Smith, George E. Brownian motion and molecular reality : 9780190098025

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Автор: Smith, George E.
Название: Brownian motion and molecular reality :
ISBN: 9780190098025
Издательство: Oxford Academ
Классификация:

Физика

ISBN-10: 0190098023
Обложка/Формат: Hardcover
Страницы: 468
Вес: 0.80 кг.
Дата издания: 04.11.2020
Серия: Oxford studies in philos science series
Язык: English
Размер: 23.62 x 16.00 x 4.06 cm
Читательская аудитория: General (us: trade)
Ссылка на Издательство: Link
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Поставляется из: Англии
Описание: Between 1905 and 1913, French physicist Jean Perrins experiments on Brownian motion ostensibly put a definitive end to the long debate regarding the real existence of molecules, proving the atomic theory of matter. While Perrins results had a significant impact at the time, later examination
of his experiments questioned whether he really gained experimental access to the molecular realm. The experiments were successful in determining the mean kinetic energy of the granules of Brownian motion; however, the values for molecular magnitudes Perrin inferred from them simply presupposed
that the granule mean kinetic energy was the same as the mean molecular kinetic energy in the fluid in which the granules move. This stipulation became increasingly questionable in the years between 1908 and 1913, as significantly lower values for these magnitudes were obtained from other
experimental results like alpha-particle emissions, ionization, and Plancks blackbody radiation equation.

In this case study in the history and philosophy of science, George E. Smith and Raghav Seth here argue that despite doubts, Perrins measurements were nevertheless exemplars of theory-mediated measurement-the practice of obtaining values for an inaccessible quantity by inferring them from an
accessible proxy via theoretical relationships between them. They argue that it was actually Perrin more than any of his contemporaries who championed this approach during the years in question. The practice of theory-mediated measurement in physics had a long history before 1900, but the concerted
efforts of Perrin, Rutherford, Millikan, Planck, and their colleagues led to the central role this form of evidence has had in microphysical research ever since. Seth and Smiths study thus replaces an untenable legend with an account that is not only tenable, but more instructive about what the
evidence did and did not show.

Brownian motion and molecular reality :, Smith, George E.