Описание: A century ago, Vienna and Budapest were the capital cities of the western and eastern halves of the increasingly unstable Austro-Hungarian empire and scenes of intense cultural activity. Vienna was home to such figures as Sigmund Freud, Gustav Klimt, and Hugo von Hofmannsthal; Budapest produced such luminaries as Bela Bartok, Georg Lukacs, and Mich
Описание: Budapest at the fin de si?cle was famed and emulated for its cosmopolitan urban culture and nightlife. It was also the second-largest Jewish city in Europe. Mary Gluck delves into the popular culture of Budapest’s coffee houses, music halls, and humor magazines to uncover the enormous influence of assimilated Jews in creating modernist Budapest between 1867 and 1914. She explores the paradox of Budapest in this era: because much of the Jewish population embraced and promoted a secular, metropolitan culture, their influence as Jews was both profound and invisible.
In DISPLACED, George Kapus tells his story from birth to about age 19, as his family moved from country to country until they were finally able to cross the Atlantic as they had been accepted for immigration by the US Consulate in Paris. As his parents insisted that someday, they would return home to Budapest, Hungary, this dream was kept alive until his father, George Sr. passed away in 1958 and he and his mother finally realized that with his father's death, their dream had also died. By 1961, when this story ends, he was attending Junior College in Oakland and planning for a future here in the United States. He also knew by this time that he was no longer a refugee and more specifically, he was no longer Displaced. Several of his illustrations accompany certain episodes of his story on the way to America as there wasn't always a camera around to record the event; but also, because he just likes to draw.
A century ago, Vienna and Budapest were the capital cities of the western and eastern halves of the increasingly unstable Austro-Hungarian empire and scenes of intense cultural activity. Vienna was home to such figures as Sigmund Freud, Gustav Klimt, and Hugo von Hofmannsthal; Budapest produced such luminaries as B la Bart k, Georg Luk cs, and Michael and Karl Polanyi. However, as P ter Han k shows in these vignettes of Fin-de-Si cle life, the intellectual and artistic vibrancy common to the two cities emerged from deeply different civic cultures.
Han k surveys the urban development of the two cities and reviews the effects of modernization on various aspects of their cultures. He examines the process of physical change, as rapid population growth, industrialization, and the rising middle class ushered in a new age of tenements, suburbs, and town planning. He investigates how death and its rituals--once the domain of church, family, and local community--were transformed by the commercialization of burials and the growing bureaucratic control of graveyards. He explores the mentality of common soldiers and their families--mostly of peasant origin--during World War I, detecting in letters to and from the front a shift toward a revolutionary mood among Hungarians in particular. He presents snapshots of such subjects as the mentality of the nobility, operettas and musical life, and attitudes toward Germans and Jews, and also reveals the striking relationship between social marginality and cultural creativity.
In comparing the two cities, Han k notes that Vienna, famed for its spacious parks and gardens, was often characterized as a "garden" of esoteric culture. Budapest, however, was a dense city surrounded by factories, whose cultural leaders referred to the offices and caf s where they met as "workshops." These differences were reflected, he argues, in the contrast between Vienna's aesthetic and individualistic culture and Budapest's more moralistic and socially engaged approach. Like Carl Schorske's famous Fin-de-Si cle Vienna, Han k's book paints a remarkable portrait of turn-of-the-century life in Central Europe. Its particular focus on mass culture and everyday life offers important new insights into cultural currents that shaped the course of the twentieth century.
Originally published in 1998.
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