Описание: This monograph provides a comprehensive overview of methods for searching, evaluating, and optimizing highway location and alignments using genetic algorithms (GAs), a powerful Artificial Intelligence (AI) technique. It presents a two-level programming structure to deal with the effects of varying highway location on traffic level changes in surrounding road networks within the highway location search and alignment optimization process. In addition, the proposed method evaluates environmental impacts as well as all relevant highway costs associated with its construction, operation, and maintenance. The monograph first covers various search methods, relevant cost functions, constraints, computational efficiency, and solution quality issues arising from optimizing the highway alignment optimization (HAO) problem. It then focuses on applications of a special-purpose GA in the HAO problem where numerous highway alignments are generated and evaluated, and finally the best ones are selected based on costs, traffic impacts, safety, energy, and environmental considerations. A review of other promising optimization methods for the HAO problem is also provided in this monograph.
Автор: Sudhanshu Tripathi Название: India`s Foreign Policy Dilemma over Non-Alignment 2.0 ISBN: 9353286425 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789353286422 Издательство: Sage Publications Рейтинг: Цена: 12672.00 р. Наличие на складе: Поставка под заказ.
Описание:
India’s Foreign Policy Dilemma over Non-Alignment 2.0 presents the story of India’s quest for renewed focus on the doctrine of Non-Alignment. It begins with a discussion on the evolution of India’s Foreign Policy along with the origin of its most important pillar, Non-Alignment, and its cumulative effect in India and abroad. It further discusses challenges, compulsions and constraints for India’s Foreign Policy in context of the current instability and insecurity due to mounting Chinese and Pakistani collusion against India’s rising profile in Asia, the emerging Pyongyang–Beijing–Moscow axis against the US, the evolving US–China bipolar world order in the background of eastward shifting geopolitics, economic recession and terrorism. The book argues that it is incumbent upon India to take a fresh lead today to reinvent the doctrine not only for its own national interests but also for the entire Third World. It proposes various steps to revitalize India’s Foreign Policy so that India can play a desired role in the present global order.
A liquid-crystal display (LCD) is a flat-panel display or other electronically-modulated optical device that uses the light-modulating properties of liquid crystals. Liquid Crystal Displays are already widely used in consumer electronics, but research and development is still ongoing. The shifting focus of research follows a pattern of improved definition, increased display size, wider viewing angles and faster responses, with improvements in each area influencing the next. There is also growing interest in the use of liquid crystal materials in novel applications including sensing devices, spatial modulators and light-shielding windows.
This book discusses the latest LCD technologies, with their challenges, opportunities, and problems to be solved, at a level suited to an academic and research-professional audience. There is a particular focus on display quality such as image sticking, contrast ratio and colour hue that has not been dealt with thoroughly elsewhere. Current and future trends in liquid crystal materials and technologies based on their evolving role and new applications are discussed in detail.
Автор: Saartje Verbeke Название: Alignment and Ergativity in New Indo-Aryan Languages ISBN: 311029253X ISBN-13(EAN): 9783110292534 Издательство: Walter de Gruyter Рейтинг: Цена: 24165.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: The volume investigates the different alignment patterns in Indo-Aryan and shows that the variation of alignment patterns in Indo-Aryan goes beyond the opposition between accusativity and ergativity. The book includes a thorough discussion of the concepts and terminology relating to alignment patterns. The study draws extensively on new language data from Indo-Aryan. It includes discussions of examples taken from Hindi, Sanskrit, Apabhramsa, Asamiya, Bangla, Oriya, the Bihari languages, Nepali, Kashmiri, Sindhi, Siraiki, Poguli, Gujarati, Punjabi, Marwari, Harauti, the Hindi varieties, and Shina. The volume offers a comprehensive overview of various alignment patterns in Indo-Aryan based on a wide range of data. By focusing on lesser known Indo-Aryan languages, the study questions the central position of Hindi-Urdu in the research on ergativity. Each language is treated in its own right, with a focus on language-specific data and analyses, rather than relying on a notional format that starts with pre-established linguistic concepts. In accordance with this methodology, much attention is paid to "indirect" connections between ergative constructions and other syntactic and semantic patterns in the various languages.
Описание: This study investigates the overall Soviet conception of non-alignment in the Third World and assesses Soviet policy in relation to this issue.
Описание: After World War II, Europe stood divided between two clearly defined and competing ideologies and systems of government. Within this context of confrontation and mutual hostility between the United States and the Soviet Union, Rinna Kullaa provides a unique analysis of the attempts of two European states to successfully avoid absorption into the Soviet bloc. This book explores the relations of Yugoslavia and Finland both with the Soviet Union, and with each other, as they strove to preserve and create their independence. Whilst at first attempting the neutralism strategy employed by Finland, in the face of Soviet hostility, Tito's Yugoslavia instead led the way to the founding of the Non-Aligned Movement in 1961. Kullaa's crucial analysis of the formative period of the Cold War will be of vital interest to students and researchers of International Relations, European History, the Cold War and diplomacy.
