The works collected in The Lure of Authoritarianism consider the normative appeal of authoritarianism in light of the 2011 popular uprisings in the Middle East. Despite what seemed to be a popular revolution in favor of more democratic politics, there has instead been a slide back toward authoritarian regimes that merely gesture toward notions of democracy. In the chaos that followed the Arab Spring, societies were lured by the prospect of strong leaders with firm guiding hands. The shift toward normalizing these regimes seems sudden, but the works collected in this volume document a gradual shift toward support for authoritarianism over democracy that stretches back decades in North Africa. Contributors consider the ideological, socioeconomic, and security-based justifications of authoritarianism as well as the surprising and vigorous reestablishment of authoritarianism in these regions. With careful attention to local variations and differences in political strategies, the volume provides a nuanced and sweeping consideration of the changes in the Middle East in the past and what they mean for the future.
Описание: This study assesses the potential for job creation through infrastructure investment in the Middle East and North Africa. The region has experience in making the most of infrastructure investments, but maintaining and spreading the momentum in infrastructure will be important to support future growth and job creation. To do so, policymakers will have to recognize that there are large differences in initial conditions across the region in terms of starting stock, needs, fiscal commitments, private sector participation and job creation potential. Overall, the region’s infrastructure needs through 2020 are quite large and estimated at about 106 billion dollars per year or 6.9 percent of the annual regional GDP. The differences in infrastructure and maintenance needs across sub-regions are also impressive, with developing oil exporters expected to require almost 11 percent of their GDP annually, while the oil importing countries and the GCC oil exporters expected to need approximately 6 and 5 percent of their GDP, respectively. Investment and rehabilitation needs are likely to be especially high in the electricity and transport sectors, particularly roads. Rehabilitation needs are expected to account for slightly more than half of total infrastructure needs. While oil exporters will be able to meet their national infrastructure needs if they maintain investment spending at rates prevailing in the 2000s, oil importers will fall short. The infrastructure sector has the potential to contribute to employment creation in MENA. The region could generate 2.0 million direct jobs and 2.5 million direct, indirect and induced infrastructure-related jobs just by meeting estimated, annual investment needs. However, the potential varies greatly across countries, and infrastructure alone will not resolve MENA’s unemployment problem. Going forward, decisions on what types of public spending to expand and what to downsize in order to achieve balanced budgets will have important implications for jobs. In designing country specific solutions, governments will have to tackle predictable challenges: the governance of job creation, the proper targeting and fiscal costs assessment of subsidies needed to create jobs, the design and fiscal costs of the (re)training programs needed and the expectations on the job creation effects of infrastructure.
Название: North african women after the arab spring ISBN: 3319499254 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783319499253 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 16769.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Adopting an interdisciplinary perspective, the contributors discuss a host of questions related to women and gender in the Arab world and address the broader question of why women`s efforts and momentum during the revolution did not seem to pay off the same way they did for men.
Автор: George Joffe Название: North Africa`s Arab Spring ISBN: 0415629837 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780415629836 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 7961.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book examines and analyses the complex background to the events of the Arab Spring in North Africa. The contributors to this publication have studied the contemporary politics of North Africa for many years, either as participants or as commentators. This book was first published as a special issue of The Journal of North African Studies.
Название: Beyond the Arab Spring in North Africa ISBN: 1498547230 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781498547239 Издательство: Bloomsbury Рейтинг: Цена: 14702.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book explores specific problems related to the phenomenon of the Arab Spring in North Africa. These topics include sexual minorities, youth, and gender issues, as well as broader themes covering the ideological, social, political, and religious backgrounds of the Arab Spring.
Автор: Touaf Larbi, Boutkhil Soumia, Nasri Chourouq Название: North African Women After the Arab Spring: In the Eye of the Storm ISBN: 3319842765 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783319842769 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 16769.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Adopting an interdisciplinary perspective, the contributors discuss a host of questions related to women and gender in the Arab world and address the broader question of why women`s efforts and momentum during the revolution did not seem to pay off the same way they did for men.
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