The Role of Multilateral Environmental Agreements: A Reconciliatory Approach to Environmental Protection in Armed Conflict, Britta Sjostedt
Автор: Park, Susan (university Of Sydney) Название: Environmental recourse at the multilateral development banks ISBN: 1108702341 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781108702348 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 2851.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This Element examines how IGMs provide recourse for infringements of three procedural environmental rights: access to information, access to participation, and access to justice in environmental matters, as well as environmental protections drawn from the United Nations Guiding Principles and the World Bank`s protection standards.
Автор: Acharya Название: Regional Trade Agreements and the Multilateral Trading System ISBN: 1107161649 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781107161641 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 24235.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book explores bilateral and regional trade agreements, and examines how they are changing international trade rules. It offers an important contribution to the current debate on the role of the WTO in regulating international trade and how WTO rules relate to new rules being developed by regional trade agreements.
Автор: Tan Название: Multilateral Asian Security Architecture ISBN: 1138893331 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781138893337 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 8573.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book examines the contributions of non-ASEAN countries to the establishment, maintenance and reform of Asia`s multilateral arrangements.
Описание: The environment suffers enormously during armed conflicts and, despite the increasing awareness of the pressing need to protect the planet, devastating environmental damage can occur legally at times of war. This book suggests that – apart from the protection offered under law of armed conflict – environmental treaties or multilateral agreements (MEAs) can complement and strengthen environmental protection when war occurs.
Previous research has focused on the protection offered under the law of armed conflict (in particular international humanitarian law) and customary international environmental law concerning wartime environmental damage, or whether environmental treaties remain applicable at times of armed conflict. This book, however, is the first in-depth scholarly examination of how environmental treaties can apply in wartime and how they can contribute to the protection of the environment in relation to armed conflict. It also offers an updated study of environmental protection under the law of armed conflict, including the latest developments in the International Law Commission’s work on this underexplored topic.
Автор: Desai Название: Multilateral Environmental Agreements ISBN: 1107610516 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781107610514 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 6019.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This study examines the genesis, development, and proliferation of multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs), their ad hoc treaty-based status and the issue of the legal personality of their secretariats. It offers an account of the phenomenon in which an international institution provides a servicing base for an MEA that triggers a chain of legal implications.
International organizations do not always live up to the expectations and mandates of their member countries. One of the best examples of this gap is the environmental performance of multilateral development banks, which are tasked with allocating and managing approximately half of all development assistance worldwide. In the 1980s and 1990s, the multilateral development banks came under severe criticism for financing projects that caused extensive deforestation, polluted large urban areas, displaced millions of people, and destroyed valuable natural resources. In response to significant and public failures, member countries established or strengthened administrative procedures, citizen complaint mechanisms, project evaluation, and strategic planning processes. All of these reforms intended to close the gap between the mandates and performance of the multilateral development banks by shaping the way projects are approved. Giving Aid Effectively provides a systematic examination of whether these efforts have succeeded in aligning allocation decisions with performance.
Mark T. Buntaine argues that the most important way to give aid effectively is selectivity--moving towards projects with a record of success and away from projects with a record of failure for individual recipient countries. This book shows that under certain circumstances, the control mechanisms established to close the gap between mandate and performance have achieved selectivity. Member countries prompt the multilateral development banks to give aid more effectively when they generate information about the outcomes of past operations and use that information to make less successful projects harder to approve or more successful projects easier to approve. This argument is substantiated with the most extensive analysis of evaluations across four multilateral development banks ever completed, together with in-depth case studies and dozens of interviews. More generally, Giving AidEffectively demonstrates that member countries have a number of mechanisms that allow them to manage international organizations for results.
As the Kyoto Protocol limps along without the participation of the US and Australia, on-going climate negotiations are plagued by competing national and business interests that are creating stumbling blocks to success. Climate Change Negotiations: A Guide to Resolving Disputes and Facilitating Multilateral Cooperation asks how these persistent obstacles can be down-scaled, approaching them from five professional perspectives: a top policy-maker, a senior negotiator, a leading scientist, an international lawyer, and a sociologist who is observing the process.
The authors identify the major problems, including great power strategies (the EU, the US and Russia), leadership, the role of NGOs, capacity and knowledge-building, airline industry emissions, insurance and risk transfer instruments, problems of cost benefit analysis, the IPCC in the post-Kyoto situation, and verification and institutional design. A new key concept is introduced: strategic facilitation. 'Strategic facilitation' has a long time frame, a forward-looking orientation and aims to support the overall negotiation process rather than individual actors.
This book is aimed at academics, university students and practitioners who are directly or indirectly engaged in the international climate negotiation as policy makers, diplomats or experts.
Описание: In Giving Aid Effectively, Mark T. Buntaine argues that countries that are members of international organizations have prompted multilateral development banks to give development and environmental aid more effectively by generating better information about performance.
Автор: Acharya Название: Regional Trade Agreements and the Multilateral Trading System ISBN: 1316614018 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781316614013 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 10930.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book explores bilateral and regional trade agreements, and examines how they are changing international trade rules. It offers an important contribution to the current debate on the role of the WTO in regulating international trade and how WTO rules relate to new rules being developed by regional trade agreements.
Описание: This book explores how the European Union designs its trade policy to face the most recent challenges and to influence global policy issues. It studies a broad set of trade instruments that are used by the EU in its trade policy, such as: trade agreements, multilateral initiatives, unilateral trade policies, as well as, internal market tools.
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