Описание: This study investigates the overall Soviet conception of non-alignment in the Third World and assesses Soviet policy in relation to this issue.
Описание: Who are you? What do you really want in your life? How do you want to feel about yourself and your life? What is your life's purpose? Do you feel "stuck"? The Key is Alignment will help you to define and discover who you really are, learn to recognize and build holistic intuitive intelligence and teach you how to make better decisions and gain clarity in life situations that help you to live the life you want to live
Автор: Ballard J. W., Bargerstock Andrew Название: Mastering Leadership Alignment: Linking Value Creation to Cash Flow ISBN: 1631575031 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781631575037 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 2758.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book raises the bar on what it means to be a high performance enterprise, providing methods and tools to engage the senior leadership team in building and sustaining rock-solid alignment. It demonstrates how to generate wholehearted unanimity on precisely what creates value in the enterprise, who creates it, and how the value created shows up in the financial statements.Simple, step-by-step procedures given bring about wholehearted unanimity in the senior leadership’s understanding of how the enterprise makes money. Where to focus energy (and where not to) is revealed. Readers are guided to apply “non-directive leadership skills” to co-creating maps and reports of their enterprises’ value creating activities into a Management Operating System? (MOS).Based on more than 30 years and over 50 hands-on projects using the work of legendary IBM Executive School leader, finance and values innovator, Lou Mobley, and Chuck Kremer, CPA, this book builds on Lou’s original breakthrough works building IBM’s executive leadership culture from 1955 to 1970.
Название: Passive Micro-Optical Alignment Methods ISBN: 0367392607 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780367392604 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 10104.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание:
The most expensive phase in the manufacture of micro-optical components and fiber optics is also one of the most performance-critical: optical alignment of the components. The increasing degree of miniaturization makes this an especially challenging task. Active alignment methods result in higher costs and awkward processes, and for some applications, they simply are not possible. Passive Micro-Optical Alignment Methods introduces the passive alignment methods that are currently available and illustrates them with many examples, references, and critiques.
The first book dedicated to passive alignment, it begins with an overview of the current activities, requirements, and general results of passive optical alignments, followed by three sections of in-depth analysis. The first of these discusses mechanical passive alignment, highlighting silicon waferboard, solder, and Jitney technologies as well as application of mechanical alignment to 3D free-space interconnects. The next section describes the various visual alignment techniques applied to Planar Lightwave Circuits (PLCs) and low-cost plastic and surface mount packaging. The final section details various utilities that aid passive alignment and their resulting tradeoffs and demonstrates Monte Carlo analysis to evaluate the potential of a given method. Passive Micro-Optical Alignment Methods provides the tools necessary to meet the challenge of precision and low-cost alignment for applications that require micron or sub-micron tolerance.
Автор: Nils Andersen; Klaus Bartschat Название: Polarization, Alignment, and Orientation in Atomic Collisions ISBN: 3319552147 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783319552149 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 20962.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Part I Basic Concepts.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Polarized Light.- 3 Polarized Electrons.- 4 Experimental Geometries and Approaches.- 5 Density Matrices: Connecting Experiment and Theory.- 6 Computational Methods.- Part II Case Studies.- 7 Electron Impact Excitation.- 8 Ion and Atom Impact Excitation.- 9 Propensity Rules.- 10 Impact Ionization.- 11 Photo-Driven Processes.- 12 Related Topics and Applications.- Part III Selection of Historical Papers (1925-1976).- 13 Introductory Summaries.- Index.
Today's "machine-learning" systems, trained by data, are so effective that we've invited them to see and hear for us--and to make decisions on our behalf. But alarm bells are ringing. Recent years have seen an eruption of concern as the field of machine learning advances. When the systems we attempt to teach will not, in the end, do what we want or what we expect, ethical and potentially existential risks emerge. Researchers call this the alignment problem.
Systems cull r sum s until, years later, we discover that they have inherent gender biases. Algorithms decide bail and parole--and appear to assess Black and White defendants differently. We can no longer assume that our mortgage application, or even our medical tests, will be seen by human eyes. And as autonomous vehicles share our streets, we are increasingly putting our lives in their hands.
The mathematical and computational models driving these changes range in complexity from something that can fit on a spreadsheet to a complex system that might credibly be called "artificial intelligence." They are steadily replacing both human judgment and explicitly programmed software.
In best-selling author Brian Christian's riveting account, we meet the alignment problem's "first-responders," and learn their ambitious plan to solve it before our hands are completely off the wheel. In a masterful blend of history and on-the ground reporting, Christian traces the explosive growth in the field of machine learning and surveys its current, sprawling frontier. Readers encounter a discipline finding its legs amid exhilarating and sometimes terrifying progress. Whether they--and we--succeed or fail in solving the alignment problem will be a defining human story.
The Alignment Problem offers an unflinching reckoning with humanity's biases and blind spots, our own unstated assumptions and often contradictory goals. A dazzlingly interdisciplinary work, it takes a hard look not only at our technology but at our culture--and finds a story by turns harrowing and hopeful.
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