasing declines in regional export values has affected the region.
Автор: United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean Название: Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean 2015 ISBN: 9213290233 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789213290231 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 14276.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: The Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean of ECLAC presents a set of basic statistics on the economic, sociodemographic and environmental situation of the region during a specific time period. This edition of the Yearbook includes information available up to mid-December 2014, and it comprises four chapters. The first covers demographic and social indicators and continues to reflect special efforts to mainstream the gender perspective in statistical information and to encompass poverty-related topics. The second chapter presents economic statistics relating to trade, balance of payments and domestic prices, as well as national accounts. The statistical series are expressed in constant dollars. The third chapter provides quantitative information available on the environment. Given the abundance of data —often diverse and sometimes conflicting— now accessible to researchers, special attention must be paid to technical aspects specifying the source of the data, their definition and coverage. This information is presented in the fourth chapter, which deals with methodology and metadata, supplementing the more specific information contained in the footnotes to each of the tables in this Yearbook.
Описание: The unprecedented rise in world oil prices over the past decade has created greater economic uncertainty and higher risk introduced by oil price volatility. Countries with a high proportion of oil in their primary energy supply are especially vulnerable. At both macro and micro levels, such countries may suffer serious effects, ranging from short-term to permanent changes that hinder potential growth and international competitiveness. Mitigating Vulnerability to High and Volatile Oil Prices: Power Sector Experience in Latin America and the Caribbean offers an assessment of how these countries can better cope with high and volatile oil prices. The book first analyzes the economic effects of high and volatile prices on oil-importing countries, with emphasis on power sector experience in Latin America and the Caribbean. Second, it proposes complementary measures that can be applied using a multi-horizon strategy. To manage price risk, various physical and financial hedging tools are available to governments of oil-importing countries. To reduce oil dependence over the longer term, the book proposes implementing three structural measures: a more diversified electricity generation matrix, better energy efficiency in electricity production and use, and regional integration with more diversified power systems. Finally, the book quantifies some of the macro- and micro-level benefits that could result from implementing these measures. In the subregions examined, significant savings in the cost of fuel purchases-up to 5 percent of gross domestic product-could accrue to heavily oil-dependent countries. The aggregate effect would not only be a reduction in energy expenditures. It would mean less vulnerability to the impact of high and volatile oil prices. While much of the book s analysis refers to Central America and the Caribbean, the underlying principles of the policy recommendations can be applied to any oil-importing country seeking to mitigate vulnerability to high and volatile oil prices."
Описание: One of ECLAC`s most important annual reports, this analyses the economic performance of the region throughout the year, the international context and macroeconomic policies implemented by countries, while also providing an outlook for 2018.
Автор: Vakis Renos, Rigolini Jamele, Lucchetti Leonardo Название: Left Behind: Chronic Poverty in Latin America and the Caribbean ISBN: 1464806608 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781464806605 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 3756.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: One out of every five Latin Americans or around 130 million people have never known anything but poverty, subsisting on less than US$4-a-day throughout their lives. These are the regions chronically poor, who have remained so despite unprecedented inroads against poverty in Latin America and the Caribbean since the turn of the century. Left Behind: Chronic Poverty in Latin America and the Caribbean takes a closer look at the region's entrenched poor, who and where they are, and how existing policies need to change in order to effectively assist them. The book shows significant variations of rates of chronic poverty both across and within countries. Within a single country, some regions show incidence rates up to eight times higher than the lowest. Despite the higher rates of chronic poverty in rural areas, chronic poverty is as much an urban as a rural issue. In fact, considering absolute numbers, urban areas in many countries, including Chile, Brazil, Mexico, Colombia and the Dominican Republic, have more chronic poor than rural areas. Undoubtedly the region has come a long way during the decade in terms of poverty reduction, guided by a mix of sustained growth and increased levels in amounts and quality of public spending and programs targeted directly or indirectly to the chronic poor. While improving endowments and the context where the chronic poor live is a necessary condition going forward, the decade's experience suggests that it may not be enough to reach the chronic poor. The book posits that refinements to the existing policy toolkit - as opposed to more programs - may come a long way in helping the remaining poor. These refinements include intensifying efforts to improve coordination between different social and economic programs, which can boost the income generation process and deal with the intergenerational transmission of chronic poverty by investing in early childhood development. Equally important though, there is an urgent need to adapt programs to directly address the psychological toll of chronic poverty on people's mindset and aspirations, which currently undermines the effectiveness of the existing policy efforts.
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