Описание: Featuring case studies and discussion questions, this textbook with revisions addressing significant changes to US food law offers accessible coverage appropriate to a wide audience of students and professionals.
Why are American cities, suburbs, and towns so distinct? Compared to European cities, those in the United States are characterized by lower densities and greater distances; neat, geometric layouts; an abundance of green space; a greater level of social segregation reflected in space; and—perhaps most noticeably—a greater share of individual, single-family detached housing. In Zoned in the USA, Sonia A. Hirt argues that zoning laws are among the important but understudied reasons for the cross-continental differences.Hirt shows that rather than being imported from Europe, U.S. municipal zoning law was in fact an institution that quickly developed its own, distinctly American profile. A distinct spatial culture of individualism—founded on an ideal of separate, single-family residences apart from the dirt and turmoil of industrial and agricultural production—has driven much of municipal regulation, defined land-use, and, ultimately, shaped American life. Hirt explores municipal zoning from a comparative and international perspective, drawing on archival resources and contemporary land-use laws from England, Germany, France, Australia, Russia, Canada, and Japan to challenge assumptions about American cities and the laws that guide them.
From local bike-sharing initiatives to overhauls of transport infrastructure, mobility is one of the most important areas in which modern cities are trying to realize a more sustainable future. Yet even as politicians and planners look ahead, there remain critical insights to be gleaned from the history of urban mobility and the unsustainable practices that still impact our everyday lives. United by their pursuit of a “usable past,” the studies in this interdisciplinary collection consider the ecological, social, and economic aspects of urban mobility, showing how historical inquiry can make both conceptual and practical contributions to the projects of sustainability and urban renewal.
Автор: Finck Michиle, Lamping Matthias, Moscon Valentina Название: Smart Urban Mobility: Law, Regulation, and Policy ISBN: 3662619199 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783662619193 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 19564.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Smart Urban Mobility as a Regulatory Challenge.- Part I: Public Perspective.- Governing a Risky Relationship Between Sustainability and Smart Mobility.- Environmental Implications of the EU's Urban Mobility Agenda.- Smart Mobility, Transport Poverty and the Legal Framework of Inclusive Mobility.- Local Leadership and Its Limits in the Deployment of Sustainable Mobility Policies.- Some Public Procurement Challenges in Supporting and Delivering Smart Urban Mobility: Procurement Data, Discretion and Expertise.- Governing Smart Spaces Through Autonomous Vehicles.- Part II: Business Perspective.- mart Urban Mobility: A Positive or Negative IP Space? A Case Study to Test the Role of IP in Fostering Digital Data-Driven Innovation.- Sharing or Platform Urban Mobility? Propertization from Mass to MaaS.- Collaborative Platforms and Data Pools for Smart Urban Societies and Mobility as a Service (MaaS) from a Competition Law Perspective.- Smart Mobility and Technological Compatibility from an Antitrust Perspective.- Efficient Mobility: Lessons on Dynamic Pricing and Sustainable Passenger Service.- Part III: Citizens' Perspective.- Location Data as Contractual Counter-Performance: A Consumer Perspective on Recent EU Legislation.- Yes Means No(thing): Bridging Consent in Contract Law and Data Protection in the Context of Smart Mobility.- Private Ordering of Online Platforms in Smart Urban Mobility: The Case of Uber's Rating System.- Challenges to Locational Privacy: The Transformation of Urban Mobility.
Автор: Behrens Roger, McCormick Dorothy, Mfinanga David Название: Paratransit in African Cities: Operations, Regulation and Reform ISBN: 0415870321 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780415870320 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 27562.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание:
Public transport systems in contemporary Sub-Saharan African cities are heavily reliant upon paratransit services. These services are defined as informal transportation which operates between the public and individual private spheres. In Africa paratransit is characterized by low quality of vehicles and chaotic management but it also provides cheap, accessible and flexible transport solutions for the urban poor. It is typically poorly regulated and operates as a set of informal businesses. A common result of weak public sector regulation and a fare strategy in which owners claim a fixed daily revenue target and drivers who keep the variable balance as income, is destructive competition and poor quality of service. There is an incontrovertible case for improving the quality, reliability and coverage of public transport systems, and some city governments have attempted to do so by initiating reform projects that envisage the phased replacement of paratransit operations with formalised bus rapid transit systems.
In this book the authors argue that there are, however, path dependencies and constraints that limit the possible extent of public transport system reform. Paratransit operations also have some inherent advantages with respect to demand responsiveness and service innovation. Attempts to eradicate paratransit may be neither pragmatic nor strategic. Two future scenarios are likely: hybrid systems comprised of both paratransit and formally planned modes; and systems improved by upgrades and strengthened regulation of existing paratransit services. The business strategies and aspirations of incumbent paratransit operators in three case cities - Cape Town, Dar es Salaam and Nairobi - are discussed, as well as their attitudes towards emerging public transport reform projects. International experiences of hybrid system regulation and paratransit business development are reviewed in order to explore policy options. The authors contend that policies recognising paratransit operators, and seeking contextually appropriate complementarity with formalised planned services, will produce greater benefits than policies ignoring their continued existence.
Описание: Aviation Law and Policy in Asia: Smart Regulation in Liberalised Markets examines the evolution of aviation law and policy in selected Asian jurisdictions and analyses the dynamic regulatory challenges that each jurisdiction faces. Prominent aviation law and policy experts in Asia analyse topics such as air transport liberalisation, the regulation of air operator certificates, legal issues about pilot strikes, traffic rights allocation, legal challenges arising from new types of aircraft, ticket pricing regulation, air services agreements, airport competitiveness and aircraft financing. The case studies and recommendations presented in this book both enrich theoretical debates and serve as a roadmap for understanding aviation law and policy in Asia.
