Bill Freund: An Historian`s Passage to Africa, Freund Bill
Автор: Cocchiarella, Nino B.; Freund, Max A. Название: Modal Logic ISBN: 0195366573 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780195366570 Издательство: Oxford Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 7839.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: In this text, a variety of modal logics at the sentential, first-order, and second-order levels are developed with clarity, precision and philosophical insight. All of the S1-S5 modal logics of Lewis and Langford, among others, are constructed. A matrix, or many-valued semantics, for sentential modal logic is formalized, and an important result that no finite matrix can characterize any of the standard modal logics is proven. Exercises, some of which show independence results, help to develop logical skills. A separate sentential modal logic of logical necessity in logical atomism is also constructed and shown to be complete and decidable. On the first-order level of the logic of logical necessity, the modal thesis of anti-essentialism is valid and every de re sentence is provably equivalent to a de dicto sentence. An elegant extension of the standard sentential modal logics into several first-order modal logics is developed. Both a first-order modal logic for possibilism containing actualism as a proper part as well as a separate modal logic for actualism alone are constructed for a variety of modal systems. Exercises on this level show the connections between modal laws and quantifier logic regarding generalization into, or out of, modal contexts and the conditions required for the necessity of identity and non-identity. Two types of second-order modal logics, one possibilist and the other actualist, are developed based on a distinction between existence-entailing concepts and concepts in general. The result is a deeper second-order analysis of possibilism and actualism as ontological frameworks. Exercises regarding second-order predicate quantifiers clarify the distinction between existence-entailing concepts and concepts in general. Modal Logic is ideally suited as a core text for graduate and undergraduate courses in modal logic, and as supplementary reading in courses on mathematical logic, formal ontology, and artificial intelligence.
Автор: Freund Bill Название: Bill Freund: An Historian`s Passage to Africa ISBN: 1776146727 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781776146727 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 3762.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: The first biography of an eminent historian of South Africa Bill Freund, the late social historian and leading analyst of African history, passed away in 2020 soon after finishing his autobiography. Often described as the academy's 'outsider insider', he was an eminent South African historian who published prodigiously in the areas of labour, capital and economic history. What influenced this American-educated academic to become such an astute and trusted observer of the political economy in Africa? We follow Bill's intellectual journey from a modest Jewish home in Chicago in the 1950s to the Universities of Chicago, Yale, Ahmadu Bello University in Nigeria and Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania, and finally to a permanent teaching position at the University of KwaZulu-Natal in Durban, South Africa. Peppered in between the commentaries on academic life are stories of his travels, poems he wrote for loved ones, and endearing anecdotes of friendships that shaped his life. As an 'outsider', both in the United States and abroad, he is able to offer rich insights into the world of Africanists and their scholarship on different continents. His thoughtful and balanced observations on late- and post-apartheid South Africa are especially interesting and refreshing. This posthumously published autobiography will give deeper insight into this unusual man and the world that shaped him – and which he in turn influenced through a deep commitment to rigorous scholarship. It includes a select bibliography of Bill Freund's many publications as well as a foreword by Robert Morrell on the making of this autobiography.
Описание: Barry Eichengreen presents a new analysis of the Depression by exploring the link between global economic crisis and the the gold standard (the framework for international monetary affairs until 1931). The events described had a profound effect upon twentieth-century history: the Depression abetted the rise of Hitler and the demise of the gold standard is a historical cause of inflation.
Автор: Freund Peter F. Название: Paniniya Shiksha: In the Rig Veda Recension ISBN: 153956987X ISBN-13(EAN): 9781539569879 Издательство: Неизвестно Цена: 2069.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Paniniya Shiksha is the most popular and well-known among the 72 Shiksha texts in Vedic Literature. It is a general manual of Sanskrit pronunciation applicable to all the four Vedas. Clear, concise and comprehensive, it teaches the 64 letters of the alphabet, and covers all the five major divisions of Vedic phonology, pitch, duration, place of articulation, effort or mode of articulation and phonation. This monograph provides a translation and a detailed analysis of the position of Panini's work in the field of Vedic phonology, and in Vedic Literature as a whole. To help the reader follow the logic of the text, a commentary is provided explaining how each verse follows from its previous verse, and how each verse fits into the overall theme of unfoldment of knowledge.The goal of Paniniya Shiksha is to refine the physiology and gain enlightenment through recitation of the Vedic texts with proper pronunciation. This is the program of Vedic education, the standard system of education in ancient India. This broader context of the unfoldment of the full latent potential of the student through Vedic education must be understood in order to fully appreciate the great contribution of Panini in the field of Vedic phonology. The analysis of the broader context of this Shiksha work, shows it to be a proper foundation and starting point for study in all the various disciplines of Vedic science: The origin of speech, described by Panini, is the fountainhead of all knowledge, the wellsprings from which the whole breadth and depth of Vedic Literature find their source and sustenance.Panini lived thousands of years ago, but he has made a lasting contribution to the understanding of the dynamics of integration of life through refinement of speech, through perfecting the pronunciation of the Sanskrit language. Paniniya Shiksha is a manual for correct pronunciation, but it is also a guidebook to complete fulfillment in life through Vedic recitation.
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