Описание: The forty-percent drop in crime that occurred across the U.S. from 1991 to 2000 remains largely an unsolved mystery. Even more puzzling is the eighty-percent drop over nineteen years in New York City. Twice as long and twice as large, it is the largest crime decline on record. In The City That Became Safe, Franklin E. Zimring seeks out the New York difference through a comprehensive investigation into the city's falling crime rates. The usual understanding is that aggressive police created a zero-tolerance law enforcement regime that drove crime rates down. Is this political sound bite true-are the official statistics generated by the police accurate? Though zero-tolerance policing and quality-of-life were never a consistent part of the NYPD's strategy, Zimring shows the numbers are correct and argues that some combination of more cops, new tactics, and new management can take some credit for the decline. That the police can make a difference at all in preventing crime overturns decades of conventional wisdom from criminologists, but Zimring also points out what most experts have missed: the New York experience challenges the basic assumptions driving American crime- and drug-control policies. New York has shown that crime rates can be greatly reduced without increasing prison populations. New York teaches that targeted harm reduction strategies can drastically cut down on drug related violence even if illegal drug use remains high. And New York has proven that epidemic levels of violent crime are not hard-wired into the populations or cultures of urban America. This careful and penetrating analysis of how the nation's largest city became safe rewrites the playbook on crime and its control for all big cities.
Автор: Gottfredson, Michael (chancellors Professor Of Criminology, Law And Society, And Law, Chancellors Professor Of Criminology, Law And Society, And Law, Название: Modern control theory and the limits of criminal justice ISBN: 0190069805 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780190069803 Издательство: Oxford Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 5146.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: In 1990 when Michael Gottfredson and Travis Hirschi published A General Theory of Crime, now often referred to as self control theory, it quickly became among the most discussed and researched perspectives in criminology. In Modern Control Theory and the Limits of Criminal Justice, Gottfredson and Hirschi develop and extend the theory of self control advanced in their classic work. Focusing on the methodology of testing crime theory and measuring behavioral research on crime and delinquency, they critically review the evidence about self control theory. Gottfredson and Hirschi further discuss evidence about the positive consequences of higher levels of self control from education, economics, and public health, that-along with evidence from delinquency and crime-show substantial support for the theory of self control. Illustrating the theory through predictions about policing, incarceration, juvenile justice, and the connection of immigration policy to crime, this book connects self control theory to the structure and function of the criminal justice system, then applies the theory to pressing issues of public policy about delinquency and crime.
Автор: Diego Sanjurjo Название: Gun Control Policies in Latin America ISBN: 3030179168 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783030179168 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 6986.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book analyses the crucial role that guns play in the dynamics of extreme violence engulfing Latin America and the policies that are being implemented to confront it.
Автор: Philip Bean; David K. Whynes Название: Policing and Prescribing ISBN: 1349114537 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781349114535 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 20962.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book comprises of fourteen specially commissioned essays on the theme of drug abuse and the control of drug use in Britain. It also examines issues of contemporary relevance in the drug control debate, including the economics of drug control, drug education, the impact of AIDS, new trends in legislation and decriminalisation.
Автор: Edouard Dastous Название: Gun Control: Background, Policy and Legislation ISBN: 1536169099 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781536169096 Издательство: Nova Science Рейтинг: Цена: 32312.00 р. Наличие на складе: Невозможна поставка.
Описание: Federal firearms regulation has been a subject of continuous interest for legislators. In recent Congresses, a range of proposals has been introduced, with some seeking to ease various federal firearms restrictions or facilitate reciprocity in state treatment of persons authorized to carry a firearm by another state. Other proposals have sought greater restrictions on the federal rules concerning the possession, transfer or sale of firearms, or the expansion of background checks for firearm purchases. These various approaches, in turn, prompt debate about not only their pros and cons but also their legalities, as Congresss ability to legislate on such matters must comport with the Second Amendment and other constitutional constraints. This book discusses important gun control issues.
