Theoretical Aspects of Homogeneous Catalysis, Piet W.N.M. van Leeuwen; Keiji Morokuma; J.H. van

Автор: R. Ugo
Название: Aspects of Homogeneous Catalysis
ISBN: 9400983735 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789400983731
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Описание: Another approach is via the peracid route 10, Il], whereby propylene is epoxidized by an organic peracid, usually peracetic acid. The latter is prepared either by reaction of acetic acid with hydrogen peroxide, or by autoxidation of acetaldehyde. - (3) - (4) ---I.... MeC0 H MeCHO +02 3 /'\. (5) MeC0 H + MeCH=CH ---I .... MeCH-CH + MeC0 H 3 2 2 2 Although this method has been extensively studied 10, II] and is often the method of choice for laboratory scale preparations of epoxides, it has not been widely applied on a commercial scale. The reasons are probably to be found in the hazards associated with the handling of these explosive and corrosive peracids on an industrial scale. Nevertheless, several companies continue to groom this method for future commercialization 12]. With organic hydroperoxides becoming available as commercial chemicals, in the last decade propylene oxide process technology has seen the commercializa- tion of the hydroperoxide route. Such a process, developed by Halcon Interna- tional and Atlantic Richfield, is that often referred to as the Halcon or Oxirane process 13]. It involves the reaction of propylene with an alkyl hydroperoxide in the presence of a soluble, metal catalyst (usually a molybdenum compound). The alkyl hydroperoxide is prepared by autoxidation of an appropriate hydro- carbon. For example, tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is prepared by autoxida- tion of isobutane. (6) Reaction with propylene gives propylene oxide and tert-butanol as a coproduct.

Автор: R. Ugo
Название: Aspects of Homogeneous Catalysis
ISBN: 940107450X ISBN-13(EAN): 9789401074506
Издательство: Springer
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Описание: The literature contains tens of thousands of publications and patents devoted to the synthesis, characterization and processing of polymers.

Автор: Piet W.N.M. van Leeuwen; Keiji Morokuma; J.H. van
Название: Theoretical Aspects of Homogeneous Catalysis
ISBN: 9401042128 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789401042123
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Автор: R. Ugo
Название: Aspects of Homogeneous Catalysis
ISBN: 9401077908 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789401077903
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Автор: R. Ugo
Название: Aspects of Homogeneous Catalysis
ISBN: 9401012016 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789401012010
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Описание: In recent years, the liquid phase oxidation of organic substrates using transition metal compounds as catalysts has become a profitable means of obtaining industrially important chemicals. Millions of tons of valuable petrochemicals are produced in this manner annually 1]. Typical examples of such processes are the production of vinyl acetate or acetaldehyde via the Wacker process, equations (1) and (2); the Mid- Century process for the oxidation of methyl aromatics, such as p-xylene to tereph- thalic acid, equation (3); and the production of propylene oxide from propylene using alkyl hydroperoxides, equation (4). PdCI, CuCI 2 2 (1) CH2 = CH2 + 1/2 O2 -H 0 CH3CHO 2 (2) Co(OAcjz (3) (4) The vast majority of liquid phase transition metal catalyzed oxidations of organic compounds fall into these three broad categories: (a) free radical autoxidation reactions, (b) reactions involving nucleophilic attack on coordinated substrate such as the Wacker process, or (c) metal catalyzed reactions of organic substrates with hydroperoxides. Of these three classes of oxidations only the first represents the actual interaction of dioxygen with an organic substrate. The function of oxygen in the Wacker process is simply to re-oxidize the catalyst after each cycle 2].

Автор: R. Ugo
Название: Aspects of Homogeneous Catalysis
ISBN: 9401033439 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789401033435
Издательство: Springer
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Автор: A. Mortreux; F. Petit
Название: Industrial Applications of Homogeneous Catalysis
ISBN: 9401082316 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789401082310
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Описание: These lectures are concerned with the field of homogeneous transition metal catalysis and its application to the synthesis of organic intermediates and fine chemicals from an academic and industrial viewpoint.

Автор: Christopher. Masters
Название: Homogeneous Transition-metal Catalysis
ISBN: 0412221209 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780412221200
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Автор: R. Ugo
Название: Aspects of Homogeneous Catalysis
ISBN: 9400963653 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789400963658
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Описание: Among the first examples of a nitrogen-containing heterocycle to be formed by homogeneous catalysis is the triazine shown in Equation 1 which is the product of the trimerization of benzonitrile in the presence of iron penta carbonyl or Raney- nickel [4] .

Автор: R. Ugo
Название: Aspects of Homogeneous Catalysis
ISBN: 9401022879 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789401022873
Издательство: Springer
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Автор: Bhaduri Sumit
Название: Homogeneous Catalysis
ISBN: 1118139259 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781118139257
Издательство: Wiley
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Описание: The only up-to-date, concise textbook available for a short course in organometallic chemistry and homogeneous catalysis, Homogeneous Catalysis clearly explains the basic principles of organometallic chemistry, homogeneous catalysis, and relevant technological issues.

Автор: Michelet Veronique Et Al
Название: Gold Catalysis: An Homogeneous Approach
ISBN: 1848168527 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781848168527
Издательство: World Scientific Publishing
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Описание: Research on designing catalytic systems has been one of the most important fields in modern organic chemistry, and one reason for this is the predominant contribution of catalysis to the concepts of atom economy and green chemistry in the 21st century. This book presents the major advances in homogeneous catalysis.