Описание: This edited collection is an interdisciplinary study of gems in the early modern world. It examines the relations between the art, science, and technology of gems, and it does so against the backdrop of an expanding global trade in gems. The eleven chapters are organised into three parts. The first part sets the scene by describing how gems moved around the early modern world, how they were set in motion, and how they were pulled together in the course of their travels. The second part is about value. It asks why people valued gems, how they determined the value of a given gem, and how the value of a gem was connected to its perceived place of origin. The third part deals with the skills involved in cutting, polishing, and mounting gems, and how these skills were transmitted and articulated by artisans. The common themes of all these chapters are materials, knowledge and global trade. The contributors to this volume focus on the material properties of gems such as their weight and hardness, on the knowledge involved in exchanging them and valuing them, and on the cultural consequences of the expanding trade in gems in Eurasia and the Americas.
The English East India Company was one of the most powerful and enduring organizations in history. Between Monopoly and Free Trade locates the source of that success in the innovative policy by which the Company's Court of Directors granted employees the right to pursue their own commercial interests while in the firm's employ. Exploring trade network dynamics, decision-making processes, and ports and organizational context, Emily Erikson demonstrates why the English East India Company was a dominant force in the expansion of trade between Europe and Asia, and she sheds light on the related problems of why England experienced rapid economic development and how the relationship between Europe and Asia shifted in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
Though the Company held a monopoly on English overseas trade to Asia, the Court of Directors extended the right to trade in Asia to their employees, creating an unusual situation in which employees worked both for themselves and for the Company as overseas merchants. Building on the organizational infrastructure of the Company and the sophisticated commercial institutions of the markets of the East, employees constructed a cohesive internal network of peer communications that directed English trading ships during their voyages. This network integrated Company operations, encouraged innovation, and increased the Company's flexibility, adaptability, and responsiveness to local circumstance. Between Monopoly and Free Trade highlights the dynamic potential of social networks in the early modern era.
Автор: M. Goff Patricia Название: Trade and Culture: The Ongoing Debate ISBN: 036763998X ISBN-13(EAN): 9780367639983 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 22202.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This volume explores the different approaches to the trade and culture debate and provide an up-to-date look at current versions of these policies in Canada, the European Union, South Africa, Latin America, South Korea, the United States and China.
Описание: As the first exporter of cultural goods and services, the United States has long held that such products should be treated like any other merchandise and be liberalized. On the other hand, for countries such as France and Canada who are concerned about the impact of economic globalization and the digital revolution on their cultural identity, cultural products should be exempted from economic liberalization or subject to a cultural exception. These conflicting views and interests between states as to the treatment of cultural products in international economic law lie at the hearth of the trade and culture debate. These differences have led to serious tensions over the liberalization of cultural services within the World Trade Organization, as well as to a Convention within UNESCO to recognize the economic and cultural character of cultural products and the states' right to pursue cultural policies. With most states still not keen on liberalizing the cultural sector and the stalemate in the Doha Round, the United States has turned to preferential trade agreements to secure its policy preferences on the treatment of cultural products. Since the beginning of the twenty-first century, the US government has concluded eleven trade agreements grouping sixteen countries and has been involved in three sets of plurilateral negotiations, with major implications for the evolution of the trade and culture debate.
Автор: Philip Bowring Название: Empire of the Winds: The Global Role of Asia`s Great Archipelago ISBN: 1350162345 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781350162341 Издательство: Bloomsbury Academic Рейтинг: Цена: 3483.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание:
Nusantaria - often referred to as 'Maritime Southeast Asia' - is the world's largest archipelago and has, for centuries, been a vital cultural and trading hub. Nusantara, a Sanskrit, then Malay, word referring to an island realm, is here adapted to become Nusantaria - denoting a slightly wider world but one with a single linguistic, cultural and trading base. Nusantaria encompasses the lands and shores created by the melting of the ice following the last Ice Age. These have long been primarily the domain of the Austronesian-speaking peoples and their seafaring traditions. The surrounding waters have always been uniquely important as a corridor connecting East Asia to India, the Middle East, Europe and Africa.
