Taxes dominate contemporary American politics. Yet while many rail against big government, few Americans are prepared to give up the benefits they receive from the state. In Tax and Spend, historian Molly C. Michelmore examines an unexpected source of this contradiction and shows why many Americans have come to hate government but continue to demand the security it provides. Tracing the development of taxing and spending policy over the course of the twentieth century, Michelmore uncovers the origins of today's antitax and antigovernment politics in choices made by liberal state builders in the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s. By focusing on two key instruments of twentieth-century economic and social policy, Aid to Families with Dependent Children and the federal income tax, Tax and Spend explains the antitax logic that has guided liberal policy makers since the earliest days of Franklin Roosevelt's presidency. Grounded in careful archival research, this book reveals that the liberal social compact forged during the New Deal, World War II, and the postwar years included not only generous social benefits for the middle class—including Social Security, Medicare, and a host of expensive but hidden state subsidies—but also a commitment to preserve low taxes for the majority of American taxpayers. In a surprising twist on conventional political history, Michelmore's analysis links postwar liberalism directly to the rise of the Republican right in the last decades of the twentieth century. Liberals' decision to reconcile public demand for low taxes and generous social benefits by relying on hidden sources of revenues and invisible kinds of public subsidy, combined with their persistent defense of taxpayer rights and suspicion of "tax eaters" on the welfare rolls, not only fueled but helped create the contours of antistate politics at the core of the Reagan Revolution.
Автор: Vail, Mark I. Название: Liberalism in Illiberal States ISBN: 0190683996 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780190683993 Издательство: Oxford Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 3721.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: After the end of the Cold War, liberalism emerged as the world's dominant political-economic ideology, and economic liberalism seemed to have achieved global hegemony. In Liberalism in Illiberal States, Mark Vail acknowledges the dominance of economic liberalism, but argues that its implementation in specific countries is always unique and dependent upon powerful historical factors. He focuses on France, Germany, and Italy--countries that many scholars do not view as liberal at all--and contends they have in fact developed distinct forms of national liberalism, of which their postwar models of capitalism were merely one manifestation. Vail argues that these states' political economies have been shaped by centuries-old liberal traditions, which have continued to inform national alternatives to transnational neoliberalism in the contemporary era. He presents case studies that show how nationally-specific interpretations of liberalism are flexible and responsive to local realities, especially in times of economic uncertainty. By demonstrating how variegated the practice of economic liberalism actually is, Liberalism in Illiberal States will reshape our understanding of liberal political economy in the contemporary world.
Автор: Shu-Heng Chen Название: Evolutionary Computation in Economics and Finance ISBN: 3790825123 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783790825121 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 25149.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: A comprehensive coverage of the subject is given, that includes the following three areas: game theory, agent-based economic modelling and financial engineering.
Автор: Ron Vannelli Название: Evolutionary Theory and Human Nature ISBN: 1461356075 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781461356073 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 13974.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Evolutionary Theory and Human Nature is an original, highly theoretical work dealing with the transition from genes to behavior using general principles of evolution, especially those of sexual selection.
Описание: Svenja Hager aims at pricing non-standard illiquid portfolio credit derivatives which are related to standard CDO tranches with the same underlying portfolio of obligors.
Автор: J. Williams Название: Liberalism and the Limits of Power ISBN: 1349532673 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781349532674 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 8384.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book provides the first critical assessment of important recent developments in Anglo-American liberal theorizing about limited government. Following a comparative study of canonical liberal philosophers Hayek and Rawls, the book reveals a new direction for conceptualizing limited government in the twenty-first century, highlighting the central role that democratic politics - rather than philosophical principles - should play in determining the uses and limits of state power in a liberal regime. Williams draws on recent scholarship in the field of democratic theory and cultural studies in arguing for a shift in the ways liberals approach the study of politics.
Автор: Sandel, Michael J. Название: Liberalism and the limits of justice ISBN: 0521567416 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780521567411 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 8870.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Sandel locates modern liberalism in the tradition of Kant, and focuses on its most influential recent expression in the work of John Rawls. In the most important challenge yet to Rawls` theory of justice, Sandel traces the limits of liberalism to the conception of the person that underlies it, and argues for a deeper understanding of community than liberalism allows.
Описание: We trust our sciences to operate on a plane of objectivity and fact in a world of subjectivity and cultural ideologies, but should we? In The Age of Scientific Sexism, philosopher Mari Ruti offers a sharp critique of the gender profiling tendencies of evolutionary psychology, untangling the insidious threads of various gender mythologies that have infiltrated-or perhaps even define-this faux-science.
Selling stereotypes as scientific facts, evolutionary psychology continually brings retrograde models of sexuality into mainstream culture: it insists that men and women live in two completely different psychological, emotional, and sexual universes, and that they will consequently always be locked in a vicious battle of the sexes. Among these regressive arguments is the assumption that men's sexuality is urgent and indiscriminate, whereas women are "naturally" reluctant, reticent, and choosy-a concept constructed to justify masculine behavior, such as cheating, that women have historically found painful.
