Автор: Musell Название: Understanding Government Budgets ISBN: 1138786306 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781138786301 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 5970.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание:
Public budgets follow rules of presentation and use terms that make sense to few outside the world of public finance. Moreover, practices vary widely among the thousands of governments across the globe, between federal, state, and local levels of government in the United States, and among nonprofit organizations, many of which provide services similar to governments. Understanding Government Budgets, Second Edition offers a detailed examination of each of the different types of information found in budgets, featuring annotated examples from a variety of organizations. It expands on explanations in the previous edition by including a wealth of examples from governments abroad and from the nonprofit sector. The book stresses that the choices made about content, format, and organization influence the story a budget tells.
Designed to help citizens, students, and policy makers become more informed users of public budgets, this book makes the format of budgets and the information they contain accessible and understandable, providing users with the tools they need to make better sense of public organizations and their performance. Complete with online instructor support material including sample problems, in-class exercises, and discussion questions for each chapter, Understanding Government Budgets, Second Edition is perfect for undergraduate or graduate-level courses in budgeting and public administration, and offers a useful guide to budgets for citizens with an interest in how government operates.
Описание: Trading information is an essential aspect of the negotiations that underpin planning practice across the globe. In this book, Alex Lord uses information economics to outline a way of thinking about these negotiations that places the strategies that actors in the planning game use at the heart of the debate.
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Автор: Blake David Название: Issues in Pension Funding ISBN: 1138023078 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781138023079 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 6430.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: First published in 1992, this book explains how pension funds work in order to highlight their impact on the economy as a whole. David Blake explores the different systems in operation at the time of writing, both state run and private sector, and describes policy initiatives such as personal pension schemes. Longer life-expectancy, overseas investment, equal opportunities and short-termism in capital markets are among the issues discussed as David Blake assesses how pension funds typically behave. This is a title of continued relevance, which addresses the questions repeatedly raised within government and wider society.
Автор: Yoshino Naoyuki Et Al Название: Promoting Better Lifetime Planning Through Financial Education ISBN: 9814740012 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789814740012 Издательство: World Scientific Publishing Рейтинг: Цена: 13939.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Surveys Show That Financial Literacy Levels Are Typically Low Around The World, Despite The Widening Access To Financial Services And The Increasing Financial Risks Borne By Households In Many Countries. This Suggests That There Will Be Mounting Challenges For Households And Smes To Invest Wisely And Effectively As Societies Age And Governments Shift Away From Defined Benefit To Defined Contribution Pension Schemes. Individuals Will Increasingly Have To Make Complex Financial Decisions To Plan For Their Retirement And For A Range Of Foreseen And Unforeseen Expenditures. All Of These Developments Suggest That Financial Education Should Be Part Of A Lifetime Process That Starts At An Early Age And Is Pursued Throughout Adulthood.The Contributions In This Book Came From A Symposium Titled, Promoting Better Lifetime Planning Through Financial Education, Organized By The Asian Development Bank Institute, The Bank Of Japan, The Japan Financial Services Agency, And The Organisation For Economic Co-Operation And Development, Held On 22–23 January 2015 In Tokyo.Amongst The Topics Discussed Were: Effective Pension Management, Financial Education Curricula In Schools, Training For Teachers Of Financial Education, Internationally Comparable Data On Financial Literacy And The Evaluation Of The Effectiveness Of Financial Education Programs. There Are Also Case Studies On Financial Inclusion, Regulation, And Education In Indonesia, Pakistan, Philippines, Viet Nam, Thailand, And Japan.
Описание: First published in 1992, this title conducts an in-depth examination of the investment behaviour of pension funds, presenting the first econometric model in this area. Using the well-established framework of modern portfolio theory, David Blake derives a model of optimal portfolio behaviour that explains pension fund asset holdings in terms of the most important macroeconomic and cyclical indicators. He shows how factors such as industry profitability, the balance of payments and the monetary and fiscal policies of the government influence pension fund investments. Broad in scope, this reissue will be of particular value to students and academics with an interest in econometrics, investment analysis and the pension fund industry.
Автор: Lain David Название: Reconstructing Retirement: Work and Welfare in the UK and USA ISBN: 1447326172 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781447326175 Издательство: Marston Book Services Рейтинг: Цена: 13860.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: In the United Kingdom, retirement programs are being reconstructed to follow the American practice of abolishing mandatory retirement and increasing state pension ages. This timely book compares prospects for work and retirement at age sixty five-plus in both the United States and the United Kingdom. After exploring the shifting logic behind both nations policies policies that increase both the need and opportunities to work past age sixty five David Lain presents an original comparative statistical analysis on the wide range of factors influencing employment at this age, from the ability to move between jobs in order to remain employed to changing employment trends. He then proposes a series of policies to address these factors across the life-course and promote security and autonomy for older people. Pathways to employment after sixty five are complex, and pressures to work at this age are likely to result in very unequal outcomes. This book will play a vital role in creating a more positive, more equitable future for late careers and retirement."
