Are mass violence and catastrophes the only forces that can seriously decrease economic inequality? To judge by thousands of years of history, the answer is yes. Tracing the global history of inequality from the Stone Age to today, Walter Scheidel shows that inequality never dies peacefully. Inequality declines when carnage and disaster strike and increases when peace and stability return. The Great Leveler is the first book to chart the crucial role of violent shocks in reducing inequality over the full sweep of human history around the world.
Ever since humans began to farm, herd livestock, and pass on their assets to future generations, economic inequality has been a defining feature of civilization. Over thousands of years, only violent events have significantly lessened inequality. The "Four Horsemen" of leveling--mass-mobilization warfare, transformative revolutions, state collapse, and catastrophic plagues--have repeatedly destroyed the fortunes of the rich. Scheidel identifies and examines these processes, from the crises of the earliest civilizations to the cataclysmic world wars and communist revolutions of the twentieth century. Today, the violence that reduced inequality in the past seems to have diminished, and that is a good thing. But it casts serious doubt on the prospects for a more equal future.
An essential contribution to the debate about inequality, The Great Leveler provides important new insights about why inequality is so persistent--and why it is unlikely to decline anytime soon.
Автор: Steed, Christopher Название: A question of inequality : the politics of equal worth ISBN: 1788311531 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781788311533 Издательство: Macmillan Рейтинг: Цена: 16300.00 р. 23285.00-30% Наличие на складе: Есть (1 шт.) Описание: Inequality is widening. In the twenty-first century, the gap between those who have more and those who have less is growing: 1 per cent of the world owns as much as the other 99 per cent. Should we be worried? Christopher Steed, author of the acclaimed A Question of Worth, argues that inequality does indeed matter: that economic fairness is one of the defining issues of our time. In a world conditioned by social media, enabling intensified social comparison, the anxieties and effects of contemporary inequality are a cause for huge concern. Despite a wealth of research around inequality most studies have concentrated on its quantitative aspects. In A Question of Inequality, Christopher Steed is concerned with exploring why inequality matters, what it means for those who find themselves victims of it, and what can be done about it. He probes what it means to experience inequality, drawing out case studies on the effects of poverty. In proposing a theory of social relativity the author provides new insights into the effects and meaning of inequality and makes an original and important contribution to a key issue facing the world today.
Описание: Vacant lots. Historic buildings overgrown with weeds. Walls and alleyways covered with graffiti. These are sights associated with countless inner-city neighborhoods in America, and yet many viewers have trouble getting beyond the surface of such images, whether they are denigrating them as signs of a dangerous ghetto or romanticizing them as traits of a beautiful ruined landscape. The Street: A Field Guide to Inequality provides readers with the critical tools they need to go beyond such superficial interpretations of urban decay. Using MacArthur fellow Camilo Jos? Vergara's intimate street photographs of Camden, New Jersey as reference points, the essays in this collection analyze these images within the context of troubled histories and misguided policies that have exacerbated racial and economic inequalities. Rather than blaming Camden's residents for the blighted urban landscape, the multidisciplinary array of scholars contributing to this guide reveal the oppressive structures and institutional failures that have led the city to this condition. Tackling topics such as race and law enforcement, gentrification, food deserts, urban aesthetics, credit markets, health care, childcare, and schooling, the contributors challenge conventional thinking about what we should observe when looking at neighborhoods.
Автор: Street, Joe Название: Culture war in the civil rights movement ISBN: 0813054877 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780813054872 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 2502.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: From Aretha Franklin and James Baldwin to Dick Gregory and Martin Luther King, the civil rights movement deliberately used music, art, theater, and literature as political weapons to broaden the struggle and legitimize its appeal.Joe Street places these cultural forms at the center of the civil rights struggle, arguing that the time has come to recognize the extent to which African American history and culture were vital elements of the movement, calculated to broaden the movement's appeal within the larger black community. He places considerable emphasis on Amiri Baraka's interpretation of the importance of music and art to the development of black nationalist thought in the 1960s, especially as expressed in his jazz criticism and plays.Drawing upon a wide variety of sources, from the Free Southern Theater to freedom songs, from the Cuban radio broadcasts of Robert F. Williams to the art of the Black Panther Party, Street encourages us to consider the breadth of forces brought to bear as weapons in the struggle for civil rights. Doing so also allows us to reconsider the roots of Black Power, recognizing that it emerged both from within and as a critique of the southern integrationist movement.
