Описание: Renewable energy plays an important role in contributing to the transition toward low-carbon development growth, in enhancing technology diversification and hedging against fuel price volatility, in strengthening economic growth, and in facilitating access to electricity. The global trends indicate a growing commitment to renewable energy development from developed and developing countries in both the introduction of specific policy levers and investment flows. Developing countries have now a long history of designing and implementing specific policy and regulatory instruments to promote renewable energy. Today, feed-in tariff policies are being implemented in about 25 developing countries and quantity based instruments, most notably auction mechanisms, are increasingly being adopted by upper middle income countries. This paper summarizes the results of a recent review of the emerging experience with the design and implementation of price and quota based instruments to promote renewable energy in a sample of six representative developing countries and transition economies. The paper discusses the importance of a tailor-made approach to policy design and identifies the basic elements that have proven instrumental to policy effectiveness, including adequate tariff levels, long term policy or contractual commitments, mandatory access to the grid and incremental cost pass-through. Ultimately, a low carbon development growth in the developing world depends on the availability of resources to finance the solutions that exhibit incremental costs. Policies introduced to support renewable energy development should be designed and introduced in combination with strategies that clearly identify sources of finance and establish a sustainable incremental cost recovery mechanism (for example, using concessional financial flows from developed countries to leverage private financing, strengthening the performance of utilities and distribution companies, or allowing the partial pass-through of incremental costs to consumer tariffs with a differentiated burden sharing that protects the poor). Without question, policy makers will have to ensure that the design of different policy mechanisms and the policy mix per se deliver renewable energy targets with the lowest possible incremental costs and volume of subsidies.
Автор: Vegh Carlos A Название: Open Economy Macroeconomics in Developing Countries ISBN: 026201890X ISBN-13(EAN): 9780262018906 Издательство: MIT Press Рейтинг: Цена: 17775.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание:
A comprehensive and rigorous text that shows how a basic open economy model can be extended to answer important macroeconomic questions that arise in emerging markets.
This rigorous and comprehensive textbook develops a basic small open economy model and shows how it can be extended to answer many important macroeconomic questions that arise in emerging markets and developing economies, particularly those regarding monetary, fiscal, and exchange rate issues. Eschewing the complex calibrated models on which the field of international finance increasingly relies, the book teaches the reader how to think in terms of simple models and grasp the fundamentals of open economy macroeconomics.
After analyzing the standard intertemporal small open economy model, the book introduces frictions such as imperfect capital markets, intertemporal distortions, and nontradable goods, into the basic model in order to shed light on the economy's response to different shocks. The book then introduces money into the model to analyze the real effects of monetary and exchange rate policy. It then applies these theoretical tools to a variety of important macroeconomic issues relevant to developing countries (and, in a world of continuing financial crisis, to industrial countries as well), including the use of a nominal interest rate as a main policy instrument, the relative merits of flexible and predetermined exchange rate regimes, and the targeting of "real anchors." Finally, the book analyzes in detail specific topics such as inflation stabilization, "dollarization," balance of payments crises, and, inspired by recent events, financial crises. Each chapter includes boxes with relevant empirical evidence and ends with exercises. The book is suitable for use in graduate courses in development economics, international finance, and macroeconomics.
Автор: Yen Название: Renewable Energy in Developing Countries ISBN: 3319898086 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783319898087 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 13974.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book discusses aspects of policy and techno-economic analysis of renewable energy in developing countries. Renewable energy technologies have been one of the most important strategies in addressing sustainable energy development and climate change. The roles of renewable energy in developing countries are vital, which include the accessibility of modern energy services in rural areas, climate change mitigation, energy security, green job creation and eventually improvement of quality of life. Part I of this book focuses on policy and strategy, while Part II focuses on technology development and feasibility. Chapters are contributed by leading experts from the ASEAN Center of Energy, government agencies, industries, and universities from five developing countries, including Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Brunei Darussalam and Bangladesh.
This book is about engaging and empowering people through their own domestic resources, by using upstream energy to create larger downstream employment opportunities. Incorporating sustainability, resource enhancement, and energy responsibility can generate awareness and better utilization of the resources and reduce reliance on foreign aid and economic development programs, which reinforce a North/ South consumption-based economy rather than empower the localized population.
The author proposes a new paradigm of employee development, localized engagement, and empowerment for resource-rich developing Asian countries, based on the utilization and upbraiding of their resources in-situ. Here scholars, policymakers, and investors will find that human resource development (HRD) can structure constructive change through criterion-based education and reap economic prosperity.
Автор: Conibeer Название: Solar Cell Materials - Developing Technologies ISBN: 0470065516 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780470065518 Издательство: Wiley Рейтинг: Цена: 21218.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book presents a comparison of solar cell materials, including both new materials based on organics, nanostructures and novel inorganics and developments in more traditional photovoltaic materials.
Описание: Using extensive original research interviews, this book showcases how small-scale renewable energy technologies are helping Asia respond to a daunting set of energy governance challenges.
Municipal Solid Waste Energy Conversion in Emerging Countries: Technologies, Best Practices, Challenges and Policy presents contributions from authors from India, Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, South Africa and China who come together to present the most reliable technologies for the energy conversion of municipal solid waste. The book addresses existing economic and policy scenarios and possible pathways to increase energy access and reduce the negative impacts of inadequate disposal. The book's authors discuss anaerobic digestion and other MSW conversion technologies, such as incineration and gasification. The environmental and social impacts of their introduction in small villages in emerging countries is also explored.
Due to its focus on local authors and its pragmatic approach, this book is indispensable for bioenergy researchers and practitioners in emerging economies, as well as researchers, graduate students and professionals interested in developing waste to energy technology that can be implemented in those regions. It is also particularly useful to professionals interested in energy policy and economics, due to its assessment of policy and recommendations.
Explores the opportunities and challenges for municipal solid waste to energy technology implementation in emerging economies, such as Brazil, India, South Africa and China
Presents a detailed and updated overview of the commercial technologies available in these countries and their economic, environmental and social aspects
Includes case studies which highlight best practices and successful local experiences
Examines current economics and policy barriers for these technologies
Название: Energy efficiency in developing countries ISBN: 0367361973 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780367361976 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 22202.00 р. Наличие на складе: Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book presents a comparative analysis of energy efficiency policies in developing countries, and will be a useful resource for scholars and practitioners with an interest in energy policy and efficiency, climate change and international development.
Описание: This edited volume consists of three parts. It is a culmination of selected research papers presented at the second version of the international conference on Improving Sustainability Concept in Developing Countries (ISCDC) and the second version of the international conference on Alternative and Renewable Energy Quest in Architecture and Urbanism (AREQ), organized by IEREK in Egypt, 2017. It discusses major environmental issues and challenges which threaten our future. These include climate change impact, environmental deterioration, increasing demand for energy and new approaches for alternative renewable energy sources which became a necessity for survival. In addition to addressing the different environmental issues witnessed today, research presented in this book stressed on the need of sustainably shaping buildings and cities using renewable energy sources. Topics included in this book are (1) Resilience in the Built Environment, (2) Design for energy-efficient architecture and (3) Alternative and Renewable Energy Resources Quest in Architecture and Urbanism. The book is of interest to researchers and academicians who continuously aim to update their knowledge in these fields, as well as decision makers needing the enough knowledge to carry out the right decisions towards the benefit of the environment and society.
Описание: This book explores how theenergy transition occurs in fourteen developing countries and broadly surveys their technological, policy, financing, and institutional capacities in response to the three key aspects of the transition: achieving universal energy access, harvesting energy efficiency, and deploying renewable energy.
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