Описание: The shooting at Virginia Tech in 2007 was one of the worst mass murders in the U.S., but it did not lead to any new federal gun control policy. In contrast, following a similar event in Montreal in 1989, Canada created new comprehensive gun policy. Such different outcomes are the focus of this survey, which sets out to explore the gun policymaking process in the U.S. and Canada in the aftermath of major events. It explores the many factors that lead to the drastically different reactions of the federal governments in each state if the aftermath of a mass shooting or assassination. To do so, it examines such elements as institutional arrangements, interest groups pressures (NRA, e.g.), and the party in power, studying the impact of such key events as the assassinations of J.F. Kennedy, Martin Luther King, Jr., Georgina Leimonis and shootings that occurred at Columbine, Stockton, and Vernon. A unique comparative study, Gun Policy in the United States and Canada will be an essential resource to anyone researching gun policy issues and comparative policymaking.
Автор: Hurka, Steffen Название: Rampage Shootings and Gun Control (Open Access) ISBN: 0367887428 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780367887421 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 6430.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book addresses rampage shootings in Western Europe and their conditional impact on politicization and policy change in the area of gun control.
Автор: Sanjurjo Diego Название: Gun Control Policies in Latin America ISBN: 3030179192 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783030179199 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 6986.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book analyses the crucial role that guns play in the dynamics of extreme violence engulfing Latin America and the policies that are being implemented to confront it.
Автор: DeGrazia, David Название: Dialogues on Gun Control ISBN: 0367615320 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780367615321 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 20671.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Three fictional characters - two American college students with contrasting attitudes about guns, plus a European exchange student - carefully explore the issues of gun control. Their conversations are respectul and well-informed by the latest empirical data and the best philosophical arguments.
Автор: Qi Chen Название: Governance, Social Control and Legal Reform in China ISBN: 303010124X ISBN-13(EAN): 9783030101244 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 16070.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание:
This book outlines how community sentences and early release options are administered in China. Chen provides empirical insights into the emerging community sector of the Chinese penal system, and illustrates how Chinese criminal courts decide between imprisonment and community sentences. Drawing on interviews with government and non-governmental supervisors, this methodological and rigorous study offers an in-depth discussion of the enforcement of these community sanctions and measures (CSM).
By using the CSM reform as an example, this book illustrates the adaptation of Chinese governance and social control. Ultimately, Chen argues that the current model of governance in China (disciplinary governance) cannot guarantee an effective state-agent relationship; it also denies local governments sufficient legitimacy to secure social stability. Finally, proposing that only the rule of law and an active judiciary can complement these two deficiencies, this book will be of great interest to scholars of criminology, law, and penology, as well as anyone who is interested in how China is held together in a socio-legal sense.
Автор: Gulland, Jackie Название: Gender, work and social control ISBN: 1137605626 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781137605627 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 18167.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book uses previously unknown archive materials to explore the meaning of the term ‘incapable of work’ over a hundred years (1911–present). Nowadays, people claiming disability benefits must undergo medical tests to assess whether or not they are capable of work. Media reports and high profile campaigns highlight the problems with this system and question whether the process is fair. These debates are not new and, in this book, Jackie Gulland looks at similar questions about how to assess people’s capacity for work from the beginning of the welfare state in the early 20th century. Amongst many subject areas, she explores women’s roles in the domestic sphere and how these were used to consider their capacity for work in the labour market. The book concludes that incapacity benefit decision making is really about work: what work is, what it is not, who should do it, who should be compensated when work does not provide a sufficient income and who should be exempted from any requirement to look for it.
Автор: Gregory Thompson Название: Contemporary Readings in Crime Control Strategy ISBN: 1935551949 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781935551942 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 12335.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: The readings in this collection are bound by a singular purpose: identifying effective strategies to reduce and prevent crime on America`s streets and in her neighbourhoods. For frontline law enforcement this is a central mission - a mission increasingly informed by the findings of social science.
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