Between 1959 and 1989, Soviet scientists and officials made numerous attempts to network their nation -- to construct a nationwide computer network. None of these attempts succeeded, and the enterprise had been abandoned by the time the Soviet Union fell apart. Meanwhile, ARPANET, the American precursor to the Internet, went online in 1969. Why did the Soviet network, with top-level scientists and patriotic incentives, fail while the American network succeeded? In How Not to Network a Nation, Benjamin Peters reverses the usual cold war dualities and argues that the American ARPANET took shape thanks to well-managed state subsidies and collaborative research environments and the Soviet network projects stumbled because of unregulated competition among self-interested institutions, bureaucrats, and others. The capitalists behaved like socialists while the socialists behaved like capitalists.
After examining the midcentury rise of cybernetics, the science of self-governing systems, and the emergence in the Soviet Union of economic cybernetics, Peters complicates this uneasy role reversal while chronicling the various Soviet attempts to build a "unified information network." Drawing on previously unknown archival and historical materials, he focuses on the final, and most ambitious of these projects, the All-State Automated System of Management (OGAS), and its principal promoter, Viktor M. Glushkov. Peters describes the rise and fall of OGAS -- its theoretical and practical reach, its vision of a national economy managed by network, the bureaucratic obstacles it encountered, and the institutional stalemate that killed it. Finally, he considers the implications of the Soviet experience for today's networked world.
Автор: Burns David M. Название: Spectre Gunner: The AC-130 Gunship ISBN: 1475969740 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781475969740 Издательство: Неизвестно Рейтинг: Цена: 4680.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание:
This is the true story of Master Sergeant David M. Burns, an aerial gunner assigned to the deadliest squadron in air force history. Aboard the AC-130 Spectre gunship, he flew a total of 287 combat missions over Laos, South Vietnam, and Cambodia, in pursuit of the truck traffic coming down the Ho Chi Minh Trail. His squadron destroyed more than fifteen thousand trucks loaded with war munitions destined for South Vietnam and Cambodia. Despite heavy and constant anti-aircraft and missile fire, the loss of six aircraft and the lives of fifty-two men, the crew never wavered in its dedication to the mission.
Master Sergeant Burns has a distinguished military career that began in 1951 at the age of fifteen. He served one tour of duty in Phan Rang, South Vietnam, in 1967, and four tours of duty in the 16th Special Operations Squadron in Southeast Asia as an aerial gunner, lead gunner, and instructor gunner. He served in both the United States Navy and Air Force, earning three Distinguished Flying Crosses for heroism, twenty-seven Air Medals, as well as a Bronze Star, Purple Heart, Presidential Unit Citation, Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal, Vietnam Cross of Gallantry with Palm, Vietnam Service Medal with nine battle stars, and other decorations from the Korean War. He was wounded twice and is credited with saving the lives of fourteen crewmembers.
How racism and discrimination have been central to democracies from the classical period to today
As right-wing nationalism and authoritarian populism gain momentum across the world, liberals, and even some conservatives, worry that democratic principles are under threat. In The Spectre of Race, Michael Hanchard argues that the current rise in xenophobia and racist rhetoric is nothing new and that exclusionary policies have always been central to democratic practices since their beginnings in classical times. Contending that democracy has never been for all people, Hanchard discusses how marginalization is reinforced in modern politics, and why these contradictions need to be fully examined if the dynamics of democracy are to be truly understood.
Hanchard identifies continuities of discriminatory citizenship from classical Athens to the present and looks at how democratic institutions have promoted undemocratic ideas and practices. The longest-standing modern democracies--France, Britain, and the United States--profited from slave labor, empire, and colonialism, much like their Athenian predecessor. Hanchard follows these patterns through the Enlightenment and to the states and political thinkers of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and he examines how early political scientists, including Woodrow Wilson and his contemporaries, devised what Hanchard has characterized as "racial regimes" to maintain the political and economic privileges of dominant groups at the expense of subordinated ones. Exploring how democracies reconcile political inequality and equality, Hanchard debates the thorny question of the conditions under which democracies have created and maintained barriers to political membership.
Showing the ways that race, gender, nationality, and other criteria have determined a person's status in political life, The Spectre of Race offers important historical context for how democracy generates political difference and inequality.