Pension fund benefits are crucial for pensioners' welfare and pension fund savings have accumulated to huge amounts, covering a major part of world-wide institutional investments. However, the literature on pension fund economics and finance is rather limited, caused, in part, to limited data availability. This book contributes to this literature and focuses on three important areas. The first is pension fund (in)efficiency, which has a huge impact on final benefits, particularly when annual spoilage accumulates over a lifetime. Scale economies, pension plans complexity and alternative pension saving plans are important issues.
The second area is investment behavior and risk-taking. A key question refers to the allocation of investments over high risk/high return and relatively safe assets. Bikker investigates whether pension funds follow the life-cycle hypothesis: more risk and return for pension funds with young participants. Many pension funds are rather limited in size, which may raise the question how financially sophisticated the pension fund decision makers are: rather professionals or closer to unskilled private persons?
The third field concerns two regulation issues. How do pension fund respond to shocks such as unexpected investment returns or changes in life expectancy? What are the welfare implications to the beneficiary for different methods of securing pension funding: solvency requirements, a pension guarantee fund, or sponsor support?
This groundbreaking book will challenge the way pension fund economics is thought about and practiced.
Автор: Lain, David Название: Reconstructing retirement ISBN: 1447326199 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781447326199 Издательство: Marston Book Services Рейтинг: Цена: 4948.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This assessment of the prospects for work and retirement at age 65-plus in the UK and US is essential reading for researchers, students and practitioners interested in the late careers and the future of retirement.
Автор: Simon Grima, Ercan Ozen, Hakan Boz, Jonathan Spiteri, Eleftherios Thalassinos Название: Contemporary Issues in Behavioral Finance ISBN: 1787698823 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781787698826 Издательство: Emerald Рейтинг: Цена: 17683.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This special edition of Contemporary Studies in Economic and Financial Analysis offers seventeen chapters from invited participants in the International Applied Social Science Congress, held in Turkey between the 19th and 21st April 2018.
Two fundamentally different philosophies for retirement income planning, which I call probability-based and safety-first, diverge on the critical issue of where a retirement plan is best served: in the risk/reward trade-offs of a diversified and aggressive investment portfolio that relies primarily on the stock market, or in the contractual protections of insurance products that integrate the power of risk pooling and actuarial science alongside investments.
The probability-based approach is generally better understood by the public. It advocates using an aggressive investment portfolio with a large allocation to stocks to meet retirement goals. My earlier book How Much Can I Spend in Retirement? A Guide to Investment-Based Retirement Strategies provides an extensive investigation of probability-based approaches. But this investments-only attitude is not the optimal way to build a retirement income plan.
There are pitfalls in retirement that we are less familiar with during the accumulation years. The nature of risk changes. Longevity risk is the possibility of living longer than planned, which could mean not having resources to maintain the retiree's standard of living. And once retirement distributions begin, market downturns in the early years can disproportionately harm retirement sustainability. This is sequence-of-returns risk, and it acts to amplify the impacts of market volatility in retirement. Traditional wealth management is not equipped to handle these new risks in a fulfilling way. More assets are required to cover spending goals over a possibly costly retirement triggered by a long life and poor market returns. And yet, there is no assurance that assets will be sufficient. For retirees who are worried about outliving their wealth, probability-based strategies can become excessively conservative and stressful.
This book focuses on the other option: safety-first retirement planning. Safety-first advocates support a more bifurcated approach to building retirement income plans that integrates insurance with investments, providing lifetime income protections to cover spending. With risk pooling through insurance, retirees effectively pay an insurance premium that will provide a benefit to support spending in otherwise costly retirements that could deplete an unprotected investment portfolio.
Insurance companies can pool sequence and longevity risks across a large base of retirees, much like a traditional defined-benefit company pension plan or Social Security, allowing for retirement spending that is more closely aligned with averages. When bonds are replaced with insurance-based risk pooling assets, retirees can improve the odds of meeting their spending goals while also supporting more legacy at the end of life, especially in the event of a longer-than-average retirement.
We walk through this thought process and logic in steps, investigating three basic ways to fund a retirement spending goal: with bonds, with a diversified investment portfolio, and with risk pooling through annuities and life insurance. We consider the potential role for different types of annuities including simple income annuities, variable annuities, and fixed index annuities. I explain how different annuities work and how readers can evaluate them. We also examine the potential for whole life insurance to contribute to a retirement income plan.
When we properly consider the range of risks introduced after retirement, I conclude that the integrated strategies preferred by safety-first advocates support more efficient retirement outcomes. Safety-first retirement planning helps to meet financial goals with less worry. This book explains how to evaluate different insurance options and implement these solutions into an integrated retirement plan.
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Learn how retirement really works before it's too late...Most so-called "experts" plug your numbers into a retirement formula to tell you how much money you need to retire. Unfortunately, the conventional approach is fundamentally flawed. If you fail to learn how retirement savings truly works, then you'll either underspend and be miserable or overspend and run out of money.
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Why the best way to describe most retirement estimates is garbage-in/garbage-out
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How to calculate the amount of money you really need to retire on the first try without software, online calculators, or being a math genius
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