Автор: David J. Leonard Название: Playing While White: Privilege and Power on and off the Field ISBN: 0295741872 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780295741871 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 13794.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание:
Playing While White argues that whiteness matters in sports culture, both on and off the field. Offering critical analysis of athletic stars such as Johnny Manziel, Marshall Henderson, Jordan Spieth, Lance Armstrong, Josh Hamilton, as well as the predominantly white cultures of NASCAR and extreme sports, David Leonard identifies how whiteness is central to the commodification of athletes and the sports they play.
Leonard demonstrates that sporting cultures are a key site in the trafficking of racial ideas, narratives, and ideologies. He identifies how white athletes are frequently characterized as intelligent leaders who are presumed innocent of the kinds of transgressions black athletes are often pathologized for. With an analysis of the racial dynamics of sports traditions as varied as football, cycling, hockey, baseball, tennis, snowboarding, and soccer, as well as the reception and media portrayals of specific white athletes, Leonard examines how and why whiteness matters within sports and what that tells us about race in the twenty-first century United States.
If you're a passionate photographer and you're ready to take your work to the next level, The Enthusiast's Guide book series was created just for you. Whether you're diving head first into a new topic or exploring a classic theme, Enthusiast's Guides are designed to help you quickly learn more about a topic or subject so that you can improve your photography.
The Enthusiast's Guide to Night and Low-Light Photography: 50 Photographic Principles You Need to Know teaches you how to shoot compelling images at night and in low-light situations. Chapters are broken down into a series of numbered lessons, with each lesson providing what you need to improve your photography. In this book, which is divided into five chapters that include 50 photographic principles to help you create great images, photographer and author Alan Hess covers all the necessary gear and camera settings, as well as topics such as light painting, photographing the night sky, shooting great cityscapes, and post-processing techniques that will bring out the best in your photographs. Example lessons include:
Using Manual exposure mode is the best way to go
Focusing in low light
Mounts, clamps, and other ways to keep the camera stable
How high can you push the ISO
Creating low-light portraits
How to get those starburst street lights
Correcting the tones in your image
Written in a friendly and approachable manner and illustrated with examples that drive home each lesson, The Enthusiast's Guide to Night and Low-Light Photography is designed to be effective and efficient, friendly and fun. Read an entire chapter at once, or read just one topic at a time. With either approach, you'll quickly learn a lot so you can head out with your camera to capture great shots.
Описание: Deep Inequality looks behind statistics to understand not only wealth inequality but also rising disparities in other elements of life-from education to the media. The authors argue that inequality has become so pervasive that it is the new normal. This book explains the changing landscape of inequality to help readers see society in a new way.
Автор: Alexander Medcalf Название: Railway Photographic Advertising in Britain, 1900-1939 ISBN: 3319708562 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783319708560 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 12577.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание:
This book explores the phenomenal resources dedicated to understanding and encouraging passengers to consume travel from 1900 to 1939, analysing how place and travel were presented for sale. Using the Great Western Railway as a chief case study, as well as a range of its competitors both on and off the rails, Alexander Medcalf unravels the complex and ever-changing processes behind corporate sales communications. This volume analyses exactly how the company pictured passengers in the countryside, at the seaside, in the urban landscape and in the company’s vehicles. This thematic approach brings transport and business history thoroughly in line with tourism and leisure history as well as studies in visual culture.
Автор: Chloe N. Thurston Название: At the Boundaries of Homeownership ISBN: 1108434525 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781108434522 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 3643.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Homeownership is a paradox of American culture: a symbol of capitalist meritocracy, yet historically made possible by an activist government that few citizens recognize. This book examines the development of homeownership policy as part of this hidden welfare state and its transformation to include previously excluded groups over the twentieth century.
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