Автор: Ogilvie Sheilagh Название: The European Guilds: An Economic Analysis ISBN: 0691217025 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780691217024 Издательство: Wiley Рейтинг: Цена: 4435.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть (1 шт.) Описание: A comprehensive analysis of European craft guilds through eight centuries of economic historyGuilds ruled many crafts and trades from the Middle Ages to the Industrial Revolution, and have always attracted debate and controversy. They were sometimes viewed as efficient institutions that guaranteed quality and skills. But they also excluded competitors, manipulated markets, and blocked innovations.
Did the advantages of guilds outweigh their costs? Analyzing thousands of guilds from 1000 to 1880, The European Guilds answers that question with vivid examples and clear economic reasoning. Sheilagh Ogilvie features the voices of honourable guild masters, underpaid journeymen, exploited apprentices, shady officials, and outraged customers, and follows the stories of the "vile encroachers"-women, migrants, Jews, gypsies, bastards, and others-desperate to work but hunted down by the guilds as illicit competitors. The European Guilds analyzes the toxic complicity between guild members and political elites, and shows how privileged institutions and exclusive networks prey on prosperity and stifle growth.
Автор: Gockenbach Название: Understanding and Implementing the Finite Element Method ISBN: 0898716144 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780898716146 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 15048.00 р. Наличие на складе: Нет в наличии.
Описание: The finite element method is the most powerful general-purpose technique for computing accurate solutions to partial differential equations. This book contains a thorough derivation of the finite element equations as well as sections on programming the necessary calculations, solving the finite element equations, and using a posteriori error estimates to produce validated solutions. Accessible introductions to advanced topics, such as multigrid solvers, the hierarchical basis conjugate gradient method, and adaptive mesh generation, are provided. Each chapter ends with exercises to help readers master these topics. The book is practical in nature. It includes a carefully documented collection of MATLAB programs implementing the ideas presented. Readers will benefit from a detailed explanation of data structures and specific coding strategies and will learn how to write a finite element code from scratch. Students can use the MATLAB codes to experiment with the method and extend them in various ways.
Автор: Ogilvie, Sheilagh Название: The European Guilds ISBN: 0691137544 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780691137544 Издательство: Wiley Рейтинг: Цена: 6336.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание:
A comprehensive analysis of European craft guilds through eight centuries of economic history
Guilds ruled many crafts and trades from the Middle Ages to the Industrial Revolution, and have always attracted debate and controversy. They were sometimes viewed as efficient institutions that guaranteed quality and skills. But they also excluded competitors, manipulated markets, and blocked innovations. Did the benefits of guilds outweigh their costs? Analyzing thousands of guilds that dominated European economies from 1000 to 1880, The European Guilds uses vivid examples and clear economic reasoning to answer that question.
Sheilagh Ogilvie's book features the voices of honorable guild masters, underpaid journeymen, exploited apprentices, shady officials, and outraged customers, and follows the stories of the "vile encroachers"--women, migrants, Jews, gypsies, bastards, and many others--desperate to work but hunted down by the guilds as illicit competitors. She investigates the benefits of guilds but also shines a light on their dark side. Guilds sometimes provided important services, but they also manipulated markets to profit their members. They regulated quality but prevented poor consumers from buying goods cheaply. They fostered work skills but denied apprenticeships to outsiders. They transmitted useful techniques but blocked innovations that posed a threat. Guilds existed widely not because they corrected market failures or served the common good but because they benefited two powerful groups--guild members and political elites.
Exploring guilds' inner workings across eight centuries, The European Guilds shows how privileged institutions and exclusive networks shape the wider economy--for good or ill.
Автор: Anne Greenbaum Название: Interative Methods for Solving Linear Systems ISBN: 089871396X ISBN-13(EAN): 9780898713961 Издательство: Marston Book Services Рейтинг: Цена: 13245.00 р. Наличие на складе: Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Much recent research has concentrated on the efficient solution of large sparse or structured linear systems using iterative methods. A language loaded with acronyms for a thousand different algorithms has developed, and it is often difficult even for specialists to identify the basic principles involved. Here is a book that focuses on the analysis of iterative methods.