Описание: This book gives an international perspective on the role of institutions and regulations regarding national transport policy, local sustainable transport, international transport and freight transport.
Описание: An integrated analysis of how financial frictions can be accounted for in macroeconomic models built to study monetary policy and macroprudential regulation.
Since the global financial crisis, there has been a renewed effort to emphasize financial frictions in designing closed- and open-economy macroeconomic models for monetary and macroprudential policy analysis. Drawing on the extensive literature of the past decade as well as his own contributions, in this book Pierre-Richard Ag nor provides a unified set of theoretical and quantitative macroeconomic models with financial frictions to explore issues that have emerged in the wake of the crisis. These include the need to understand better how the financial system amplifies and propagates shocks originating elsewhere in the economy; how it can itself be a source of aggregate fluctuations; the extent to which central banks should account for financial stability considerations in the conduct of monetary policy; whether national central banks and regulators should coordinate their policies to promote macroeconomic and financial stability; and how much countercyclical macroprudential policies should be coordinated at the international level to mitigate financial spillovers across countries.
Ag nor focuses on upper middle-income countries, which differ from advanced economies in terms of both their structural features (which include a financial sector dominated by banks, weak supervisory capacity, and a high degree of vulnerability to external shocks) and their long-standing policy challenges (such as managing volatile capital flows). Some of the analytical insights and broad policy lessons that can be drawn from the book will be of relevance to advanced economies as well.
A distinguished economist examines competition, regulation, and stability in today's global banks
Does too much competition in banking hurt society? What policies can best protect and stabilize banking without stifling it? Institutional responses to such questions have evolved over time, from interventionist regulatory control after the Great Depression to the liberalization policies that started in the United States in the 1970s. The global financial crisis of 2007-2009, which originated from an oversupply of credit, once again raised questions about excessive banking competition and what should be done about it. Competition and Stability in Banking addresses the critical relationships between competition, regulation, and stability, and the implications of coordinating banking regulations with competition policies. Xavier Vives argues that while competition is not responsible for fragility in banking, there are trade-offs between competition and stability. Well-designed regulations would alleviate these trade-offs but not eliminate them, and the specificity of competition in banking should be accounted for. Vives argues that regulation and competition policy should be coordinated, with tighter prudential requirements in more competitive situations, but he also shows that supervisory and competition authorities should stand separate from each other, each pursuing its own objective. Vives reviews the theory and empirics of banking competition, drawing on up-to-date analysis that incorporates the characteristics of modern market-based banking, and he looks at regulation, competition policies, and crisis interventions in Europe and the United States, as well as in emerging economies. Focusing on why banking competition policies are necessary, Competition and Stability in Banking examines regulation's impact on the industry's efficiency and effectiveness.
Автор: Antonio Manuel Amaral, Luis Barreto, Sara Baltazar, Joao Pedro Silva, Luisa Goncalves Название: Implications of Mobility as a Service (MaaS) in Urban and Rural Environments ISBN: 179981615X ISBN-13(EAN): 9781799816157 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 16909.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: With the recent advancements and implementations of technology within the global community, various regions of the world have begun to transform. The idea of smart transportation and mobility is a specific field that has been implemented among countless areas around the world that are focused on intelligent and efficient environments. Despite its strong influence and potential, sustainable mobility still faces multiple demographic and environmental challenges. New perspectives, improvements, and solutions are needed in order to successfully apply efficient and sustainable transportation within populated environments. Implications of Mobility as a Service (MaaS) in Urban and Rural Environments: Emerging Research and Opportunities is a pivotal reference source that provides vital research on recent transportation improvements and the development of mobility systems in populated regions. While highlighting topics such as human-machine interaction, alternative vehicles, and sustainable development, this publication explores competitive solutions for transport efficiency as well as its impact on citizens' quality of life. This book is ideally designed for researchers, environmentalists, civil engineers, architects, policymakers, strategists, academicians, and students seeking current research on mobility advancements in urban and rural areas across the globe.
Автор: Brian Doucet, Pierre Filion, Rianne van Melik Название: Volume 3: Public Space and Mobility ISBN: 1529219019 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781529219012 Издательство: Marston Book Services Рейтинг: Цена: 3364.00 р. Наличие на складе: Поставка под заказ.
Описание: COVID-19 is an invisible threat that has hugely impacted cities and their inhabitants. Yet its impact is very visible, perhaps most so in urban public spaces and spaces of mobility.
This international volume explores the transformations of public space and public transport in response to COVID-19 across the world, both those resulting from official governmental regulations and from everyday practices of urban citizens. The contributors discuss how the virus made urban inequalities sharper and clearer, and redefined public spaces in the ‘new normal’. Offering crucial insights for reforming cities to be more resilient to future crises, this is an invaluable resource for scholars and policy makers alike.
Автор: Davoudi Simin Название: Justice and Fairness in the City ISBN: 1447318390 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781447318392 Издательство: Marston Book Services Рейтинг: Цена: 4948.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book examines the theory and practice of justice in and of the city through a multi-disciplinary collaboration, which draws on a wide range of expertise. It will be a valuable resource for academic researchers and students across a range of disciplines including urban and environmental studies.
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