The Ethics of Educational Healthcare Placements in Low and Middle Income Countries: First Do No Harm?, Ahmed Anya, Ackers-Johnson James, Ackers Helen Louise
Описание: This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license.This book examines the current state of elective placements of medical undergraduate students in developing countries and their impact on health care education at home.
Описание: Many middle- and low-income countries are experiencing rapid urbanization, which creates a need for services, including sanitation. While some areas in some towns and cities are sewered, most people, especially the urban poor, continue to use various forms of on-site sanitation. These require periodic emptying and the material removed from them must be treated before reuse or discharge to the environment. Faecal Sludge and Septage Treatment confronts the urgent need to treat increasing volumes of faecal sludge and septage in the rapidly expanding towns and cities of the global south. It discusses the urban contexts that influence treatment requirements and overall septage treatment processes. It examines the options and design approaches at each stage of treatment, from reception, through preliminary treatment, solids - liquid separation, anaerobic and aerobic treatment of the separated liquid and solid fractions to systems to render treated products suitable for reuse in either agriculture or as a fuel. Faecal Sludge and Septage Treatment provides straightforward guidance on the options for faecal sludge treatment and the choices between those options. All concepts and approaches are clearly explained so as to make Faecal Sludge and Septage Treatment accessible to a non-specialist readership. Faecal Sludge and Septage Treatment is essential reading for planners and engineers working in local government; specialist central government departments; NGOs and consulting firms working on the planning and design of septage treatment plants; researchers and students studying urban sanitation.
Описание: OverviewBy James Heiby, USAIDOverall introduction to the book that explains the purpose of the book, a short explanation of what the improvement process is about, and briefly discusses what the book is not covering. Part 1: Facility-level improvement Case 1: Improving Quality of Care for Respiratory Tract Infections in Children: The Role of Capacity Building and Coaching in Supporting a Multi-Facility Improvement Team in Samtredia District, Georgia
By Tamar Chitashvili and Ekaterine Cherkezishvili, University Research Co., LLC
This case study describes the experience of a multi-facility quality improvement team in Imereti's Samtredia District in Georgia that addressed the quality of care for respiratory tract infections among children. The case study details the design and implementation of the improvement effort, and provides details about the capacity building and coaching support provided to the team that helped lead to improved health outcomes. Case 2: Integrating Gender to Improve Outcomes in an elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV Program at Ivukula Health Center III in Eastern Uganda
By Taroub Faramand, WI-HER, LLC
In partnership with Uganda's Ministry of Health, United States Agency for International Development (USAID)-funded projects joined expertise in quality improvement and nutrition to put into practice an initiative that addressed all aspects of ensuring healthy HIV-free infants. This case study focuses on how a successful pilot team in eastern Uganda used quality improvement tools to identify clinic inefficiencies and put into action a plan to eliminate mother-to-child transmission of HIV and improve nutrition assessment, care and support services. Case 3: Improving HIV counseling and testing in tuberculosis service delivery in Ukraine: it all starts with one good team
By Nilufar Rakhmanova, FHI 360
Because TB and HIV programs in Ukraine functioned separately as vertical programs-focusing on specific health conditions-they often missed a window of opportunity for diagnosing HIV at an earlier phase of infection. This case study describes how a successful pilot team in Chervonograd, Ukraine used quality improvement methods to raise the rates of HIV counseling and testing offered to clients tested for TB and how the team scaled up its successes to other sites. Part 2: Community-level improvement Case 4: Strengthening accessibility of services to most vulnerable children through quality improvement approaches in community settings: Case of Bagamoyo district, Tanzania
By Flora Nyagawa, University Research Co., LLC
This case study describes a quality improvement approach to ensure implementation of the National Quality Improvement Guidelines for Most Vulnerable Children in Bagamoyo District, Tanzania. The case study largely focuses on the steps needed to organize improvement efforts; including how project participants formed teams, carried out introductory visits, initiated district and ward efforts, conducted baseline assessments, and built capacity. Case 5: Addressing behavior change with quality improvement methods in Guatemala
By Elena Hurtado, University Research Co., LLC
In Guatemala, quality improvement and collaborative learning methods were applied to two social and behavior change (SBCC) interventions to strengthen families' health and nutrition-related knowledge and behaviors. This case details the organization of the quality improvement effort and team formation, the role of coaches, and explores challenges to making the improvements a permanent part of health services.