Автор: Beaumont, Matthew Название: Spectre of utopia ISBN: 303430725X ISBN-13(EAN): 9783034307253 Издательство: Peter Lang Рейтинг: Цена: 10930.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Re-examines the rise of utopian thought at the fin de siecle, situating it in social and political contradictions of the time and exploring the ways in which it articulated a deepening sense that the capitalist system might not be insuperable after all. This book constitutes a substantial contribution to our understanding of the utopian imaginary.
Автор: Hutchison Barry Название: Spectre Collectors: Rise of the Ghostfather! ISBN: 1788000501 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781788000505 Издательство: Nosy Crow Рейтинг: Цена: 1187.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: For readers who like their funny stories to be just a little bit spooky too...Look out for other titles in the Spectre Collectors series: Spectre Collectors: Too Ghoul for School, Spectre Collectors: A New York Nightmare!
Автор: Le Veque Kathryn Название: Spectre of the Sword ISBN: 149448160X ISBN-13(EAN): 9781494481605 Издательство: Неизвестно Цена: 2585.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Автор: Capes Ashley Название: Spectre ISBN: 0648541134 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780648541134 Издательство: Неизвестно Рейтинг: Цена: 1792.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Darkness is gathering deep within the land of Vadiya as the Red Seed Cult perform twisted experiments on human flesh.
Описание: A bold new history showing that the fear of Communism was a major factor in the outbreak of World War IIThe Spectre of War looks at a subject we thought we knew-the roots of the Second World War-and upends our assumptions with a masterful new interpretation. Looking beyond traditional explanations based on diplomatic failures or military might, Jonathan Haslam explores the neglected thread connecting them all: the fear of Communism prevalent across continents during the interwar period. Marshalling an array of archival sources, including records from the Communist International, Haslam transforms our understanding of the deep-seated origins of World War II, its conflicts, and its legacy.
Haslam offers a panoramic view of Europe and northeast Asia during the 1920s and 1930s, connecting fascism's emergence with the impact of the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution. World War I had economically destabilized many nations, and the threat of Communist revolt loomed large in the ensuing social unrest. As Moscow supported Communist efforts in France, Spain, China, and beyond, opponents such as the British feared for the stability of their global empire, and viewed fascism as the only force standing between them and the Communist overthrow of the existing order.
The appeasement and political misreading of Nazi Germany and fascist Italy that followed held back the spectre of rebellion-only to usher in the later advent of war. Illuminating ideological differences in the decades before World War II, and the continuous role of pre- and postwar Communism, The Spectre of War provides unprecedented context for one of the most momentous calamities of the twentieth century.
Автор: Rivers Holly Название: Demelza and the Spectre Detectors ISBN: 1912626039 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781912626038 Издательство: Scholastic UK Рейтинг: Цена: 923.00 р. Наличие на складе: Нет в наличии.
Описание: Demelza loves science, but she`s also inherited a distinctly un-scientificset of skills: Spectre Detecting - summoning the ghostsof the dead. When Grandma is kidnapped by mysterious villain, sheknows Spectre Detecting has something to do with it. Can Demelzasolve the deadly mystery?
Автор: Bergeron, Nicolas Название: Spectre des surfaces hyperboliques ISBN: 2759805646 ISBN-13(EAN): 9782759805648 Издательство: Неизвестно Рейтинг: Цена: 8966.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Автор: Kitchen John Название: Spectre in the Stones ISBN: 085728004X ISBN-13(EAN): 9780857280046 Издательство: Неизвестно Рейтинг: Цена: 3117.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Lloyd Lewis is moving to yet another children's home, but this one is different. It seems to be cast in an unremitting, sunless winter. The staff and children are surly and aggressive, and he soon discovers why: Sarson Hall is gripped in a curse. There are poltergeists creating constant disruptions and, in the cellar, a terrifying ghost. Lloyd's survival has always depended on his fighting spirit, and he sets about confronting the mayhem surrounding him. In his quest to remove the curse, he finds he possesses a rare power, which leads him to link what is happening to a nearby ravaged stone circle. But can he do anything to remove the curse from Sarson Hall, and can he bring peace once more to the old building and its occupants?
Описание: This book traces the roots of contemporary ideas about criminality back to legal, philosophical and aesthetic concepts originating in the nineteenth century.
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