Communication and Stakeholder Involvement in Radioactive Waste Disposal,
Автор: B. Come; N.A. Chapman Название: Natural Analogues in Radioactive Waste Disposal ISBN: 9401080518 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789401080514 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 27950.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: In order to validate predictive models of the very long-term processes which affect the performance of radioactive waste repositories, there has been an increased interest in the information and understanding which can be obtained from studying similar mechanisms in natural systems. These "natural analogues", as they are known in the jargon of waste management, have been studied sporadically for many years, but there has been a considerable rejuvenation of interest in the last four years, possibly owing to the fact that performance assessment methodolo- gy is gradually maturing to the point where it needs the kind of support which analogues can offer. Since 1982, the Commission of the European Communities has been involved in specific work on natural analogues in the framework of its activities on radioactive waste management, principally within the MIRAGE project which concerns migration of radionuclides in the geosphere. As a consequence, the Commission took the initiative, in 1985, of establish- ing a Natural Analogue Working Group (NAWG) whose members can benefit from the overall expertise available for managing their own natural analogue research programmes. In this group, modeller' s requirements and the results of field research are exchanged at regular intervals. A number of wide-ranging investigation programmes, both on national and international scales. are currently underway or being initiated, and several of these have been discussed recently at the NAWG.
Описание: Reliable methods for estimating the cost of a radioactive waste disposal programme are crucial to ensure that the necessary funding for completing the disposal programme is available. Estimating the cost for disposal is however a challenging and complex task. Disposal programmes themselves are complex and long-term undertakings and conditions can be expected to change significantly over the time-span during which a disposal programme is developed and implemented. This publication provides Member States with guidance on how to develop cost estimates for a disposal programme and on how to establish funding mechanisms. It will help readers in becoming informed clients by familiarizing themselves with the approaches and complexities in cost estimates and funding mechanisms for disposal. The publication is applicable to all waste categories and both near surface and geological disposal. It contains relevant examples and case studies from national programmes. The cost figures are intended to give an indication of the possible cost of certain parts or aspects of the disposal programme rather than to compare different disposal programmes’ costs.
Автор: Pusch, Roland N Yong, Raymond Nakano, Masashi (university Of Tokyo, Japan) Название: Geologic disposal of high-level radioactive waste ISBN: 081536766X ISBN-13(EAN): 9780815367666 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 26796.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This new book presents the best practices for the disposal of high-level radioactive waste, and compares the leading methodologies of Very Deep Hole (VDH) and Mined Repository (MR) approaches. It also assesses their respective waste isolation capacities in both the short- and long-term, and weighs the associated risks.
Автор: William R Roy Название: Radioactive Waste Management In The 21st Century ISBN: 9811230080 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789811230080 Издательство: World Scientific Publishing Рейтинг: Цена: 7128.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: The safe management of radioactive wastes is of paramount importance in gaining both governmental and societal support for nuclear energy. The scope of this new textbook is to provide a comprehensive perspective on all types of radioactive wastes as to how they are created, classified, characterized, and disposed.Written to emphasize how geology and radionuclide chemistry impact waste management, this book is primarily designed for engineers who have little background in geology with low-level wastes, decommissioning wastes, high-level wastes and spent nuclear fuel.This textbook provides the most up-to-date information available on waste management in several countries. The content of this work includes transporting radioactive materials to disposal facilities. The textbook cites numerous case studies to illustrate past practices, current methodologies and to provide insights on how radioactive wastes may be managed in the future. An international perspective on waste management is also provided to help the readers better understand the diversity in approaches while highlighting what many countries have in common. Review questions for classroom use are provided at the end of each chapter.Related Link(s)
Описание: Introduction.- Radioactivity in waste and residues.- Fundamentals of final disposal of radioactive waste and residues in geotechnical environmental structures.- Disposal of waste with very low radioactivity.- Radioactive residues of uranium ore mining requiring special monitoring.- Disposal of radioactive waste of low and medium radioactivity.- Final disposal of radioactive waste with high radioactivity.- Long-term Safety of Geotechnical Environmental Structures for the final disposal of radioactive waste and residues in Germany.- Environmental Monitoring.- Summary/Outlook.
Автор: Konrad Krauskopf Название: Radioactive Waste Disposal and Geology ISBN: 9401070342 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789401070348 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 12157.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Автор: Michael Lersow; Peter Waggitt Название: Disposal of All Forms of Radioactive Waste and Residues ISBN: 3030329097 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783030329099 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 6986.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание:
This book describes repository solutions for all types of radioactive waste and residues in different geotechnical repository structures. The focus is initially on existing or planned final disposal sites in Germany and the process of finding sites. However, international comparisons are drawn, especially to locations in the US. This affects both the repository structures and the legal requirements.
The radioactive substances considered include residues from uranium ore processing, as well as low and intermediate level radioactive waste up to heat generating, high level radioactive wastes, such as spent fuel and vitrified waste from reprocessing.
In order to evaluate the repository structures and their inventories, a dimensionless radiotoxicity index Ai / Fi [activity of radionuclide quantity (Ai) related to the exemption limit of radionuclide (Fi)] has been introduced. This gives the reader a well-founded overview of the degree of inconsistency in the handling of safety requirements for the respective geotechnical environmental structures. This creates the necessary transparency on this issue, which has not been previously available and is required by stakeholders today. The long-term security, the duration of the observation period and the certainty of the safety prognosis are also discussed in the book as well as the participation of subsequent generations in current and possible future repositories. This is vital as nuclear energy will continue to be used worldwide in the long term.
The international repository projects presented have all been subjected to the same evaluation criteria. This applies both to existing operational project as well as those about to be commissioned and the processes for seeking locations. Special attention has been paid to monitoring, both operational and long-term monitoring. This broad range of topics makes this book a very valuable read for both the interested public and the professional world.
Описание: Provides recommendations on how to comply with IAEA safety requirements on leadership and management for safety in the area of radioactive waste management. The guide presents updated guidance on developing and implementing management systems for safety during all steps of radioactive waste management.
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