In this book, Philip Bowring provides a history of the world's largest and most important archipelago and its adjacent coasts. He tells the story of the peoples and lands located at this crucial maritime and cultural crossroads, from its birth following the last Ice Age to today.
Автор: Baiman, Ron Название: The Global Free Trade Error ISBN: 0367872358 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780367872359 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 6430.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book provides a detailed analysis and counter-poses alternative Neo-Marxist "unequal exchange" foundational models of global trade and finance. In the first part of the book the three core free trade models are respectively demonstrated to be: overdetermined, inapplicable, and infeasible. In the second part of the book unequal exchange
Автор: Mehta Devendra N. Название: Free Trade Fallacies Falsehoods & Foolishness: Election 2020 ISBN: 1664124691 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781664124691 Издательство: Неизвестно Рейтинг: Цена: 2344.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: In America, our stores are full of goods "made in China"-in the Home Depots, Macy's, Walmarts, Targets, Dick's Sporting Goods, Best Buy's, furniture stores, shoe stores, apparel stores, etc. Also, all sorts of electronic goods ranging from Apple iPhones, iPads, Mac books, other computers, TV sets; even steel, some cars; and pharmaceuticals-a lot of these we order online and in Amazon-all are made in China. As a result of all these, the American people's money, jobs, industries/factories, manufacturing skills, and know-how are lost to China. Thus, China has become richer with American people's money while America becomes poorer; China becomes stronger while America becomes weaker. China's military power around the world rises, whereas America's power is reduced. China also steals American research, technology, intellectual property through its students attending American universities and colleges. If this situation is not reversed China will terrorize America and the world. This book is about reversing that situation.
Автор: Gerald P. O`Driscoll Название: Free Trade within North America: Expanding Trade for Prosperity ISBN: 0792392914 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780792392910 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 23757.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Focuses on the potential for liberalized trade between North and South America. This volume is one of the first reviews of the North American Free Trade Agreement.
Автор: Melchior Название: Free Trade Agreements and Globalisation ISBN: 3319928333 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783319928333 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 11179.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Using a new world trade model, he then presents new evidence on the impact of trade agreements, the value of trade, the impact of China`s growth and the West`s industrial decline, and the role of reciprocity in trade policy.
Central American countries have long defined health as a human right. But in recent years regional trade agreements have ushered in aggressive intellectual property reforms, undermining this conception. Questions of IP and health provisions are pivotal to both human rights advocacy and "free" trade policy, and as this book chronicles, complex political battles have developed across the region.
Looking at events in Costa Rica, El Salvador, and Guatemala, Angelina Godoy argues that human rights advocates need to approach intellectual property law as more than simply a roster of regulations. IP represents the cutting edge of a global tendency to value all things in market terms: Life forms—from plants to human genetic sequences—are rendered commodities, and substances necessary to sustain life—medicines—are restricted to insure corporate profits. If we argue only over the terms of IP protection without confronting the underlying logic governing our trade agreements, then human rights advocates will lose even when they win.
Автор: Naoi Название: Building Legislative Coalitions for Free Trade in Asia ISBN: 1107037034 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781107037038 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 14890.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: What accounts for the large reduction in trade barriers among new democracies in Asia after World War II? Using new data from Japan and Thailand, this book provides a surprising answer: politicians, especially party leaders, liberalized trade by buying off legislative support with side-payments such as pork barrel projects.
Автор: Chandra, Alexander C. Название: Indonesia and the asean free trade agreement ISBN: 0739116207 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780739116203 Издательство: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers Цена: 23232.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Chandra provides a political-economic analysis of the dynamic relationship between ASEAN economic integration and Indonesian nationalism. This book is suitable for those interested in contemporary Southeast Asian affairs.
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