Описание: In this thoughtful collection of essays edited by Debra J. Salazar andDonald K. Alper, forest policy in the U.S. Pacific Northwest andBritish Columbia is examined in a binational context. While US andCanadian forest policy and forest management approaches differ, the twocountries face similar challenges and conflicts. Contributors discussthe evolution of forest exploitation, the response of timber companiesto U.S. federal environmental regulations, sovereignty for FirstNations communities, and the reshaping of the political economy offorests by global forces on both sides of the border. Groups usuallyignored in the forest policy debate -- such as First Nations peoples,workers in the emerging non-forest economy, and citizen activists --are also given voice in this fascinating compilation.
Автор: Zhang Meng, Sivaramakrishnan K. Название: Timber and Forestry in Qing China: Sustaining the Market ISBN: 0295748877 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780295748870 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 4389.00 р. Наличие на складе: Нет в наличии.
Описание:
In the Qing period (1644–1912), China's population tripled, and the flurry of new development generated unprecedented demand for timber. Standard environmental histories have often depicted this as an era of reckless deforestation, akin to the resource misuse that devastated European forests at the same time. This comprehensive new study shows that the reality was more complex: as old-growth forests were cut down, new economic arrangements emerged to develop renewable timber resources.
Historian Meng Zhang traces the trade routes that connected population centers of the Lower Yangzi Delta to timber supplies on China's southwestern frontier. She documents innovative property rights systems and economic incentives that convinced landowners to invest years in growing trees. Delving into rare archives to reconstruct business histories, she considers both the formal legal mechanisms and the informal interactions that helped balance economic profit with environmental management. Of driving concern were questions of sustainability: How to maintain a reliable source of timber across decades and centuries? And how to sustain a business network across a thousand miles? This carefully constructed study makes a major contribution to Chinese economic and environmental history and to world-historical discourses on resource management, early modern commercialization, and sustainable development.
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