| Автор: Noor Muhammad Naveed
Название: Homeless Youth of Pakistan: Survival Sex and HIV Risk
ISBN: 3030793044 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783030793043
Издательство: Springer
Цена: 6986.00 р.
Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Chapter 1: Introduction
This chapter is composed of three main sections. First, I provide a brief overview of the history of HIV in Pakistan, and how the epidemic is linked with high-risk population groups including injecting drug users, sex workers, men who have sex with men, and transgender individuals. I, then, describe while internationally there is a clear link between homelessness and HIV, there is a dearth of social scientific research into sexual risk-taking among homeless young people (HYP) in Pakistan. Second, I describe the overarching aim of my research, which is to explore the lived experiences of HYP in Pakistan. I explore why young people become homeless, what contributes to their engagement in sex work despite knowing that it is illegal and carries an immense stigma, and why homeless young people engage in sexual risk-taking even while being cognisant of the risk of HIV/STIs. Third, I describe the organisation of the book.
Chapter 2: Understanding homelessness As HYP have lives characterised by a lack of resources, this can contribute to their decisions to engage in sex work. To have a better understanding of HYP's sexual practices, I explore factors contributing to their homelessness in the first place. In the first section, I explore the agency/structure-divide evident in many previous explanations of youth homelessness. My analysis suggests that rather than bifurcating the experiences of homelessness into micro- or macro-level forces, homelessness might be differently understood as an outcome of the combination of these antecedents. In the second section, I explore the strategies, HYP adopt to negotiate the adversity of homelessness. My analysis suggests that HYP are agential and resourceful, as they work to improve their financial status and construct a social and emotional support mechanism, although they often engage in social undesirable practices (i.e., sex work, drug dealing, theft, and panhandling).
Chapter 3: Understanding sexual behaviour While HYP are often seen to be engaging in sexual risk-taking due to their limited knowledge about HIV/STIs, some studies suggest knowledge of HIV/STIs may not always help, as social structural forces can neutralise it, and can provide contexts of sexual risk-taking. To understand this complexity, first, I analyse biomedical, epidemiological, and public health research and explore why 'lay' beliefs about HIV/STI and sex exist despite advancement in biomedical knowledge and health promotion. Second, I investigate where these 'lay' beliefs about sex and HIV/STIs originate. Third, I review social psychology studies to examine the extent to which biomedical knowledge about HIV/STIs can help young people to practise safer sex. This review indicates that explanations of whether beliefs impact sexual behaviour are inconsistent, with some of them providing hints of how social structural forces can constrain individuals' sexual behaviour. Finally, I use sociological and anthropological research to explore the relationships between structural conditions and sexual behaviour.
Chapter 4: The theory of capital and social practice In developing a study that can examine the relationships between various social structural- and interpersonal-level forces, it is critical to draw on a social theory that has a relational view of social practice. Therefore, the theoretical framework adopted is based on the constructivist sociology of Pierre Bourdieu. The first section describes the main tenets of Bourdieusian theory, including how the interrelationship between social fields, habitus, and capital produces social practice. The second section provides a detailed description of social fields, which are social spaces in which individuals navigate their social lives by accumulating and deploying various forms of capital. The third secti |