On its most basic level, The Age of Scientific Sexism explores our impulse to "explain" romantic behavior through science: in the increasingly egalitarian gender landscape of our society, why are we so eager to embrace the rampant gender profiling that evolutionary psychology promotes? Perhaps these simplistic gender caricatures owe their popularity, at least in part, to our overly pragmatic society pragmatic society, which encourages us to search for easy answers to complex questions.
Автор: Franz M. Wuketits Название: Concepts and Approaches in Evolutionary Epistemology ISBN: 9027715777 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789027715777 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 32144.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: The present volume brings together current interdisciplinary research which adds up to an evolutionary theory of human knowledge, Le.
Автор: Michael James Bennett, Tano S. Posteraro Название: Deleuze and Evolutionary Theory ISBN: 147443049X ISBN-13(EAN): 9781474430494 Издательство: Bloomsbury Academic Рейтинг: Цена: 17424.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Engages with the post-Darwinian biology central to Deleuze and Guattari's ecological thought
Finds a strong convergence in Deleuze and Guattari's work with new directions in evolutionary theory
Thinking about the symbiosis between philosophy and science in new ways
Summarises, interprets and evaluates of Deleuze's relationship to evolutionary theory, from Darwin through Ruyer
Resists a straightforward characterisation of Deleuze as a critic of evolution, instead looking at his debt to - and his inheritance, reconfiguration and anticipation of - a number of tendencies integral to evolutionary thought, both in its historical and emerging dimensions
Deleuze and Evolutionary Theory gathers together contributions by many of the central theorists in Deleuze studies who have led the way in breaking down the boundaries between philosophical and biological research. They focus on the significance of Deleuze and Guattari's engagements with evolutionary theory across the full range of their work, from the interpretation of Darwin in Difference and Repetition to the symbiotic alliances of wasp and orchid in A Thousand Plateaus. In this way, they explore the anthropological, social and biopolitical significance of the convergences and divergences between philosophy and evolutionary science.
Contributors
Barry Allen, McMaster University, Canada.
Michael James Bennett, University of King's College in Halifax, Canada.
Claire Colebrook, Penn State University, USA
Erin Hortle, University of Tasmania, USA.
Paul-Antoine Miquel, University of Toulouse II - Jean Jaur s, France.
Johan Normark, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
Tano S. Posteraro, Penn State University, USA.
Jon Roffe, Deakin University and Melbourne School of Continental Philosophy, Australia.
Daniel W. Smith, Purdue University, USA.
Hannah Stark, University of Tasmania, Australia.
Автор: Argitis, Giorgos (department Of Economics, National And Kapodistrian University Of Athens,) Название: Evolutionary financial macroeconomics ISBN: 113805996X ISBN-13(EAN): 9781138059962 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 22202.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book makes a contribution to the recontextualisation of the habitual, non-evolutionary and laissez-faire macroeconomic theory and policy, thus exposing the relevant contribution of the macro-theories of Veblen and Minsk.The main themes of the book are the cultural, evolutionary and holistic vision of macroeconomics.
Автор: Scholz-Wackerle Название: The Foundations of Evolutionary Institutional Economics ISBN: 1138921181 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781138921184 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 8726.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Generic institutionalism offers a new perspective on institutional economic change within an evolutionary framework. The institutional landscape shapes the social fabric and economic organization in manifold ways. The book elaborates on the ubiquity of such institutional forms with regards to their emergence, durability and exit in social agency-structure relations. Thereby institutions are considered as social learning environments changing the knowledge base of the economy along generic rule-sets in non-nomological ways from within. Specific attention is given to a theoretical structuring of the topic in ontology, heuristics and methodology. Part I introduces a generic naturalistic ontology by comparing prevalent ontological claims in evolutionary economics and preparing them for a broader pluralist and interdisciplinary discourse. Part II reconsiders these ontological claims and confronts it with prevalent heuristics, conceptualizations and projections of institutional change. In this respect the book revisits the institutional economic thought of Thorstein Veblen, Friedrich August von Hayek, Joseph Alois Schumpeter and Pierre Bourdieu. A synthesis is suggested in an application of the generic rule-based approach. Part III discusses the implementation of rule-based bottom-up models of institutional change and provides a basic prototype agent-based computational simulation. The evolution of power relations plays an important role in the programming of real-life communication networks. This notion characterizes the discussed policy realms (Part IV) of ecological and financial sustainability as tremendously complex areas of institutional change in political economy, leading to the concluding topic of democracy in practice. The novelty of this approach is given by its modular theoretical structure. It turns out that institutional change is carried substantially by affective social orders in contrast to rational orders as communicated in orthodox economic realms. The characteristics of affective orders are derived theoretically from intersections between ontology and heuristics, where interdependencies between instinct, cognition, rationality, reason, social practice, habit, routine or disposition are essential for the embodiment of knowledge. This kind of research indicates new generic directions to study social learning in particular and institutional evolution in general.
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