Brian G Katz Nitrogen Overload: Environmental Degradation, Ramifications, and Economic Costs 9781119513964

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Автор: Brian G Katz
Название: Nitrogen Overload: Environmental Degradation, Ramifications, and Economic Costs
ISBN: 9781119513964
Издательство: Wiley
Классификация:

Экономика природопользования

Химия

Экология

Строительство и эксплуатация санитарно-технических и коммунальных сооружений

Водоснабжение и обработка воды

Сельское хозяйство

ISBN-10: 1119513960
Обложка/Формат: Hardcover
Страницы: 272
Вес: 0.67 кг.
Дата издания: 24.06.2020
Серия: Geophysical monograph series
Язык: English
Размер: 280 x 220 x 23
Читательская аудитория: Professional & vocational
Ключевые слова: Agriculture & farming,The environment,Chemistry
Подзаголовок: Environmental degradation, ramifications, and economic costs
Ссылка на Издательство: Link
Рейтинг:
Поставляется из: Англии
Описание:

Finalist for the 2021 PROSE Award for Environmental Science!

An integrated approach to understanding and mitigating the problem of excess nitrogen

Human activities generate large amounts of excess nitrogen, which has dramatically altered the nitrogen cycle. Reactive forms of nitrogen, especially nitrate and ammonia, are particularly detrimental. Given the magnitude of the problem, there is an urgent need for information on reactive nitrogen and its effective management.

Nitrogen Overload: Environmental Degradation, Ramifications, and Economic Costs presents an integrated, multidisciplinary review of alterations to the nitrogen cycle over the past century and the wide-ranging consequences of nitrogen-based pollution, especially to aquatic ecosystems and human health.

Volume highlights include:

Comprehensive background information on the nitrogen cycle
Detailed description of anthropogenic nitrogen sources
Review of the environmental, economic, and health impacts of nitrogen pollution
Recommendations and strategies for reducing humanitys nitrogen footprint
Discussion of national nitrogen footprints and worldwide examples of mitigation policies

The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.

Read the Editors Vox: https: //eos.org/editors-vox/exploring-the-widespread-impacts-of-ongoing-nitrogen-pollution

Book Review Casey D. Kennedy (2021), Ground Water 59(2): 161-162. Published online 2021 Jan 11. doi: 10.1111/gwat.13066

Nitrogen is abundant in the Earths atmosphere, but it exists primarily as an unreactive form that is relatively inaccessible by most organisms. Although the formation of reactive nitrogen is a natural process, it can be dramatically altered by human activities such as biomass burning, combustion of fossil fuels, and production of synthetic fertilizers, which collectively account for half of the reactive nitrogen in the environment. In Nitrogen Overload, Katz (2020) explores the costs and benefits associated with anthropogenic releases of reactive nitrogen at a global scale.

This 251В page book consists of 11 chapters that are organized in three sections: background information (chapters 1-4), implications (chapters 5-10), and mitigation (chapter 11) for reactive nitrogen in the environment. The first section provides information on the biogeochemistry and scale of nitrogen pollution, with chapter 1 presenting an overview of the main topics covered in the book. Chapter 2 examines the effects of human activities on the preindustrial natural nitrogen cycle, which Katz (2020) asserts has been altered more than the carbon cycle or any other basic element cycle essential to life on earth (e.g., phosphorus, sulfur). Chapter 3 discusses the major sources of nitrogen pollution to terrestrial and aquatic systems, particularly for North America, Europe, Latin America, and India, and chapter 4 describes techniques for identifying sources of reactive nitrogen with chemical, isotopic, and microbial tracers.

The remaining chapters explore the impacts, sources, and challenges for mitigation of nitrogen pollution. Chapter 5 discusses the human health impacts of reactive nitrogen, including respiratory ailments from NO_x emissions and secondary production of tropospheric ozone, methemoglobinemia from elevated nitrate in drinking water, and respiratory and skin ailments from exposure to harmful algal blooms. Chapter 6 examines the impacts of reactive nitrogen on terrestrial and coastal aquatic ecosystems. Notably, Katz (2020) cites a decline in global seagrass cover by more than 29% during the last century, but also a recovery of aquatic

Nitrogen Overload: Environmental Degradation, Ramifications, and Economic Costs, Brian G Katz