Advanced and Applied Studies on Ultra-Trace Rare Earth Elements (Rees) in Carbonates Using Sn-Icpms and La-Icpms, Wu Chung-Che

Introduction.- Approach I: Direct determination of carbonate REES in femtogram quantities by solution nebulization-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(SN-ICPMS).- Application I: Pinatubo volcanic eruption exacerbated an abrupt coral mortality event in 1991 summer.- Approach II: Highly-sensitive open-cell laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(LA-ICPMS) approaches for the quantification of rare earth elements in carbonates at parts-per-billion levels.- Application II: Stalagmite-based micro-domain tephra fingerprints in East Timor between 88 to 78 ka BP.- Summary and perspective.