Описание: A long-term analysis of development projects in rural Tanzania, tracing the improvised, reactive nature of small-scale interventions, aimed at staving off the threat posed by acute poverty to local governments` legitimacy and effectiveness.
Описание: New infections with HIV remain an urgent problem among young people in Africa, but many young Africans pursue sexual relationships with little thought about the epidemic. This book examines young people's sexual relationships in a region typical of rural sub-Saharan Africa and investigates why the risk of HIV infection generally was not a salient concern for them. It is based on an extraordinarily large and representative qualitative study that was affiliated with an adolescent sexual health intervention trial and included three person-years of participant observation conducted by young East Africans in nine Tanzanian villages. The book describes typical patterns of sexual relationship formation in adolescence and early adult life, the variety of young people's relationships and practices, and the contradictory social ideals and expectations that led premarital and extramarital relationships to be concealed. Young men's main motivations for sex were pleasure and masculine identity, while young women's was to receive money or materials to meet their basic needs, such as soap or a daytime meal. By their late teens most young people had experienced one-time sexual encounters, open-ended opportunistic relationships, and main sometimes semi-public partnerships. Relationships could involve desire, possessiveness, and affection, but romantic idealization of a partner was rare. Many young people expected their partners to be monogamous, but themselves had had concurrent relationships by age 20. The practice of hiding premarital sexual relationships from adults often also concealed them from other sexual partners, which helped maintain concurrency and inhibited realistic risk perception. Understanding of the biology of HIV/AIDS was very limited. Condoms were rarely used because they were associated with reduced pleasure, infection and promiscuity. Sexually transmitted infections were common, but several factors hindered young people from seeking biomedical treatment for them. Many instead relied on tradit
Описание: Based on a yearlong ethnographic study, this book describes the daily life and work of the Irente Rainbow School, a special education school for students with developmental disabilities in Lushoto, Tanzania.
Автор: Evans, Hausladen, Kosec & Reese Название: Community-Based Conditional Cash Transfers In Tanzania ISBN: 146480141X ISBN-13(EAN): 9781464801419 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 3465.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Given the success of conditional cash transfer (CCT) programmes elsewhere, in 2010 the Government of Tanzania rolled out a pilot CCT programme in three districts. Its aim was to see if, using a model relying on communities to target beneficiaries and deliver payments, the programme could improve outcomes for the poor the way centrally-run CCT programmes have in other contexts. The programme provided cash payments to poor households, but conditioned payments on complying with certain health and education requirements. Given scarce resources, the Government randomly selected 40 out of 80 eligible villages to receive the pilot programme. Households in participating and comparison villages were broadly comparable at baseline. This report describes the programme and the results of a rigorous, mixed methods impact evaluation.Two and a half years into the programme, participating households were healthier and more educated. Health improvements due to the CCT programme were greatest for the poorest half of households - the poorest of the poor. They experienced a half a day per month reduction in sick days on average, and poor children age 0-4 in particular had a full day per month reduction in sick days. In education, the programme showed clear positive impacts on whether children had ever attended school and on whether they completed Standard 7. Households were also more likely to buy shoes for children, which can promote both health and school attendance.In response to the programme, households also made investments to reduce risk: Participating households were much more likely to finance medical care with insurance and much more likely to purchase health insurance than were their comparison counterparts. The programme did not significantly affect savings on average, although it did increase non-bank savings amongst the poorest half of households. Participating households also invested in more livestock assets, which they used to create small enterprises. The programme did not, however, have significant impacts on food consumption.On the whole, the results suggest that households focused on reducing risk and on improving their livelihoods rather than principally on increasing consumption. There is also evidence that the project had positive effects on community cohesion.
Описание: This book discusses how a global effort to fight climate change by reducing carbon emissions in the forestry sector in developing countries (known as REDD+) have affected the rights of indigenous peoples and local communities in Indonesia and Tanzania. This title is also available as Open Access.
Автор: Mligo, Elia Shabani Mshana, Devotha Lawrence Название: Community secondary schools in tanzania ISBN: 1532641176 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781532641176 Издательство: Неизвестно Рейтинг: Цена: 4594.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Explores an airborne radar system that will help to improve the function of airborne radar and self-deception spoofing jammer sources. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics, such as doppler straddling loss, spoofing systems, and radar platform modeling, this book is aimed at academics, researchers, and students seeking current research on radar signal processing in the field of aviation.
Описание: A long-term analysis of development projects in rural Tanzania, tracing the improvised, reactive nature of small-scale interventions, aimed at staving off the threat posed by acute poverty to local governments` legitimacy and effectiveness.
Описание: This book examines how the "ABC" behaviors-Abstinence, Being faithful, and Condom use- can be promoted more effectively with young rural Africans. It draws on an extraordinarily large qualitative study affiliated with a randomized controlled trial in Tanzania.
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