Описание: Bread was the staple of the ancient Mediterranean diet. Inscriptions, Roman law, and material remains of Roman-period bakeries are combined to expose the cultural context of bread making, the economic context of commercial baking, the social hierarchy within the workforces of bakeries, and the socio-economic strategies of Roman bakers.
Автор: Steven Laurence Kaplan Название: Bakers of Paris and the Bread Question, 1700-1775 ISBN: 0822317060 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780822317067 Издательство: Wiley EDC Рейтинг: Цена: 13556.00 р. Наличие на складе: Поставка под заказ.
Описание:
In preindustrial Europe, dependence on grain shaped every phase of life from economic development to spiritual expression, and the problem of subsistence dominated the everyday order of things in a merciless and unremitting way. Steven Laurence Kaplan’s The Bakers of Paris and the Bread Question, 1700–1775 focuses on the production and distribution of France’s most important commodity in the sprawling urban center of eighteenth-century Paris where provisioning needs were most acutely felt and most difficult to satisfy. Kaplan shows how the relentless demand for bread constructed the pattern of daily life in Paris as decisively and subtly as elaborate protocol governed the social life at Versailles. Despite the overpowering salience of bread in public and private life, Kaplan’s is the first inquiry into the ways bread exercised its vast and significant empire. Bread framed dreams as well as nightmares. It was the staff of life, the medium of communion, a topic of common discourse, and a mark of tradition as well as transcendence. In his exploration of bread’s materiality and cultural meaning, Kaplan looks at bread’s fashioning of identity and examines the conditions of supply and demand in the marketplace. He also sets forth a complete history of the bakers and their guild, and unmasks the methods used by the authorities in their efforts to regulate trade. Because the bakers and their bread were central to Parisian daily life, Kaplan’s study is also a comprehensive meditation on an entire society, its government, and its capacity to endure. Long-awaited by French history scholars, The Bakers of Paris and the Bread Question, 1700–1775 is a landmark in eighteenth-century historiography, a book that deeply contextualizes, and thus enriches our understanding of one of the most important eras in European history.
Описание: For a long time, everything revolved around bread. Providing more than half of people’s daily calories, bread was the life-source of Europe for centuries. In the middle of 19th century, a third of household expenditure was spent on bread. Why, then, does it only account for 0.8% of expenditure and just 12% of daily calories today?In this book, Peter Scholliers delves into the history of bread to map out its defining moments and people. From the price revolution of the 1890s that led to affordable and pure white bread, to the taste revolution of the 1990s that ushered in healthy brown bread, he studies consumers, bakers and governments to explain how and why this food that once powered an entire continent has fallen by the wayside, and what this means for the modern age. From prices and consumption to legislation and technology, Scholliers shows how the history of bread has been shaped by subtle cultural shifts as well as top-down decisions from ruling bodies. From the small home baker to booming factories, he follows changes in agriculture, transport, production and policy since the 19th century to explain why bread, once the centre of everything, is not so today.
Описание: For a long time, everything revolved around bread. Providing more than half of people’s daily calories, bread was the life-source of Europe for centuries. In the middle of 19th century, a third of household expenditure was spent on bread. Why, then, does it only account for 0.8% of expenditure and just 12% of daily calories today?In this book, Peter Scholliers delves into the history of bread to map out its defining moments and people. From the price revolution of the 1890s that led to affordable and pure white bread, to the taste revolution of the 1990s that ushered in healthy brown bread, he studies consumers, bakers and governments to explain how and why this food that once powered an entire continent has fallen by the wayside, and what this means for the modern age. From prices and consumption to legislation and technology, Scholliers shows how the history of bread has been shaped by subtle cultural shifts as well as top-down decisions from ruling bodies. From the small home baker to booming factories, he follows changes in agriculture, transport, production and policy since the 19th century to explain why bread, once the centre of everything, is not so today.
If you want to discover the captivating history of the Middle Ages, then keep reading...
One of the least understood periods of European history occurred between the 6th century and the 14th or 15th century (depending on which historian you ask). Commonly called the Middle Ages, this was a time period of extreme change for Europe, beginning with the fall of the Western Roman Empire. To a continent that had seen a drastic shift in the power structure, the world seemed to be particularly harsh. Rome had been a major player across Europe for well over a millennium. Then it was gone.
This is also a time period that still inspires art, literature, and philosophy today. There were men who lived during the Middle Ages who are still quoted and revered today, such as Saint Thomas Aquinas. They were almost always men of the cloth (religious men), but not always. People still enjoy the works of Geoffrey Chaucer, a famous writer who was also a merchant. The architecture of this time has also been used and reused for many centuries as well. The cathedrals and castles built during the Middle Ages still remain while younger structures have long since crumbled. Perhaps the most famous architecture from the time though is known as the Gothic style. The look and feel of the Gothic style have inspired many generations, including the Romantics of the 1800s and the horror/mystery genre that is still so popular today. However, it was the birth of universities that reflects the thinking of the time. Prior to the Middle Ages, there was no higher education.
