Traders and Gentlefolk: The Livingstons of New York, 1675-1790, Cynthia A. Kierner

Автор: Kierner Cynthia a.
Название: Traders and Gentlefolk: The Livingstons of New York, 1675-1790
ISBN: 0801476674 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780801476679
Издательство: Wiley EDC
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Описание:

Including among their number a signer of the Declaration of Independence and the founder of an ironworks, the Livingstons were a prominent family in the political, economic, and social life of colonial New York. Drawing on a rich array of sources, Cynthia Kierner vividly recreates the history of four generations of Livingstons and sheds new light on the development of both the elite ideology they represented and of the wider culture of early America.

Although New York's colonial elite have been considered self-interested political intriguers, Kierner contends that the Livingstons idealized gentility and public-spiritedness, industry and morality. She shows how New York's most successful traders became gentlefolk without abandoning their entrepreneurial values, how they forged a distinct culture, and how the Revolution ultimately occasioned the rejection of elite political authority.

Traders and Gentlefolk focuses on the lives of four members of the family: Robert Livingston, a Scottish emigrant who, with his wife Alida Schuyler, attained substantial political influence and acquired Livingston Manor; their son Philip, whose outstanding commercial talents secured his descendants' financial security; Philip's son, William, an outspoken civic leader and energetic supporter of American independence; and Robert R. Livingston, a jurist and diplomat whose aristocratic temperament prevented him from playing a vital role in post-Revolutionary politics.

Автор: Wilson Andrew, Flohr Miko
Название: Urban Craftsmen and Traders in the Roman World
ISBN: 0198852908 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780198852902
Издательство: Oxford Academ
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Описание: This edited collection, featuring sixteen contributions from leading Roman historians and archaeologists, sheds new light on approaches to the economic history of urban craftsmen and traders in the Roman world.

Автор: Goitein S. D.
Название: Letters of Medieval Jewish Traders
ISBN: 0691618771 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780691618777
Издательство: Wiley
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Описание: Modern international business has its origins in the overseas trade of the Middle Ages. Of the various communities active in trade in the Islamic countries at that time, records of only the Jewish community survive. Thousands of documents were preserved in the Cairo Geniza, a lumber room attached to the synagogue where discarded writings containing

Автор: Velazquez, Mariana-Cecilia (University of Nevada, Reno)
Название: Cultural Representations of Piracy in England, Spain, and the Caribbean
ISBN: 0367693569 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780367693565
Издательство: Taylor&Francis
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Описание: This book examines the concept of piracy as an instrument for the advancement of legal, economic, and political agendas associated with early modern imperial conflicts in the Caribbean.

Автор: Goitein S. D.
Название: Letters of Medieval Jewish Traders
ISBN: 0691645752 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780691645759
Издательство: Wiley
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Описание: Modern international business has its origins in the overseas trade of the Middle Ages. Of the various communities active in trade in the Islamic countries at that time, records of only the Jewish community survive. Thousands of documents were preserved in the Cairo Geniza, a lumber room attached to the synagogue where discarded writings containing

Автор: Wilkins Teresa J.
Название: Patterns of Exchange: Navajo Weavers and Traders
ISBN: 0806143541 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780806143545
Издательство: Неизвестно
Цена: 5046.00 р.
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Описание: Reveals the true complexity of the relationship between Navajo weavers and reservation traders The Navajo rugs and textiles people admire and buy today are the result of many historical influences, particularly the interaction between Navajo weavers and the traders who guided their production and controlled their sale. John Lorenzo Hubbell and other late-nineteenth-century traders were convinced they knew which patterns and colors would appeal to Anglo-American buyers, and so they heavily encouraged those designs. In Patterns of Exchange, Teresa J. Wilkins traces how the relationships between generations of Navajo weavers and traders affected Navajo weaving. The Navajos valued their relationships with Hubbell and others who operated trading posts on their reservation. As a result, they did not always see themselves as exploited victims of a capitalist system. Rather, because of Navajo cultural traditions of gift-giving and helping others, the artists slowly adapted some of the patterns and colors the traders requested into their own designs. By the 1890s, Hubbell and others commissioned paintings depicting particular weaving styles and encouraged Navajo weavers to copy them, reinforcing public perceptions of traditional Navajo weaving. Even the Navajos came to revere certain designs as "the weaving of the ancestors." Including numerous illustrations, this volume traces the intricate play of cultural and economic pressures and personal relationships between artists and traders that guided Navajo weavers to produce textiles that are today emblems of the Native American Southwest. Winner - Multi-cultural Subject, New Mexico Book Awards Teresa J. Wilkins is Associate Professor of Anthropology at the University of New Mexico, Gallup. A weaver herself, she is a former student of weaving authority Joe Ben Wheat.