Описание: This book deals with the ongoing reform process for investor-state dispute settlement in UNCITRAL Working Group III, in particular the proposal to create a multilateral investment tribunal (MIC). The book covers key elements of the MIC proposal, such as the institutional framework of the court, the design of an appeals mechanism, the use of class-law settlement procedures, and the establishment of an advisory center for developing countries. In addition, the selection and appointment of judges is discussed. It also explores the following questions: How can the MIC be integrated into the existing ISDS system? How can the implementation of its decisions be ensured? Each chapter highlights the legal issues to be discussed and places them in a larger context to offer an understanding of the core questions and how they are related to each other.
As pillars of the post-1945 international economic system the Regional and Sub-Regional Development Banks (RSDBs) have long been considered mini-World Banks, reiterating the policy approach of the largest official multilateral development lender in the world. The main objective of the collection is to identify what role the RSDBs play in global economic governance and why.
This edited collection draws together cutting edge original research on these understudied institutions. In the burgeoning sub-field of global economic governance as well as the broader study of international organisations (IOs), too often the focus remains on the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Second-order IOs, such as the RSDBs, receive much less attention despite their longevity and regional importance. This volume corrects this oversight by bringing together methodologically diverse research on the RSDBs that interrogates the role and impact of these organisations in global economic governance.
The book investigates: the African Development Bank (AfDB); the Asian Development Bank (AsDB); the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) and select sub-regional development banks in comparison to the World Bank Group. It will be of great interest to students and scholars of IPE, IR and Development Studies.
Автор: Desai Название: Multilateral Environmental Agreements ISBN: 1107610516 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781107610514 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 6019.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This study examines the genesis, development, and proliferation of multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs), their ad hoc treaty-based status and the issue of the legal personality of their secretariats. It offers an account of the phenomenon in which an international institution provides a servicing base for an MEA that triggers a chain of legal implications.
The Multilateral Instrument (MLI) proposed in OECD BEPS Action 15 will lead to the modification of numerous tax treaties. As tax treaties can have different wording, terminology and structure, a great challenge is to find a proper way to accomplish their modification without distorting the underlying framework or triggering undesirable effects.
This book analyses the MLI, which was signed by over seventy jurisdictions on 7 June 2017. The topics covered include:
- the procedural mechanisms on how the new measures to prevent base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS) will interact with and complement existing tax treaties;
- the scope of the MLI in order to ascertain which tax treaties and taxes are covered;
- the interpretation of terms used in the MLI and the relationship between the languages used in the MLI and in the particular tax treaties;
- the implementation of the minimum standard through the MLI, as well as how states can exercise various options offered by the MLI and reserve the right not to apply certain provisions of the MLI;
- the legal consequences of the exercise of options and reservations for the other states;
- the notification procedure through which states declare their choices; and
- the possibilities and procedure for withdrawal from the obligations entered into upon signing the MLI.
Finally, the book discusses whether the mechanism of the MLI can serve as a role model for future changes to the OECD Model Convention.
The book incorporates the analyses of leading scholars and practitioners dealing with international tax matters. Critical insights are offered for academics, practitioners, tax officials and judges who deal with or are interested in the field of international taxation.
Описание: This open access book considers the potential setup for a future Multilateral Investment Court (MIC). In 2017, UNCITRAL also decided to discuss the possibility of an MIC, and on 20 March 2018, the Council of the EU gave the EU Commission the mandate to negotiate the creation of an MIC.
Автор: Park, Susan (university Of Sydney) Название: Environmental recourse at the multilateral development banks ISBN: 1108702341 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781108702348 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 2851.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This Element examines how IGMs provide recourse for infringements of three procedural environmental rights: access to information, access to participation, and access to justice in environmental matters, as well as environmental protections drawn from the United Nations Guiding Principles and the World Bank`s protection standards.
Описание: This book is a rarity in that it opens a genuinely creative new vista for understanding global politics as distinguished from international politics, enhancing the vision for understanding global subjects such as multilateral treaties and the Covid-19 virus.
Описание: The authors use multilateral security governance theory to propose mutual persuasion, institution-building, incorporation of non-state actors into multilateral strategies, collective action, and multilateral governance as a strategy for modern Mexico.
International organizations do not always live up to the expectations and mandates of their member countries. One of the best examples of this gap is the environmental performance of multilateral development banks, which are tasked with allocating and managing approximately half of all development assistance worldwide. In the 1980s and 1990s, the multilateral development banks came under severe criticism for financing projects that caused extensive deforestation, polluted large urban areas, displaced millions of people, and destroyed valuable natural resources. In response to significant and public failures, member countries established or strengthened administrative procedures, citizen complaint mechanisms, project evaluation, and strategic planning processes. All of these reforms intended to close the gap between the mandates and performance of the multilateral development banks by shaping the way projects are approved. Giving Aid Effectively provides a systematic examination of whether these efforts have succeeded in aligning allocation decisions with performance.
Mark T. Buntaine argues that the most important way to give aid effectively is selectivity--moving towards projects with a record of success and away from projects with a record of failure for individual recipient countries. This book shows that under certain circumstances, the control mechanisms established to close the gap between mandate and performance have achieved selectivity. Member countries prompt the multilateral development banks to give aid more effectively when they generate information about the outcomes of past operations and use that information to make less successful projects harder to approve or more successful projects easier to approve. This argument is substantiated with the most extensive analysis of evaluations across four multilateral development banks ever completed, together with in-depth case studies and dozens of interviews. More generally, Giving AidEffectively demonstrates that member countries have a number of mechanisms that allow them to manage international organizations for results.
Описание: Despite their shared history and the potential benefits of cooperation in the twenty-first century, a bilateral and multilateral relationship among Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean remains an overlooked possibility. Using a multidisciplinary approach, this book advocates for increased and renewed cooperation among the regions.
Co-written by a world-renowned petroleum engineer, this breakthrough new volume teaches engineers how to configure, place and produce horizontal and multilateral wells in geologically complicated reservoirs, select optimal well spacings and fracture separations, and how to manage factors influencing well productivity using proven cost-effective and user-friendly simulation methods.
Charged in the 1990s with solving some of petroleum engineering's biggest problems that the industry deemed unsolvable, the authors of this innovative new volume solved those problems, not just using a well-published math model, but one optimized to run rapidly, the first time, every time. This not only provides numerical output, but production curves and color pressure plots automatically. And each in a single hour of desk time.
Using their Multisim software that is featured in this volume, secondary school students at the Aldine Independent School District delivered professional quality simulations in a training program funded by some of the largest energy companies in the world. Think what you, as a professional engineer, could do in your daily work. Valuable with or without the software, this volume is the cutting-edge of reservoir engineering today, prefacing each chapter with a trade journal summary followed by hands-on details, allowing readers to replicate and extend results for their own applications.
This volume covers parent-child, multilateral well, and fracture flow interactions, reservoir flow analysis, many other issues involving fluid flow, fracturing, and many other common unsolvable problems that engineers encounter every day. It is a must-have for every engineer's bookshelf.
Описание: This book explores how the European Union designs its trade policy to face the most recent challenges and to influence global policy issues. It studies a broad set of trade instruments that are used by the EU in its trade policy, such as: trade agreements, multilateral initiatives, unilateral trade policies, as well as, internal market tools.
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