The author includes the most useful algorithms from a practical point of view and discusses the mathematical principles behind their derivation and analysis. Several questions are emphasized throughout: Does the method converge? If so, how fast? Is it optimal, among a certain class? If not, can it be shown to be near-optimal? The answers are presented clearly, when they are known, and remaining important open questions are laid out for further study. Greenbaum includes important material on the effect of rounding errors on iterative methods that has not appeared in other books on this subject.
Additional important topics include a discussion of the open problem of finding a provably near-optimal short recurrence for non-Hermitian linear systems; the relation of matrix properties such as the field of values and the pseudospectrum to the convergence rate of iterative methods; comparison theorems for preconditioners and discussion of optimal preconditioners of specified forms; introductory material on the analysis of incomplete Cholesky, multigrid, and domain decomposition preconditioners, using the diffusion equation and the neutron transport equation as example problems. A small set of recommended algorithms and implementations is included.
Автор: Kuhlmann, Jurgen Название: Military and Society in 21st Century Europe ISBN: 1412818273 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781412818278 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 7042.00 р. Наличие на складе: Поставка под заказ.
Автор: Frankson, Anders Название: Kursk 1943 ISBN: 0714681032 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780714681030 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 7042.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Автор: Dewan, Torun Название: Political Analysis and Public Choice ISBN: 0415428785 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780415428781 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 5511.00 р. Наличие на складе: Поставка под заказ.
Описание: To date, very few northern Albanian archaeological sites have been surveyed and excavated. Situated beyond the reach, and allure, of the Classical Greek colonies of south-central Albania, the region has drawn less scholarly attention. But in various ways, northern Albania is just as important to the ongoing archaeological debates regarding the origins of inequality and the rise of social complexity.
Some of the earliest and largest hill forts and tumuli (burial mounds) in Albania, dating to the Bronze and Iron Age, are located in ShkodËr. ShkodËr (Rozafa) Castle became the capital of the so-called Illyrian Kingdom, which was conquered by Rome in the early 3rd century BC. This research report, focused on the province of ShkodËr, is based on five years of field and laboratory work and is the first synthetic archaeological treatment of this region.
The results of the Projekti Arkeologjik i ShkodrËs (or PASH) are presented here in two volumes. Volume 1 includes geological context, a literature review, historical background, and reports on the regional survey and test excavations at three settlements and three tumuli. In Volume 2, the authors describe the artifacts recovered through survey and excavation, including chipped stone, small finds, and pottery from the prehistoric, Classical, Roman, medieval, and post-medieval periods. They also present results of faunal, petrographic, chemical, carpological, and strontium isotope analyses of the artifacts.
These two volumes place northern Albania—and the ShkodËr Province in particular—at the forefront of archaeological research in the Balkans.
Описание: Kalman J. Kaplan and Paul Cantz offer a biblically-based approach to suicide prevention, designed to overcome suicidogenic patterns in fourteen patients fitting into seven Graeco-Roman suicidal syndromes. Kaplan and Cantz use biblical narratives alongside an in-depth positive psychology, aimed at promoting life instead of simply preventing suicide.
Автор: L?vy-Leboyer Название: The French Economy in the Nineteenth Century ISBN: 052110341X ISBN-13(EAN): 9780521103411 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 6019.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: The modernisation of the French economy in the nineteenth century raises a difficult question for the historian. The country experienced definite advances but also a long period of stagnation that for a while threatened its competitiveness and capacity to expand.
Автор: Stapp Название: Afro-Americans in Antebellum Boston ISBN: 1138878170 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781138878174 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 5511.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: First published in 1993. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Автор: Lightbody Название: The Cold War ISBN: 1138165131 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781138165137 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 22202.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Bradley Lightbody here examines the complex arguments which divided East and West following the Second World war, and analyzes its eight major phases from the emergence of the Cold War through the late 1980s.
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