Many of the institutions and ideas that the men of the Renaissance would explore began during the Middle Ages. It was a time when Europe healed from the fall of one superpower and transitioned into something that more closely resembled the map of Europe today. It would undergo many more changes in the years following the Middle Ages, but nations began to find their identities without their Roman overlords.
In The Middle Ages: A Captivating Guide to the History of Europe, Starting from the Fall of the Western Roman Empire Through the Black Death to the Beginning of the Renaissance, you will discover topics such as:
Fall of the Western Roman Empire
Stewards of the Future
The Rise of the Byzantine Empire
Reclaiming Spain and Expanding One of the Strongest and Earliest Kingdoms of the Middle Ages
Charlemagne
A Brief Return to the Empire
Otto I and His New Empire
The Great Schism
The Famous (or Infamous) Crusades
Forging a New England
The Hundred Years' War
The Horrors of Nature
Higher Education and The Gothic Period
How the Middle Ages Advanced Education and Architecture
The Renaissance
And much, much more
Автор: Schull, Kent Название: The Ottoman Empire ISBN: 0415730740 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780415730747 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 3826.00 р. Наличие на складе: Поставка под заказ.
Автор: Garzetti Название: From Tiberius to the Antonines (Routledge Revivals) ISBN: 1138019216 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781138019218 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 8420.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание:
The first two centuries of the Christian era were largely a period of consolidation for the Roman Empire. However, the history of the heyday of Roman imperium is far from dull, for Augustus' successors ranged from capable administrators - Tiberius, Claudius and Hadrian - to near-madmen like Caligula and the amateur gladiator Commodus, who might have wrecked the system but for its inherent strength.
Albino Garzetti's classic From Tiberius to the Antonines, first publishedin 1960, presents a definitive account of this fascinating period, which combines a clear and readable narrative with a thorough discussion of the methodological problems and primary sources. Regarding difficult historical questions, it can be relied upon for careful and reasonable judgments based on a full mastery of an immense amount of material. Nearly three hundred pages of critical notes and a comprehensive bibliography complement the text, ensuring its continuing relevance for all students of Roman history.
Автор: Schull, Kent Название: The Ottoman Empire ISBN: 0415730732 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780415730730 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 11484.00 р. Наличие на складе: Поставка под заказ.
If you want to discover the captivating history of the Middle Ages, then keep reading...
One of the least understood periods of European history occurred between the 6th century and the 14th or 15th century (depending on which historian you ask). Commonly called the Middle Ages, this was a time period of extreme change for Europe, beginning with the fall of the Western Roman Empire. To a continent that had seen a drastic shift in the power structure, the world seemed to be particularly harsh. Rome had been a major player across Europe for well over a millennium. Then it was gone.
This is also a time period that still inspires art, literature, and philosophy today. There were men who lived during the Middle Ages who are still quoted and revered today, such as Saint Thomas Aquinas. They were almost always men of the cloth (religious men), but not always. People still enjoy the works of Geoffrey Chaucer, a famous writer who was also a merchant. The architecture of this time has also been used and reused for many centuries as well. The cathedrals and castles built during the Middle Ages still remain while younger structures have long since crumbled. Perhaps the most famous architecture from the time though is known as the Gothic style. The look and feel of the Gothic style have inspired many generations, including the Romantics of the 1800s and the horror/mystery genre that is still so popular today. However, it was the birth of universities that reflects the thinking of the time. Prior to the Middle Ages, there was no higher education.
Many of the institutions and ideas that the men of the Renaissance would explore began during the Middle Ages. It was a time when Europe healed from the fall of one superpower and transitioned into something that more closely resembled the map of Europe today. It would undergo many more changes in the years following the Middle Ages, but nations began to find their identities without their Roman overlords.
In The Middle Ages: A Captivating Guide to the History of Europe, Starting from the Fall of the Western Roman Empire Through the Black Death to the Beginning of the Renaissance, you will discover topics such as:
Fall of the Western Roman Empire
Stewards of the Future
The Rise of the Byzantine Empire
Reclaiming Spain and Expanding One of the Strongest and Earliest Kingdoms of the Middle Ages
Charlemagne
A Brief Return to the Empire
Otto I and His New Empire
The Great Schism
The Famous (or Infamous) Crusades
Forging a New England
The Hundred Years' War
The Horrors of Nature
Higher Education and The Gothic Period
How the Middle Ages Advanced Education and Architecture
The Renaissance
And much, much more
Автор: Barnes Timothy Название: Constantine ISBN: 1118782755 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781118782750 Издательство: Wiley Рейтинг: Цена: 3952.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Drawing on recent scholarly advances and new evidence, Timothy Barnes offers a fresh and exciting study of Constantine and his life. Constantine: Dynasty, Religion and Power in the Later Roman Empire clearly sets out the problems associated with depictions of Constantine and answers them with great clarity.
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